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Experience in Publishing SSCI Journal Articles

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1 Experience in Publishing SSCI Journal Articles
Eldon Y. Li University Chair Professor Department of MIS National Chengchi University *** All right reserved. Video or audio recording is prohibited. Reference to this document should be made as follows: Li, E.Y. “Experience in Publishing SSCI Journal Articles,” unpublished lecture, National Chengchi University, *** Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

2 Agenda About me SSCI journals and impact factor
The types of research projects What makes a good paper? The structure of a good paper The workflow of publishing The common mistakes The recommendations Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

3 About Me Eldon Y. Li is a university chair professor and former department chair of MIS at National Chengchi University, an adjunct chair professor of Asia University in Taiwan, and a former professor and coordinator of the MIS program at College of Business, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California, USA. He was the dean of College of Informatics and the director of Graduate Institute of Social Informatics at Yuan Ze University in Taiwan, as well as professor and founding director at the Graduate Institute of Information Management at the National Chung Cheng University in Chia-Yi, Taiwan. He received his PhD from Texas Tech University in He is the editor-in-chief of several international journals. He has published more than 250 papers in various topics related to innovation and technology management, human factors in information technology (IT), strategic IT planning, software quality management, and information systems management. His papers appear in Journal of Management Information Systems, Research Policy, Communications of the ACM, Internet Research, Expert Systems with Applications, Computers & Education, Decision Support Systems, Information & Management, International Journal of Medical Informatics, Organization, among others. Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

4 SSCI and SCI Journals ISI (Institute for Scientific Information)
Thomson’s SCI/SCIE: Began in 1945 SCI includes 3737 journals (2017) SCIE includes 8927 journals (2017) SSCI: Began in 1956 includes 3272 journals (2017) AHCI: Began in 1975 includes 1787 journals (2017) Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

5 SSCI Journals and Impact Factor
Copyright (c) E.Y.Li Source: M. Amin & M. Mabe, “Impact Factors: Use and Abuse,” Perspectives in Publishing, No. 1, October 2000, pp. 1-6. 2018/9/18

6 SSCI Journals and Impact Factor
Impact Factor 2016 (e.g., MISQ) Cites in 2016 to articles published in 2015 = 235 Cites in 2016 to articles published in 2014 = 470 Number of articles published in 2015 = 43 Number of articles published in 2014 = 54 Cites to recent articles I-Factor = = = Number of recent articles Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

7 SSCI Journals and Impact Factor
Immediacy Index 2016 (e.g., MISQ) Cites in 2016 to articles published in 2016 = 19 Number of articles published in 2016 = 38 Cites to current articles I-Index = = = Number of current articles Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

8 SSCI Journals and Impact Factor
The cited half-life is a measure of the rate of decline of the citation curve. It is the number of years that the number of current citations takes to decline to 50% of its initial value (the cited half-life is 6 years in the example given in the Figure 1). It is a measure of how long articles in a journal continue to be cited after publication. MISQ Year 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006-All # Cites from 2016 19 235 470 651 1,031 864 672 658 401 764 8,796 Cumulative % 0.13 1.74 4.97 9.44 16.52 22.46 27.07 31.59 34.35 39.59 100.00 Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

9 Journals Impact factor values
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2016 ACM Transactions on Database Systems 1.613 1.245 1.216 1.000 0.887 1.517 ACM Transactions on Information Systems 1.472 1.667 1.085 1.077 1.070 2.312 Communications of the ACM 2.646 2.346 2.353 1.919 2.511 4.027 Data & Knowledge Engineering 1.480 1.745 1.722 1.422 1.519 1.694 Decision Support Systems 1.873 2.622 2.135 1.687 2.201 3.222 Electronic Commerce Research and Applications 1.130 1.042 1.946 1.954 European Journal of Information Systems 1.202 1.200 1.767 1.500 1.558 2.819 Expert Systems with Applications 2.596 2.908 1.924 2.203 1.854 3.928 Government Information Quarterly 1.910 2.098 1.878 1.425 4.090 IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management 1.156 1.248 1.344 0.958 0.893 1.188  IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering 2.236 2.285 1.847 1.657 1.892 3.438 INFOR 0.324 0.738 0.318 0.295 0.395 0.189 Information and Software Technology 1.821 1.527 1.250 1.522 2.694  Information Processing & Management 1.852 1.783 1.673 1.119 0.817 2.391 Information Processing Letters 0.706 0.764 0.612 0.455 0.488 0.748 Information Retrieval 0.696 1.841 1.327 0.914 0.630 0.791 Information Science 3.095 3.291 2.836 2.833 3.643 4.832 Information Society 1.111 1.240 1.235 1.114 1.558  Information Systems 1.660 1.966 1.595 1.198 1.768 2.777 Information & Management 2.358 2.282 2.627 2.214 1.663 3.317 Information Systems Frontiers 1.309 1.596 0.912 0.851 2.521 Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 9 2018/9/18 9

