1. Presented by :VINISHA HARWARA
Project – We Like
Presentation For VIVA
Presented by :VINISHA HARWARA
User ID : HPGD/OC15/2801

2. We Tube

3. Anger management
- Prof. RM. Sarvanan

4. What is Anger? Why Anger? 7 types of anger
It’s an extreme dis pleasure.
Anger is potent energy. The more we observe ‘anger’, it makes one think that, human beings are so unique and creative in expressing their anger.
Why Anger?
When expectation and reality doesn't match, it comes out as anger.
7 types of anger
Anger, Due to lack of energy.
Anger, due to expectations of instant results.
Anger, when one’s ego is hurt.
Anger, when one’s heart is hurt.
Anger is not able to manage the irritants of life.
Good anger (Social anger).
Useless Anger

5. How to manage anger? How to channelize?
we should not try to control our anger, but we must channelize our anger for higher purposes. A simple would be to build awareness, because, the more we become aware, the more the possibility of we conquering anger.
How to channelize?
Let us accept the outcome. The moment we accept, peace returns. And with peace, one can move forward with ease to solve the issue.
Let us be aware of our anger. Let us also be aware of the cause of our anger. If we don’t know the cause we can never correct or channelize it.
Let us be aware that everybody lives and works for their own reason. Let us drop the ‘over’ expectation, we have from others.
Let us be aware that we have 2 choices in every situation.
Focus on ‘ what is in my control’ and don’t bother much about ‘what is not in my control’

6. Channelize the anger through the following ways
Acceptance
Self – awareness
Realization that ‘everyone lives and work for themselves’ and drop the over expectation.
Exercise the higher choice.
Focus on ‘what is in my control’
Creative solutions
Most Important
Anger leads to lot of hurt.
During any ‘Hurt’ we have the power to exercise anyone of the 3 choices :
Low morale and Inaction
Process hatredness and rebel, agitate and fight
Convert hurt into growth
Anger has power and let us not waste it for a wrong reason. No one better than Mahatma Gandhi has said this so beautifully
“ I have learned through bitter experience the one supreme lesson to converse my anger, and as heat conserved is transmitted into energy, even so our anger controlled can be transmitted into a power that can move the world.

7. 2. Type of E-Business
- Prof. Alok Jha

8. The e-commerce process includes:
What is E- Business?
E-commerce (short for "electronic commerce") is trading in products or services using computer networks, such as the Internet.
Electronic commerce draws on technologies such as mobile commerce, electronic funds transfer, supply chain management, Internet marketing, online transaction processing, electronic data interchange (EDI), inventory management systems, and automated data collection systems.
Modern electronic commerce typically uses the World Wide Web for at least one part of the transaction's life cycle, although it may also use other technologies such as .
The e-commerce process includes:
Electronic presentation of goods and services
Online order taking and bill presentment
Automated customer account inquiries
Online payment and transaction handling.

9. E- Business
Any business that involves internet as a platform to inform and promote for a business.
Any business that communicates to consumers using the internet.
Types of E- businesses
Informative : corporate websites, educational institute websites etc
Business : Essentially E- commerce
Social platform : facebook, twitter etc.
Business – Broad categorization
B2B – Business to business
B2C – Business to consumer
C2C – Consumer to consumer
C2B – Consumer to business

10. We need this differentiation as
Customers are different
Different customers have different needs
Different people have different skill sets to run different kind of businesses
Each business have their select customer base.
Another Way to look At E-Commerce
Physical / tangible Goods
From pins to television
Digital Goods
Movie / Music downloads, wallpapers, e-books etc.
Services
Billpay, travel ticketing, insurance premium etc.
Companies in E- commerce space use either or a mix of all or some
Eg. 1. Ebay.com to tradus.com
2. Hungama.com
3. Billdesk.com

11. 3. Tips for effective public
Speaking
- Prof. Amit Mankani

12. Overcoming stage fear Plan and prepare
Everybody is nervous to begin with
Give yourself time to adjust to the environment.
Keep your nerves.
It is ok if you make mistakes but don’t make them obvious.
Smile
Move around and use the stage.
Believe you are the best.
Plan and prepare
Research the topic well.
Be convinced about the topic/subject.
Plan what you are going to speak.
Try to get some information about your audience.
Plan how you are going to speak.
Most important – know the objective.

