1. “Roaring Twenties” (1920 - 1929)

2. Common Themes Nativism Fundamentalism Modernism Advances in Science
Republican Resurgence

3. Nativism Sacco & Vanzetti
Madison Grant’s The Passing of the Great Race (1916)
Emergency Immigration Act (1924)
Quota System
Curb S. & E. European immigration

4. Sacco & Vanzetti

5. Nativism Ku Klux Klan Temperance Movement Prohibition WCTU
Anti-Saloon League
Prohibition

6. Klan in DC, 1925

7. Klan in Maine, 1926

8. Fundamentalism Restore Protestant values Anti-Catholic ; Anti-Semitic
Reject Darwin’s theory of evolution
Banned in several schools

9. The Scopes “Monkey” Trial
John Scopes, HS biology teacher in TN
Accused of teaching evolution
Convicted, but charges dismissed

10. Prohibition Anti-Saloon League Moral Issue  Legal issue
“Jubilee Convention” of 1913
Endorse national amendment outlawing alcohol

11. Reaction to Prohibition
18th Amendment
Social Reactions:
Speakeasies
Cocktail Parties
Organized Crime
Al Capone
“Bootlegging”
St. Valentine’s Massacre

12. Reaction to Prohibition

13. Jazz Age Reject rural, middle-class values Jazz Music
New Dances (Charleston)
Silent Movies
Talkies
1920: 23,000 movie theaters
Openness about sex

14. Women’s Liberation Changes in Marriage “Flappers”
Margaret Sanger & birth control
The Woman Rebel
American Birth Control League
Eugenics
League of Women Voters (1920)

15. “Flappers” & the “New Woman”

16. Women in the Workforce

17. The “New Negro” “Great Migration” NAACP ; Niagra Movement
; est. 1 million to northern cities
NAACP ; Niagra Movement
“Negro Nationalism”
Marcus Garvey

18. “Harlem Renaissance”
Claude McKay, c. 1925
Langston Hughes, c. 1925

19. Modernist Science Albert Einstein Max Planck Werner Heisenberg
Relativity Theory
Max Planck
Quantum Theory
Werner Heisenberg
Uncertainty Principle
Human knowledge has limits!!!

20. Modernist Art
Realism
Cubism
Abstract Art
Pablo Picasso

21. Modernist Literature “The Lost Generation” T.S. Eliot Ernest Hemingway
F. Scott Fitzgerald

22. Harding Administration
Return to “Normalcy”
The “Ohio Gang”
Teapot Dome Scandal
“Business-friendly”, lax regulation

23. Teapot Dome

24. Return to Laissez-faire?
Budget & Accounting Act (1921)
Fordney-McCumber Tariff (1922)
Revenue Act (1926)
Tax cuts to rich
65% to 20% max. rate
B & A Act - Independent budget preparation (Chi. Bank) ; balanced budget & reduced debt
F & C Tariff - on iron & chemical products ; reduce competition from Germany

25. Coolidge Sworn In
Harding dies of food poisoning on W. coast speaking tour
Coolidge, VP from VT, becomes President

26. 1924 Election

27. “Silent Cal” “The chief business of the American people is business”
“…a return to the Gilded Age presidency…”
McNary-Haugen Bill (1927-8)
Protective tariff for agri.
Vetoed twice by Coolidge
M-H Bill - protective tariffs for agriculture ; pump surplus into global market to increase domestic price

28. “Nation of Consumption”
Automobiles
Ford Model T
Movies
Charlie Chaplin
“Talkies”
Radio
Airplanes
Subsidies for research, airports, mail
Airplanes - govt. contracts are air-mail carriers for postal service

29. US Consumerism