10 Journals Impact factor values
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2016 Information Systems Journal 2.375 1.419 2.184 2.067 1.381 4.122 Information Systems Management 1.242 0.765 1.029 0.578 0.352 1.298 Information Systems Research 2.261 1.792 3.358 2.146 2.010 2.763 International Journal of Electronic Commerce 1.366 1.600 0.850 1.550 1.425 3.900  International Journal of Information Management 1.043 0.723 1.554 1.532 1.843 3.872 Internet Research 0.800 0.844 1.150 1.115 1.500 2.931  Journal of Global Information Management 1.387 0.706 1.222 0.514 0.452 0.517  Journal of Information Science 1.648 1.706 1.406 1.299 1.238 1.372  Journal of Information Technology 1.966 2.049 2.907 2.321 3.532 6.953 Journal of Intelligent Information Systems 1.075 0.980 0.875 0.618 0.833 1.294 Journal of Management Information Systems 2.358 2.098 2.662 1.423 1.262 2.356 Journal of Organizational Computing and Electronic Commerce 0.531 0.552 0.793 0.344 0.429 0.579 Journal of Strategic Information Systems 1.484 2.212 2.900 1.457 3.486 Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 1.954 2.300 2.137 2.081 2.005 2.322 Journal of the Association for Information Systems 1.836 2.246 2.217 1.667 1.048 2.109 MIS Quarterly 5.183 4.485 5.041 4.447 4.659 7.268 Online Information Review 1.103 0.991 0.939 1.534  Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 10 2018/9/18 10

11 Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 11 2018/9/18 Rank
Abbreviated Journal Title (linked to journal information) ISSN Total Cites 2009 Impact Factor Immediacy Index Articles Cited Half-life 1 MIS QUART 6186 4.485 0.579 38 >10.0 2 J INFORMETR 253 3.379 0.909 33 2.1 3 ANNU REV INFORM SCI 563 2.929 1.200 10 6.9 4 J AM SOC INF SCI TEC 5167 2.300 0.379 203 8.0 5 INFORM MANAGE-AMSTER 3276 2.282 0.268 56 6.6 6 J ASSOC INF SYST 430 2.246 0.097 31 4.4 7 SCIENTOMETRICS 3508 2.167 0.328 189 6.2 8 GOV INFORM Q X 598 2.098 0.293 58 4.5 9 J MANAGE INFORM SYST 2650 0.000 8.7 J INF TECHNOL 879 2.049 0.321 28 11 INFORM SYST RES 3037 1.792 0.679 9.5 12 INFORM PROCESS MANAG 2412 1.783 0.264 53 8.5 13 J INF SCI 939 1.706 0.149 47 6.0 14 ONLINE INFORM REV 324 1.423 0.094 64 3.4 15 INFORM SYST J 1.419 0.583 24 7.2 16 INFORM TECHNOL MANAG X 73 1.222 17 INFORM SOC 603 1.111 0.125 18 INT J INFORM MANAGE 575 0.723 43 6.8 19 J GLOB INF MANAG 227 0.706 0.053 5.3 20 INFORM RES 501 0.490 0.121 5.5 Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 11 2018/9/18 11

12 Abbreviated Journal Title (linked to journal information)
Rank Abbreviated Journal Title (linked to journal information) ISSN Total Cites 2010 Impact Factor Immediacy Index Articles Cited Half-life 1 MIS QUART 7418 5.041 0.737 38 9.8 2 INFORM SYST RES 3517 3.358 0.241 54 9.5 3 J AM MED INFORM ASSN 3604 3.078 0.591 115 5.8 4 J INF TECHNOL 1083 2.907 0.786 28 6.7 5 J MANAGE INFORM SYST 3079 2.662 0.633 30 9.0 6 INFORM MANAGE-AMSTER 3273 2.627 0.238 42 6.9 7 J ASSOC INF SYST 579 2.217 0.062 32 4.2 8 INFORM SYST J 695 2.184 0.857 21 6.5 9 J AM SOC INF SCI TEC 4200 2.137 0.354 178 7.4 10 DECIS SUPPORT SYST 3225 2.135 0.252 111 5.6 11 ELECTRON COMMER R A 420 1.946 0.244 45 4.6 12 SCIENTOMETRICS 3602 1.905 0.173 226 6.4 13 GOV INFORM Q X 650 1.878 0.312 48 14 EUR J INFORM SYST X 1070 1.767 0.326 43 5.7 15 INFORM PROCESS MANAG 1934 1.673 0.411 56 7.2 16 INFORM SYST FRONT 461 1.596 0.130 46 17 INFORM SYST 865 1.595 0.380 50 6.6 18 INT J INFORM MANAGE 859 1.554 0.220 59 19 J INF SCI 921 1.406 0.180 6.2 20 INFORM SOC 615 1.240 0.000 27 SOC SCI COMPUT REV 550 0.913 0.194 31 7.3 22 INFORM RES 429 0.822 0.125 5.2 Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 12 2018/9/18 12