13. Familiarize yourself with the venue :
If possible visit the venue before your presentation/speech.
Check all the audio – visual aids available.
If you can’t visit the venue, ensure you research and get to know about it.
Visualize yourself at the venue.
Stage setting
Reach the venue well before the audience.
Check the equipment.
Get the feel of the place/room.
Wear SMILE.
Introduce yourself first.
Introduce the topic/ purpose.
Set the expectations.
Know your audience
Get to know your audience in the first few minutes of interaction.
Share a light moment (Ice – breaker).
Have an eye contact with the audience.
Use humour wisely.

14. Body Language Grooming Use your VOICE
Maintain a positive body language.
Maintain exect posture – avoid leaning on the wall, table or anything near you.
Talk with the audience and not at them.
Be aware and alert of the body language displayed by your audience.
Grooming
Dress to kill – but not your speech.
Formal attire/professional attire.
Watch – should cling to your wrist or little loose is fine.
Wear mild fragrance.
Avoid loud accessories.
Wear a subtle make up.
Use your VOICE
V – volume.
O – Output.
I – Intonation.
C – Clarity.
E – Emphasis.

15. Use Cue cards Believe in yourself Have cue cards for reference.
Place them so, it is easy for you to refer.
Ideally the size of cue cards should not be more than 5 inches X 7 inches
Believe in yourself
Self - Belief in everything.
Believe in what you say.
Believe in what you do.
Believe in yourself for the audience to believe in you.

16. 4. Design Marketing
- Prof. Suruchi Yadav

17. What is Design?
As defined by Chris Pullman, Design is not the narrow application of formal skills,
it is a way of thinking.
What are the factors affecting product packaging and design?
Colour
Shape & Form
Cultural Connect
Emotional Connect
Aesthetics
Involvement
Authenticity
Other key elements for successful Design
Unique
Functional
Safety
Ease of Use
Promotes benefits
clear and simple to understand

18. What does product packaging lead to?
Curiosity about what is inside?
The tilt towards buying versus not buying!
Once product is liked it leads to on poring positive association.
It helps in creating a Brand !
How to create a brand?
Packaging of a product attracts the people and once product is liked it leads to an on-going positive association, which in turn creates brand.
Why Designing is Important ?
An average supermarket in US holds almost 40,000 different products.
Supermarkets are a USD 600 BN industry
All those rely heavily on Designers.

19. Strategy and story behind Design
Audience to be targeted.
Message to be transferred to targeted audience.
Image and trust of a company and product.
Individuality of a product.
Competition in the market.
Makeovers and rebirth of a product or packaging.
Makeover and rebirth of a packaging can be planned in below mentioned circumstances.
When there is change in mission statement.
whenever product is upgraded with new and improved features.
when there is functionality upgrades of a product.
Social responsibility.
What are the frame work and inputs required to create best packaging design?
Research and surveys.
Investment lay out.
Touch point.
Innovation and reengineering.
Pilot projects.

20. Learnings :
Design is the fundamental soul of a human made creation that ends up expressing itself in successive outer layers of a product or service (By Steve Jobs)
People ignore design that ignores people (By Frank Chimero)

21. 5. The big 5 personality traits
- Prof. Princey Mehta

22. Learning
Traits are consistent pattern of thoughts, feelings or action that distinguish people from one another.
It is an internal characteristic that corresponds to an extreme position on a behavioral dimension.
In psychology big 5 personality traits are five broad domains or dimension of personality that are used to describe human personality.
The theory based on big five factors is called the Five Factor Model (FFM) also know as OCEAN.
Previous trait theories suggested a various number of possible traits,  list of 4,000 personality traits.

23. Big 5 Traits
Openness to experience
Conscientiousness
Extra version
Agreeableness
Neuroticism
In brief
Extra version: This trait includes characteristics such as excitability, sociability,
talkativeness, assertiveness and high amounts of emotional expressiveness.
Agreeableness: This personality dimension includes attributes such as trust,
 kindness, affection.
Conscientiousness: Common features of this dimension include high levels of
thoughtfulness, with good impulse control and goal-directed behaviors. Those high
in conscientiousness tend to be organized and Mindful of details.

