1. Biology Notes Scientific Methods Part 1 Pages 3-11

2. 1. What makes something alive?
Standard
1.1
___ Identify what is science, what clearly is not science, and what superficially resembles science
Essential Questions
1. What makes something alive?

3. I. What is Biology? life Biology = the study of _____
For an organism to be considered _________, it must possess certain _________________
alive
characteristics

4. A. Characteristics of Living Things
cells
1. All living things are made up of _______
Foot fungus cells
Red blood cells
Plant Cells

5. Cell = a collection of living ________ enclosed by a barrier that separates the cell from its ____________
A cell is the smallest unit of _________ considered to be _____
Creatures with only one cell are called ____________ while creatures with more than one cell are called ____________
matter
environment
matter
alive
unicellular
multi-cellular

6. Unicellular or Multi-Cellular????
unicellular plankton
multi-cellular flower
unicellular gut bacteria
multi-cellular bird

7. 2. All living things _____________
Sexual Reproduction = creating a new __________ from cells of ___ different ________
e.g.
reproduce
organism 2
parents
humans, fish, plants, lions, etc.

8. Asexual Reproduction = creating a new __________ from only ____ parent
e.g.
organism
one
Hydra (budding); most unicellular organisms

9. 3. All living things are based on a _________ code (____)
Organisms created by __________reproduction are identical to the single parent. They have the same _______ or genetic code.
Organisms created by _______reproduction are similar to ______ parents because the offspring have DNA from each parent.
genetic
DNA
asexual
DNA
sexual
both

10. grow
4. All living things ______ and ________
Unicellular organisms typically only ______ in size whereas multi-cellular organisms grow and _________
Differentiation = the process of development where a single cell will ____________ and the groups of cell will take on different _______ in the body
e.g.
develop
grow
develop
multiply
jobs
Nerve cells, brain cells, etc.

11. Q. Do unicellular organisms grow and develop?
Unicellular organisms only grow
Q. Do multi-cellular organisms grow and develop?
A. Multi-cellular organisms both grow and develop.

13. 5. All living things need sources of _______
Energy is needed to complete many of life’s __________
e.g.
What is the ultimate source of energy for life on Earth? ____________
energy
functions
Cellular respiration (all organisms) / Photosynthesis (plants)
the sun

14. Metabolism = the series of __________ to build or break materials in order to obtain ___________ necessary for life ___________
e.g.
reactions
energy
functions
Eat food → broken down for energy (humans, animals, etc.)

15. 6. All living things __________ to their environment
Stimulus = any signal to which an organism can respond
Stimuli can either external or __________
e.g.
respond
internal
sun to plants → grow (external) / low blood sugar → hunger → eat (internal)

16. body temperature / heart rate /
7. All living things maintain _______________
Homeostasis = the ability of an organism to keep a ________ internal environment
e.g.
homeostasis
stable
body temperature / heart rate /
sugar level

17. 8. As a group, living things __________
Evolution = the change of an organism over _____ in order to adapt to a ___________ environment and _________
e.g.
change
time
changing
survive
giraffe necks

18. B. Hierarchy of Biology Biologists can group systems and organisms
to study or ____________ progressively
from the simple to the most ________
investigate
complex

19. 2. Atom = the basic unit of _______ e.g.
1. Subatomic Particles = _________, neutrons, and electrons that make up atoms
2. Atom = the basic unit of _______
e.g.
3. Molecule = a group of atoms that is the smallest unit of chemical ___________
4. Organelle = groups of molecules that perform the same tasks make up the different parts of a ____
protons
matter
oxygen atom, hydrogen atom
compounds
water, DNA, proteins, salt
cell
nucleus, cell membrane, mitochondria

20. smooth tissue, connective tissue
4. Cell = smallest living piece of __________
e.g.
5. Tissues = groups of similar cells that perform the same ___________
6. Organ = groups of _________ that perform similar functions
matter
nerve cell, liver cell
function
smooth tissue, connective tissue
tissues
brain, heart

21. digestive, circulatory
7. Organ System = groups of ________ that perform similar functions
e.g.
8. Organism = an individual living ______ that has multiple and interacting organ systems
9. Population = groups of __________ that live in the same ______
organs
digestive, circulatory
being
plant, person, worm
organisms
area
students at Sandalwood / herd of cows /
flock of sheep

22. 10. Community = different ___________ that live in a defined area i.e.
11. Ecosystem (Biome) = the community plus all the ___________ parts (climate)
12. Biosphere = all ecosystems on _________
populations
Jax. Beach = surfers, turtles, fish, seaweed, etc.
non-living
tundra, rainforest, savanna
Earth