13 Abbreviated Journal Title (linked to journal information)
Rank Abbreviated Journal Title (linked to journal information) ISSN Total Cites 2011 Impact Factor 5-year Impact Factor Immediacy Index Articles Cited Half-life 1 MIS QUART 6761 4.447 7.497 0.7 50 >10.0 2 J INFORMETR 709 4.229 3.944 1.098 61 3 J AM MED INFORM ASSN 4071 3.609 4.329 0.706 153 5.5 4 ANNU REV INFORM SCI 462 2.955 2.984 1.182 11 7.9 5 J INF TECHNOL 967 2.321 0.789 19 7 6 INT J COMP-SUPP COLL 302 2.243 0.571 28 3.8 INFORM MANAGE-AMSTER 3282 2.214 3.796 0.114 44 7.5 8 INFORM SYST RES 3286 2.146 4.131 0.234 47 9.9 9 J AM SOC INF SCI TEC 4295 2.081 2.113 0.425 186 6.9 10 INFORM SYST J 694 2.067 2.775 1.143 21 6.5 SCIENTOMETRICS 4048 1.966 2.443 0.378 217 5.9 12 MIS Q EXEC 234 1.743 0.125 16 4.5 13 J ASSOC INF SYST 620 1.667 2.654 0.071 4.8 14 INT J INFORM MANAGE 862 1.532 1.764 0.21 62 6.3 15 EUR J INFORM SYST X 972 1.5 2.218 0.093 43 5.7 J STRATEGIC INF SYST 652 1.457 0.207 29 9.1 17 GOV INFORM Q X 585 1.425 1.662 0.327 52 4.7 18 J MANAGE INFORM SYST 2530 1.423 2.945 0.05 40 9.4 J INF SCI 807 1.299 1.686 0.157 51 20 J KNOWL MANAG 1072 1.248 0.158 57 7.1 INFORM SOC 623 1.235 1.576 22 INFORM PROCESS MANAG 1647 1.119 1.443 0.25 64 7.8 23 SOC SCI COMPUT REV 560 1.075 1.166 0.257 35 7.6 Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 13 2018/9/18 13

14 Abbreviated Journal Title (linked to journal information)
Rank Abbreviated Journal Title (linked to journal information) ISSN Total Cites 2012 Impact Factor 5-year Impact Factor Immediacy Index Articles Cited Half-life 1 MIS QUART 7277 4.659 7.474 0.705 61 9.9 2 J INFORMETR 943 4.153 3.987 0.771 70 2.6 3 J AM MED INFORM ASSN 5012 3.571 3.959 0.925 186 6.2 4 J INF TECHNOL 1165 3.532 3.801 1.263 19 6.5 5 INFORM TECHNOL MANAG X 247 3.025 2.261 0.226 31 2.1 6 ANNU REV INFORM SCI 380 2.174 2.590 8.0 7 SCIENTOMETRICS 4555 2.133 2.207 0.449 254 8 INFORM SYST RES 3443 2.010 3.638 0.446 74 >10.0 9 J AM SOC INF SCI TEC 4613 2.005 2.159 0.321 184 6.8 10 GOV INFORM Q X 835 1.910 2.263 0.493 71 4.5 11 INT J INFORM MANAGE 970 1.843 1.898 0.086 58 6.0 12 INFORM MANAGE-AMSTER 3091 1.663 3.178 0.083 36 8.3 13 EUR J INFORM SYST X 1268 1.558 2.422 0.421 38 6.3 14 J STRATEGIC INF SYST 743 1.500 2.433 0.550 20 8.9 15 J KNOWL MANAG 1392 1.474 0.179 56 7.3 16 INFORM SYST J 696 1.381 2.376 1.238 21 7.2 17 J MANAGE INFORM SYST 2645 1.262 2.780 0.033 30 9.8 18 INFORM SOC 561 1.114 1.389 0.211 8.5 J ASSOC INF SYST 751 1.048 2.766 0.292 24 5.7 J GLOB INF TECH MAN X 117 0.917 0.000 6.4 INFORM PROCESS MANAG 1681 0.817 1.388 0.210 81 8.1 22 INFORM RES 400 0.520 0.677 6.1 23 J GLOB INF MANAG 335 0.452 1.179 0.071 7.6 Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 14 2018/9/18 14