24. Openness: This trait features characteristics such as imagination and
Neuroticism: Individuals high in this trait tend to experience emotional
instability, anxiety, moodiness, irritability, and sadness.
Openness: This trait features characteristics such as imagination and
insight, and those high in this trait also tend to have a broad range of interests.
Final Thoughts
Always remember that behavior involves an interaction between a person's
underlying personality and situational variables. The situation that a person
finds himself or herself in plays a major role in how the person reacts.
However, in most cases, people offer responses that are consistent with their
underlying personality traits.

25. We Lounge

26. 1. The professional journey of Mr.Damodar Mall, CEO of Reliance Fresh
He finished his engineering in 1984.
He is an IIM, Bangalore alumni.
He has worked with well-know brands like HUL and Future Group.
He comes with over 25 years of retail experience.
Retail and consumer behaviour are areas of his passion.
He writes innovation blog for Forbes India on consumer behaviour and modernizing retail.
He is also a co founder of Dmart.
He had worked vey closely Kishore Biyani and R.K .Damani and morphing into different roles over a period of time with Big bazaar, food Bazaar.
Mr. Damodar Mall says - Short form for Reliance is “Leadership”.
He is recognized as the “Most Admired Grocery Retail professional”
Author of the famous book – “SUPER MARKETWALA” Secrets to winning consumer India.

27. About Reliance Fresh
With a vision to generate inclusive growth and prosperity for vendor partners, farmers, small shopkeepers and consumers Reliance Retail limited (RRL) subsidiary of RIL was set up to lead Reliance groups into organized retail.
Since it’s inception in 2006 Reliance retail limited has grown into organization that carters to million of customers, thousands of famers and vendors and based on this core growth strategy of backward integration. RRL has made rapid progress towards building an entire value chain starting from the farmers to end consumers.
Growth
There are currently 1,691 stores as per the annual report.
Currently we are adding one Reliance Fresh store every week to our presence,
but the market contains a lot more.
Environment and brands
Creates a self service environment, There is celebration of choice and therefore customers open to try new things so new products get tried, premium brands do well.
We also make premium brands and new product's more accessible to people so they enjoy the best brands.
Most of the associates that work with are first generation retail workers, service sector worker.

28. Culture
Building a culture that’s customer centric, building a culture that says whatever happens the customer is right.
Retail store are embedded in communities, so they offer organisation sector jobs, organise sector working environment, practices that are fair and transparent to young men and women who leave in the catchment.
People work part time and full time, depending on their ambition and their own stage of life. They do train people.
Cultural diversity
It’s an opportunity. The top three communities very source services are mapped and key preferences of the community are service and its’ a competitive edge that we have. The more under the food preferences of community to more better we are going to connect with our customers.
Key growth drivers.
Keeping a our self a couple of steps ahead of customers guarantees us growth because it’s an aspiring customer, every passing year they expect more from us.
Growth is not a challenge. Building organisation, building large teams, managing the supply side is a task that we work hard on.

29. The Retail industry from the author of SUPER MARKETWALA. - Mr
The Retail industry from the author of SUPER MARKETWALA - Mr. Damodar Mall
The retail industry in 500 billion and set to rise and become double by the end of decade 2020.
It’s very large and fast growing by any comparison across the world.
Modern retail co operations are yet a small factor of total market.
Technology is what you wear good shoes, it enables you to go far. It’s a great enabler.
Learning's from Mr. Damodar Mall –
Stay grounded and be philosophical in life.
Stay curious.
Stay optimistic.
Stay naïve.
Stay bullish.
Last but not the least, keep being a learner…

30. 2. Mr. Shyaam Singh, CMO @ TabCab
Born and brought up in Kolkata.
Done BA in Bio chemistry.
With more than 25 years of well – rounded experience in marketing and communication. He has been in marketing field for 15 years.
Over two decades experience on agency and client side, strategy and marketing roles from advertising.
He started his career working with Eureka Forbes as Sales Executive.(Door to door selling of vacuum cleaner).
Analytical, detail oriented Marketing & Communications professional with solid knowledge and capability in establishing and nurturing brands.
A hands-on leader with expertise in branding, advertising, media planning, collateral/website development, public relations, events, channel marketing, and agency/vendor management.
Comprehensive knowledge of ATL, BTL, TTL and CSR.
Computer proficient with extensive experience in online and offline marketing.
Areas of specialization include: Market Analysis – CRM – Channel/Vendor Management – Corporate Communications Integrated Marketing Communications – Public Relations – Budget Management Copywriting & Design – Product Development & Launches – Brand expertise

