1. Concept 1: Analyzing and the chemistry of life (Ch 2, 3, 4, 5)
MACROMOLECULES
Ch 5 in Campbell
p in Holtzclaw

2. Macromolecules
You must know:
The role of dehydration synthesis in the formation of organic compounds and hydrolysis in the digestion of organic compounds.
How to recognize the four biologically important organic compounds (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids) by their structural formulas.
The cellular functions of all four organic compounds.
The four structural levels that proteins can go through to reach their final shape (conformation) and the denaturing impact that heat and pH scale can have on protein structure.

3. Two important biochemical reactions:
Dehydration Synthesis
Hydrolysis

4. Dehydration Synthesis

5. Dehydration Synthesis
Example – building a ‘disaccharide’

6. Hydrolysis

7. Hydrolysis
Example – digesting a ‘disaccharide’

8. Reversible!

9. Try This!
How many molecules of water are needed to completely hydrolyze a polymer that is eight monomers long?

10. Try This!
How many molecules of water are needed to completely hydrolyze a polymer that is eight monomers long?
Seven H2O

11. Four Types of Organic Compounds
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Nucleic Acids
Proteins

12. Carbohydrates
Structure (monosaccharides: CnH2nOn)
Cellular Function

13. Carbohydrates
Structure (disaccharides)
Cellular Function

14. Carbohydrates Structure (polysaccharides – cellulose)
Cellular Function (structural support)

15. Carbohydrates Structure (polysaccharides – starch, glycogen)
Cellular Function (energy storage)

16. Lipids
Structure
Cellular Function

17. Lipids
Structure (neutral fat)
Cellular Function (energy storage)

18. Lipids
Structure (saturated fatty acids)
Cellular Function

19. Lipids
Structure (unsaturated fatty acids)
Cellular Function

20. Lipids
Structure (phospholipids)
Cellular Function (cell membrane)

21. Lipids
Structure (phospholipids)
Cellular Function (cell membranes)

22. Lipids
Structure (steroids)
Cellular Function (structure, hormones)