15 https://goo.gl/jTZg4K Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 15 2018/9/18 Rank
FULL JOURNAL TITLE Total Cites Journal Impact Factor 2016 1 MIS QUARTERLY 14,561 7.268 2 JOURNAL OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 2,515 6.953 3 INFORMATION SYSTEMS JOURNAL 1,416 4.122 4 JOURNAL OF COMPUTER-MEDIATED COMMUNICATION 4,011 4.113 5 GOVERNMENT INFORMATION QUARTERLY 2,719 4.090 6 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFORMATION MANAGEMENT 3,087 3.872 7 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL INFORMATICS ASSOCIATION 7,655 3.698 8 JOURNAL OF STRATEGIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS 1,580 3.486 9 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER-SUPPORTED COLLABORATIVE LEARNING 656 3.469 10 TELEMATICS AND INFORMATICS 1,104 3.398 11 INFORMATION & MANAGEMENT 5,783 3.317 12 JOURNAL OF INFORMETRICS 2,067 2.920 13 EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS 2,395 2.819 14 INFORMATION SYSTEMS RESEARCH 6,257 2.763 15 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SCIENCE 4,276 2.502 16 INFORMATION PROCESSING & MANAGEMENT 3,067 2.391 17 JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS 4,456 2.356 18 JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 978 2.322 19 RESEARCH EVALUATION 919 2.312 20 SOCIAL SCIENCE COMPUTER REVIEW 1,263 2.293 21 SCIENTOMETRICS 7,831 2.147 22 JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR INFORMATION SYSTEMS 1,702 2.109 23 INFORMATION AND ORGANIZATION 515 2.083 24 JOURNAL OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT 2,774 2.053 Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 15 2018/9/18 15

16 The Types of Research Projects by Paradigm
Positivist research (實證性研究) – Test theory to increase the predictive understanding of phenomena. (ref. Confirmatory research) Interpretive research (詮釋性研究) – Understand phenomena through the meanings that people assign to them and does not predefine dependent and independent variables (ref. Exploratory research) Critical research (批判性研究) – Focuses on the oppositions, conflicts and contradictions in contemporary society, and seeks to think outside the box. Source: Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

17 The Types of Research Projects by Process
Inductive research (歸納性研究) – derive from a posteriori specific facts or instances into general principles Deductive research (演繹性研究) – reason from a priori general premises into specific facts or instances Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

18 The Types of Research Projects by Output
System research Design research Theory (Concept) building research Model building research Methodological research Informational (descriptive) research Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

19 Theory Building Models and Wheel of Science
Inductive logic Evidence based Theories Theory based Deductive logic Concepts Deductive theory building Functional theory building Empirical generalizations Hypotheses Model-based theory building Inductive theory building Observations Source: Marx, Melvin H. “The General Nature of Theory Construction,” in Melvin H. Marx, Ed., Theories in Contemporary Psychology, New York: Macmillan , 1965, pp Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

20 The Types of Research Projects by Method
Qualitative methods Quantitative methods Literature reviews Case studies Action research method Focus group Delphi method Ethnographic method Grounded theory Meta research Interviews/ Critical incident analysis Content analysis/ Text mining Empirical method Experimental method Analytical method Survey / Statistics Database (CRSP, COMPUSTAT) Informetrics Experiment Simulation / Prototype Neural network Stochastic methods Mathematical solution Optimization Proof Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

21 The Types of Research Projects by Output and Process
System Research Observations Problems Propose systems Construct systems Validate systems Evaluate systems Conclusions Design Research Design needs Propose designs Build designs Validate designs Evaluate designs Conclusions Theory Building Research Phenomena Literature reviews Propose theory/concept Propose models Propose propositions Justify propositions Conclusions Model Building Research Problems Literature reviews Propose model Propose hypotheses Collect and validate data Test hypotheses Conclusions Deduction Induction Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