31. Current work role in TabCab
Profit center head role for generating revenue by passenger acquisition/retention and secondary revenue generation from media sales from on/in cab advertisements.
Brand guardian role for nurturing and growing the brand.
Business tie-ups with corporates, travel portals, hotels, business parks, airlines etc.
Responsible for all internal communications, across mediums.
Responsible for all external communications including handling Advertisements, PR and media relations. Designated spokesperson of the company.
Responsible for all cross functional team interactions within the company to maximize results and reduce/remove operational hurdles.
Nurture/guide/mentor subordinates and enable them to achieve their maximum potential.
Head of strategy. Innovating to maximize business revenues and brand reach.
Head of CSR activities, Event Management, Roadshows, Sponsorships & Industry meets.
Responsible for market intelligence, competitor tracking and CSAT & CLP activities.
Participating with the top management team for regular review of business health and innovate for better results/course correction measures.
Reporting to the Managing Director and the Board of Directors.

32. Learning's from Mr. Shyaam Singh.
He wanted to become pilot since childhood but could not become due to change of rules in administration but he did not give up. He sets up high standards for himself and tried hard in studies and further assignments.
He has a misfortune of losing his younger brother and mother in a very short span of time and it too followed up with his father’s illness. Even in such situations he was mentally strong and supportive & caring for his family. At the same time was fully dedicated to his professional life.
Even if he works at a very senior management level, he personally get into grass root details like speaking to taxi owners, drivers, tabcab Sathis (Drivers which are actually business partners hence known as Sathi) and also listens to their discussions among themselves to get the feel of the insights.
To be in Marketing you have to be very creative in nature. The things Mr. Singh has put in TabCab services like Mobile app for woman’s safety, 8AM to 8PM NO Refusal schemes, special discounted packages for flight catchers, various CRR activities like free drop at nearest local station for disables and senior citizens at the time of Ganesh Festival and also health check up camps for Sathi, loyalty schemes, scholarships for their children etc.
Follow your heart, be optimistic and be a learner.

33. 3. Mr. Yogesh Naik, Director Research & Innovation @ iGATE Patni
Educational Background
Research scholar, Technology Management.
Birla Institute of Technology and Science:-
M.S. Software Systems (Distinguished Student CPGA of 9.4)
RBS Institute of Management:-
MBA, HR & Finance
(First rank with medal of Dean’s scholar )
University of Mumbai :-
B.E Electronics (First class with honour)
Honours and Awards
Excellence Award, April 2010
Dean’s scholar Award, 2010
Winner of BMA HR Conference, 2010
Excellent project manager, 2007
Best team leader Award, 20013
Exceptional performance Awards, 2001

34. Learning's from Mr. Yogesh Naik
Highlights of Discussion
How do you relate IT with HR and Finance.
Tips to IT professionals to overcome burnouts.
Difference between E-Commerce and E-Business.
Infrastructure requirements to portals like E – Commerce.
Global opportunities for IT students.
Message to new generation.
Learning's from Mr. Yogesh Naik
Environments changes every day and we have be ready with changing environment.
We have to upgrade ourselves every day from transactional level to strategic level.
In any organization A and B, there will be cultural differences but business domain will remain same.
Always boost yourself with vitamin M and K.
With the help of technology organization can achieve its objectives more efficiently and effectively.

35. Message From Mr. Yogesh Naik
While many people use e-commerce and e-business interchangeably, they aren't the same, and the differences matter to businesses in today's economy.
E-commerce is buying and selling using an electronic medium. It is accepting credit and payments over the net, doing banking transactions using the Internet, selling commodities or information using the World Wide Web and so on.
E-Business in addition to encompassing E-commerce includes both front and back-office applications that form the engine for modern E-commerce. E-business is not just about E-commerce transactions; it's about re-defining old business models, with the aid of technology to maximize customer value. E-Business is the overall strategy and E-commerce is an extremely important facet of E-Business.
Cloud can be used to run portals like E – Commerce.
Message From Mr. Yogesh Naik
Never be satisfied with your progress.