22 The Types of Research Projects by Scholarship
Discovery research (exploratory) Application research (confirmatory) Integration research Teaching research Source: Boyer, Ernest L., Scholarship Reconsidered: Priorities of the Professoriate, by San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, Inc., ( President of The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, 51 Vista Lane, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

23 The Types of Research Projects by Analysis
Independent analysis Comparative analysis Longitudinal analysis Meta analysis Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

24 Independent CMM Practice Assessment
Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

25 Comparative CMM Practice Assessment
Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

26 Longitudinal CMM Practice Assessment
Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

27 Meta-Analysis of Recall Rate, 1957
Weiss-Margolius 1954 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Gibson 1942 Belmon-Birch 1951 Underwood-Richarson 1955 Williams 1950 Williams 1950 Percent of Recall Johnson 1939 Underwood 1953 Krueger 1929 Lester 1932 Cheng 1929 Hovland 1940 Luh 1922 Youtz 1941 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 Number of Previous Lists Source: Underwood, B.J. “Interference and Forgetting,” Psychological Review, 64, 1957, pp Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

28 Meta-Analysis of Average Importance Ratings
IS Personnel's Avg. Importance Ratings User Personnel's Avg. Importance Ratings Pooled Average Importance Ratingsa Item Staff Mgr. IS Per. User Per. No. Description of Item (N=37) (N=109) (N=40) (N=29) (N=146) (N=69) 1 Top management involvement 2.35 1.96 2.50 1.38 2.06 2.03 2 Competition between CBIS and non-CBIS units = 0.29 0.31 3 Allocation priorities for CBIS resources 0.97 1.55 1.50 1.59 1.40 1.54 4 Chargeback method of payment for services -0.46 0.14 a The ratings are from the IS staff in Montazemi's [13, p. 248] study using 35 ISS items. b The ratings are from the IS managers in this study using 39 of the 46 ISS items. c The ratings of are from the user staff in Montazemi's [13, p. 248] study using 35 ISS items. d The ratings are from the middle managers of IS users in Pearson's [16, p. 174] study using 39 ISS items. Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

29 What Makes a Good Paper? Novel problem New perspective
Innovative model Disciplined methods Rich data Rigorous effort Eloquent writing style

30 How to write a good paper?
Problems and contexts - write what the readers see Research contributions - write what the journal likes Writing style - write in the journal style Validity - write to justify Rigor - write to show your effort and know how Generalizability - write for the real world Common Mistakes Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

31 Recess Q & A Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

32 Writing a good paper Management Field (25)* Abstract (1)
Introduction and research questions (3) Research purpose (1) Research model (2) Literature reviews (4) Methodology (2) Analysis and results (3) Discussion and implications (4) Conclusions and recommendations (3) Limitations and future research (2) Science & Engineering Introduction Research purpose Research model and method Analysis and results Conclusions * Excluding figures and tables. Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

33 The Workflow of Publishing
The research project process The publication process Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

34 The research project process
Observation Identify weakness Innovation/Idea Dormancy Evaluation Execution Composition Revisions Publishing Intelligence Design Choice Implementation Reviews Feedback Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

35 The publication process
Identify reviewers (0-1 mo) Submit paper for reviews (3-12 mo) Respond to reviewers’ comments (1-6 mo) Revise the paper (1-3 mo) Resubmit the paper for reviews (1-3 mo) Format the paper (0-1 mo) Typeset the paper (1-3 mo) Proofread the galley pages (0-1 mo) See the paper in print (6-18 mo) 1 to 3 years Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

36 The Common Mistakes Title – catchy and capturing essence
Abstract – persuasive and concise Paper body – size, structure, and flow Copycat or problem is too trivial Citations look like a laundry list, e.g., [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] No theoretical or conceptual foundation/contribution Analysis – no data validation, wrong methods Managerial implications – practitioner sense, not academics Grammatical and spelling errors – use a technical editor to edit your paper Procrastinate revisions – lost the timeliness Small sample size – impossible to revise Responses to reviewers’ comments – respect the reviewers Recomm Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

37 Dimensions of Contribution
Problem Context Unit Paradigm / Theory / Concept Model Construct Ontology Method Data (number / text) Time How To 2018/9/18 Copyright (c) E.Y.Li

38 Abstract What is the problem? Why it is important?
How did you solve it? What have you found? What do you recommend? Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

39 Structured Abstract Purpose Design/methodology/approach Findings
Writing Purpose Design/methodology/approach Findings Research limitations/implications Practical implications Social implications Originality/value Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

40 Introduction Writing What is the current “worldwide” condition related to your topic? What are the problems/research gaps? Why it is important to overcome the problems/research gaps? What do you plan to do? What is the organization of your paper? Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

41 Research Purposes Define the scope of your paper
Writing Define the scope of your paper E.g., This paper attempts to investigate …. Itemize the purposes of your research. E.g., The purposes of this paper are to: (1) survey …., (2) report …., (3) compare ….

42 Core Concepts (Constructs)
Research Model Writing Linkage Between Constructs (Ontology) Core Concepts (Constructs) Reinforced Changed Same Incremental Innovation Replicate results for the focal relationship(s) in a new context Extend by adding peripheral construct(s) Modular Innovation Define, measure, or analyze one or more core constructs in a new way Different Architectural Innovation Examine a new situation or context in which the nature of the focal relationship(s) may be different Examine the role of a new construct that may moderate the nature of the focal relationship(s) Radical Innovation Introduce a new conceptualization that replaces and changes how we think of the old construct(s) and relationship(s) Source: Voss, G.B. Formulating interesting research questions. Academy of Marketing Science. Journal, 31(3), Summer 2003, pp Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

43 Architectural Innovation
Model Behavioral beliefs Attitude toward the behavior Normative beliefs Subjective norm Intention Behavior Control beliefs Perceived behavioral control Actual behavioral control Source:

44 Radical Innovation Model Information synergy IT capability
Information dissemination IT knowledge Information synergy Information responsiveness IT operations H1 IT capability H2 Shared interpretation IT objects H3 Innovativeness Product Process Personnel Service Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

45 Literature Reviews Top journal articles Research Purpose Construct C
B Construct D Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

46 Literature Reviews Describe
Which citation? What method? What data? What major findings? Example IS success: Li (1997) surveyed 400 IS managers and collected 123 usable samples. He revealed that ……, and that ……. DeLone and McLean (2003) ……………… Behavioral intention: Davis (1989) ……………………… Ajzen (1991) ……………. Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

47 Summarize citations, purpose, subjects, constructs, findings
Literature Reviews Summarize citations, purpose, subjects, constructs, findings Citation Sample OCB dimensions Effectiveness operationalized Findings (direction of significant correlation)a Dunlop & Lee [19] 36 fast food restaurants in Australia OCB directed toward organization (OCBO) Supervisor rating of business unit performance (BP) Counter service time (CT) Drive through service time (DT) Unexplained food figures (UF) OCBOBP (+) OCBOCT (ns) OCBODT (ns) OCBOUF (ns) Ehrhart, Bliese, & Thomas [20] 2403 soldiers in 31 military units Helping behavior at unit-level Combat readiness (CR) Physical fitness (PF) Award rate (AR) M16 range scores (MR) HelpingCR (ns) HelpingPF (+) HelpingAR (+) HelpingMR (+) Koys [35] 28 stores in regional restaurant chain Aggregated OCB Customer satisfaction (CS) Profitability after controllable expenses (PF) OCBCS (+) OCBPF (+) Podsakoff & MacKenzie [55] 116 insurance agency units Helping Civic virtue (CV) Sportsmanship (Sport) A: Index of sales performance (SP) HelpingSP (-) CVSP (+) SportSP (+) Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

48 Synthesize - Constructs
Literature Reviews Synthesize - Constructs Research variable No. of items Sources IT competency** IT knowledge IT operations IT objects 15 Tippins and Sohi, 2003 [62] Information synergy* Information dissemination 3 Tippins and Sohi, 2003 [62]; Information responsiveness 4 Gefen and Ridings, 2002 [25] Ridings, 2002 [45] Shared interpretation 2 Innovativeness* Product Garcia and Calantone, 2002[24] Subramanian and Nilakanta, 1996[57] Totterdell, et al., 2002[63] Process 5 Garcia and Calantone, 2002[24] Subramanian and Nilakanta, 1996[57] Personnel Totterdell, et al., 2002[63] Service Garcia and Calantone, 2002[24] *Components are newly constructed and questionnaire items are adapted from different sources. **Questionnaire items are mainly adopted from Tippins and Sohi [42] Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

49 Literature Reviews Synthesize - Linkages Copyright (c) E.Y.Li
Source: DeLone, W.H. and McLean, E. R. “The DeLone and McLean Model of Information Systems Success: A Ten-Year Update,” Journal of Management Information Systems, Spring 2003, Vol. 19, No. 4, pp. 9–30.. Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