36. News Wire
Services

37. 1. IT SECTOR FEARS RAISE IN TAX POINTS
The information technology (IT) and information technology-enabled services (ITeS) industry body Nasscom on Wednesday said the proposed goods and services tax (GST) Bill was likely to increase the tax points for the industry.

38. IT services are intangible,” R Chandrasekhar, president of Nasscom, said here on Wednesday. “We have number of concerns which have been shared with the government. Today, we have a simple regime, one single point of taxation which is the central service tax, one single point of registration, one single invoice and one single place where you have to go for any refund. Now under GST regime, it could be as high as 111 points. Because you have CGST, IGST, SGST. We have 36 states and Union territories. All put together it becomes 111 different tax points."
According to the Nasscom president, all the key service sectors would be impacted by the Constitution amendment Bill. 
Industry concerns have already been brought to the notice of Finance Minister Arun Jaitley, he said. "The minister assured us that these issues will be looked into."
Bhaskar Pramanik, Chairman, Microsoft India, said: “I am pleased that the goods and services tax (GST) Bill was passed in the Rajya Sabha. It is a positive development and I hope the government will implement this long-pending reform by April 1, The government’s idea of a single tax regime is crucial to improve ease of doing business in India and address the ambiguities of the current indirect tax landscape, proving beneficial for the economy, at large.”

39. 2. GST ROLLOUT TO MAKE HOUSEHOLD JEWELLERY 18% CHEAPER
The implementation of the Goods and Services Tax (GST) Bill is set to make household jewellery 18% cheaper, which in turn will discourage sales of used ornaments freely to jewellers.
Jewellers will not get input credit on gold procured through melting of used jewellery. Hence, they will prefer to pass on the loss to customers.

40. Since, GST is mulling 18% tax on gold ornaments, jewellers will get 18% lower input credit. On passing 18% lower input credit, customers will get lesser amount equivalent to the tax. Hence, customers will get 18% lower realisation from their used gold jewellery, said Surendra Mehta, secretary, India Bullion and Jewellers Association (IBJA).
Gold recovery through melting of used jewellery stands between 5% and 10% in India, depending upon price volatility. In case of price rise, quantity of used jewellery increases. Scrap jewellery collection declines with fall in gold prices.
Read our full coverage on the GST Bill and its impact
Customers are bound to get discouraged from used jewellery sales as their realisation will fall 18% following the GST rollout. The realisation will go down further in case customers are not aware of current prevailing gold price, said Prithviraj Kothari, Managing Director, RiddiSiddhi Bullions.
Interestingly, jewellers might save more through unethical practices, an industry veteran said. Since most jewellery sales take place in distress, jewellers might take advantage of the situation in the name of GST, he added.
Jewellers avail input credit from banks as working capital in commensurate with gold collected through melting of scrap jewellery.

41. 3. R-COM, AIRCEL MERGER BY JUNE-END
Telecom firms Reliance Communications Ltd (R-Com) and Aircel Ltd are likely to complete their merger by the end of June, a top Reliance Group executive has said.
The executive, who asked to be not named, said the merged entity, which will be India’s third largest telecom firm by subscribers, will save about Rs.2,500 crore a?year?through synergies between the two operations. The combined entity is expected to have Ebitda (earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization) of Rs.5,000-6,000 crore in the next financial year with a revenue of Rs.25,000 crore.