50 Methodology Subjects Measurement/questionnaire Pilot study Procedure
Writing Subjects What are your sample subjects? Why do you choose these subjects? How did you collect the data? Why do you choose the way you do it? What is the profile of your population and samples? Measurement/questionnaire What is your measurement instrument? How did you design it? What are the sources of your measurement? Pilot study How do you conduct pilot test? How do you modify your instrument? How do you know it is reliable and valid. Procedure How will you analyze the data? Why did you choose these methods? What is the sequence of analyses? Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

51 Quantitative Analysis (1)
Data representativeness Survey data Removal of outliers Handling missing values Population representation Non-response bias Common method bias Reliability Validities Simulation data Steady state Randomness Probability distributions Program/model correctness Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

52 Quantitative Analysis (2)
Popular Statistical methods Parametric methods Correlation analysis; Regression analysis Independent t-tests Paired t-tests ANOVA MANOVA Exploratory and confirmatory Factor analyses Cluster analysis Structural equation model (SEM)/LISREL/AMOS Hierarchical linear model (HLM) Non-parametric methods (N<30) Spearman Rho; Kendall Tau; Chi-square test Man-Whitney test; Wilcoxon’s rank sum test Wilcoxon’s sign rank test; McNemar's Chi-square test Kruskal-Wallis analysis of ranks; Median test Friedman's two-way analysis of variance Partial least square (PLS) Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

53 Quantitative Analysis (3)
Commonly Used Statistical Tests Purpose of test Normal-distribution-based test Corresponding nonparametric test Compares two independent samples t test for independent samples Mann-Whitney U test; Wilcoxon rank-sum test Examines a set of differences Paired t test Wilcoxon matched pairs signed-rank test Assesses the linear association between two variables. Pearson correlation coefficient Spearman rank correlation coefficient; Kendall Tau; Chi-square test Compares three or more groups One way analysis of variance (F test) Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance by ranks; Median test Compares groups classified by two different factors Two way analysis of variance Friedman Two Way analysis of variance Commonly Used Statistical Tests Purpose of test Normal-distribution-based test Corresponding nonparametric test Compares two independent samples Examines a set of differences Assesses the linear association between two variables. Compares three or more groups Compares groups classified by two different factors Source: Adapted from Dallal, G.E. (2000) “Nonparametric Statistics,” Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

54 Presenting Results Summarize your results in a table.
Writing Summarize your results in a table. Do not put too much data in a diagram; put them in a table. Let the table or figure worth a thousand words. Be brilliant in creating a table or figure. Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 54 2018/9/18 54

55 Discussion and Implications
Writing Discuss each finding, be it positive or negative. Compare it to the existing literature. What does the finding imply? Explain the finding as a phenomenon in our life. Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

56 Conclusions & Recommendations
Writing Re-iterate the importance of your study. Synthesize your findings. Based on your findings and implications, what would you recommend for both researchers and practitioners to do in the future? If possible, describe a “best practice scenario”. Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

57 Limitations & Future Research
Writing Sample bias. Self-reporting bias. Common method bias. Cultural differences. Gender and age differences. Time dependency (cross-sectional). Not included variables. Not answered research questions. Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

58 Paper Body Avoid piecemealed sections
Common Avoid piecemealed sections Adhere to the size (word count) limit Delete unimportant sections Eliminate repeated sentences Always include “Recommendations for Practice” or “Implications for Management” section Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

59 Responses to reviewers’ comments
Avoid descriptive “All in One” response. Use the following format: Reviewer #1 Comment #1: (Repeat first comment) Response: (State how you take it) Action: (State how you deal with it) Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

60 Reviewer #2: Comment #1: “The case itself reads rather like a Masters project. There is little in it…….” RESPONSE: This case is not a Master thesis, it is a consulting project. We have never seen a planning framework like ours in the literature. We believe that with your constructive comments and our revisions, it has significant contribution to the existing literature. ACTION: None. Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

61 Comment #2: "....There is no evidence that the strategic plan provided value. No alternatives appear to have been considered.“ RESPONSE: The value of a strategic plan in itself is intangible and cannot be quantified. However, if some of the recommended application systems in the planning document are implemented and continuously used by the users, we would know that it provided value to the ABC bank. As indicated in the original paper (see "Step 6: Conclude the Project"), three of our recommended application systems were subsequently put in place three months after we concluded the planning project. Furthermore, I spoke informally with the bank's CEO recently and he told me the users have been “very happy” about the implemented systems. As for providing alternative plan, it is not a normal practice at the strategic level of IS plan, especially in a limited project time. We agree that if we were designing a system, we would need to provide alternatives because there are more than one way to implement a system. Furthermore, a strategic IS plan must link with the business plan. During the strategic planning process, we have constant input from the bank through its representatives in the planning team on the "no-technical" matters. This ensure the planning outputs closely adhere to the business plan. Since there was only one business plan at the ABC bank and one set of planning output requested by the CEO, we provided only one strategic IS plan. In fact, the content of our planning outputs does not dictate the way ABC bank implement the plan. It is very flexible and ABC can formulate various implementation plans according to our planning output. ACTION: A paragraph has been added in the “Conclusion and Recommendation” section indicating that the users are satisfied with the implemented systems. The paragraph states: "The users, both managers and staff, have been very satisfied with the implemented systems. These systems have improved not only the processes of top management's decision making and resource allocation but also the quality of customer service. All these help attract more customers to use the bank's services." Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

62 Recommendations Record and review your ideas Fill up your pipeline
Know what the journal wants (criteria, style) Start with lower-tier SCI journal Track the submission progress Turn conference papers into journal papers Need to train yourself (single author) Work together, not alone Consult with top researcher Learn how to write Know the editors Know the acceptance rate of the journal Find the journals that need papers Try to cite the target journal in your paper Cod of ethics: (self) plagiarism, double dips, fake data and information, etc. Where there is a will, there is a way Q&A Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

63 CACM Review Criteria General interest articles (3,000 words maximum) cover material of substance and emphasize concepts and principles. An article sets the background, defines fundamental concepts, compares alternate approaches, and explains the significance or application of a particular technology or result by means of well-reasoned text and pertinent graphical material (3 figures and 3 tables maximum). Reference lists (12 references maximum) should indicate the most significant items supporting and substantiating the article; all listed references must be cited within the text of the article. Submissions in this category are reviewed for 1) technical accuracy, 2) importance to the field, 3) appropriateness to the audience, and 4) effectiveness of style and presentation. Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

64 TQMJ/IJEB Review Criteria
Recomm This paper is based on rigorous academic standards. This paper is presented in a format which is accessible by practitioners. It focuses on justification, results and implementation; has readable style; technical material is in appendix. The paper has clarity of presentation. It is well organised, clearly written. The paper makes a significant contribution to the body of knowledge related to this Journal. It is highly significant, breaks new ground, and provides a foundation for future research. The topic of this paper is relevant, timely, and of interest to the audience of this journal. The rationale for the paper is well grounded. It is based on a known theory or on an interesting issue. The research methodology for the study is appropriate and applied properly. The material of this paper is technically accurate and sound. If this paper is a survey, it provides strong evidence of reliability and validity of the constructs. Discussion of the results is based on analysis of data; results aren't overstated or overgeneralized Implications and recommendations for management are relevant and useful. Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

65 Prof. Dr. Gao’s Submission Log
Annals of Operations Research (“Follow-up evaluation of the performance of Taiwan forests after reorganization”) Rejection J. Operational Research Society Recommend sending to OR Insight European J. Operational Research (“Evaluation of efficiency changes: a case of Taiwan forests”) Revision (give up) Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

66 4. 1996.02.12 J. Environmental Management
(“Follow-up evaluation of the performance of Taiwan forests after reorganization”) Rejection Omega, Int. J. Management Science (“Data envelopment analysis for measuring efficiency changes: a case of Taiwan forests” ) Revision (1st) Revision (2nd) Revision (3rd) Revision (4th) Revision (5th) Revision (6th) Rejection Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

67 Where there is a good paper, there is a journal (to publish) !
Forest Science (“Measuring the performance improvement of Taiwan forests after reorganization”) Revision Acceptance Where there is a good paper, there is a journal (to publish) ! Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18

68 Potential Starting Journals
(IJEB) International Journal of Electronic Business – Inderscience, UK (IJICS) International Journal of Information and Computer Security – Inderscience, UK (IJISAM) International Journal of Information Systems and Management – Inderscience, UK (IJIEM) International Journal of Internet and Enterprise Management – Inderscience, UK (IJIMA) International Journal of Internet Marketing and Advertising – Inderscience, UK (IJTPL) International Journal of Technology Policy and Law – Inderscience, UK (JBM) Journal of Business and Management – WDSI, USA

69 Experience in Publishing SSCI Journals
ABSTRACT Publishing papers in SSCI journals is a time demanding task for social scientists. It requires much more writing effort than publishing papers in science and engineering journals. This lecture introduces the types of research projects for journal papers and share the experience in publishing them in SSCI journals. The components of a good SSCI paper are discussed and elucidated. Common mistakes and recommendations are identified from the perspective of an author as well as an editor.

70 Q & A Copyright (c) E.Y.Li 2018/9/18


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