42. The Reliance executive added a strategic investor will invest Rs
The Reliance executive added a strategic investor will invest Rs.3,000 crore in the entity.
 In December, R-Com entered into exclusive talks with Aircel for a potential merger, a month after it announced that it would buy the local unit of Russia’s Sistema JSFC.
 As part of the deal, R-Com will spin off its mobile business and this will merge with the mobile business of the Maxis-owned Aircel; Both R-Com and Aircel will transfer Rs.14,000 crore each of their debt to the new entity.
 R-Com has a total debt of around Rs.41,000 crore.
 The Reliance executive said the new telecom firm, a 50:50 joint venture of R-Com and Aircel, will be unlisted and operate under a new brand name.
 He added that the conclusion of R-Com-Aircel merger is critical for the former’s proposed Rs.30,000 crore tower deal.
 On 4 December, R-Com had signed a preliminary but non-binding agreement with Tillman Global Holdings Llc and TPG Asia Inc. for the sale of its telecom towers and optic fibre assets.?“The?Aircel-R-Com merger will make the tower deal more attractive, considering the increased tenancies and new tower opportunities,” the executive added.
 An industry expert was upbeat about the R-Com-Aircel merger.
 It is a sign of things to come. We expect further consolidation to defend market share as the market is expecting new disruptions and new entrants,” said Rohan Dhamija, partner and head of India and South Asia at consulting firm Analysys Mason. He said it will benefit both partners as long as the combined debt load can be managed.
 Dhamija expects the enterprise value of the merged entity to be 20-40% more than the aggregate value of standalone entities of R-Com and Aircel, owing to the benefits of synergy.

43. “R-Com and Aircel will have synergy in terms of both revenue and cost. Revenue synergy will be attained primarily through increased market share and better quality and quantity of spectrum,” Dhamija said. He added that cost synergy will also come to play as 7%-11% operating expenditure will be shaved off if the integration goes well.
Last week, ratings agency Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. said R-Com continues to have a strained liquidity profile and the rating outlook for the fourth-largest mobile operator in India by the number of subscribers remains?negative owing to delays in its plans to reduce debt. There is also an ongoing need to refinance upcoming debt maturities, it said. “R-Com has about $450 million in debt falling due in the quarter ending 30 June 2016, which includes a $350 million external commercial borrowing (ECB) facility at Reliance Infratel Ltd, which is guaranteed by R-Com and has a cross-default with other debt. Management is still in the process of renewing this facility with the banks and expects to complete the refinancing ahead of maturity. Failure in obtaining final renewal approvals from the banks will lead to imminent ratings downgrade, which would be more than one notch,” cautioned Moody’s.

44. 4. THE PITFALLS OF THE‘FINANCIALIZATION’ OF AMERICAN BUSINESS
 According to Time magazine journalist Rana Foroohar’s new book Makers and Takers: The Rise of Finance and the Fall of American Business, the ‘financialization’ of banking, and of business in general, has hampered real growth and innovation while exacerbating inequality. The result is an “upside-down” economy where finance, instead of serving as a catalyst, has become a headwind. And in the wake of a devastating financial crisis fueled by excessive debt and credit, we are seeing a smoke-and-mirrors recovery driven largely by more of the same.

45. In the following book review, summarizes Foroohar’s argument and shares examples from the book.
There’s a scene in the movie “The Big Short” where a hedge fund manager, played by Steve Carrell, finally begins to grasp the flimsy house of financial cards that would soon collapse and lead to the sub-prime mortgage crisis, and in turn a full-blown banking crisis and global recession. He listens with growing exasperation as a manager of CDOs, collateralized debt obligations, explains how he has packaged and repackaged mortgage debt into increasingly complicated and exotic securities. The tipping point is when he realizes that the market of speculative bets on mortgage bonds is worth 20 times the value of the mortgages themselves.
That outsized relationship of speculation to concrete assets, of abstracted finance to real world business, is at the heart of Rana Foroohar’s urgently argued new book Makers and Takers: The Rise of Finance and the Fall of American Business. Where finance and banking were once the servants of the larger economy, pooling deposits and directing them to productive investment, they have now become the master. The “financialization” of banking, and of business in general, has hampered real growth and innovation while exacerbating inequality. The result is an “upside-down” economy where finance, instead of serving as a catalyst, has become a headwind. And in the wake of a devastating financial crisis fueled by excessive debt and credit, we are seeing a smoke-and-mirrors recovery driven largely by more of the same.

46. 5.THE BANKING MESS: THE PROBLEM OF HAIRCUTS
The cat is finally out of the bag. The terrible March quarter results of the public sector banks have ripped off the veil of secrecy. There is now absolutely no doubt that many of these lenders have a massive pile of bad loans in their books. The days of brave denials are gone. It is worth asking why senior bankers, board members, regulators and credit rating agencies had maintained a conspiracy of silence for so long.
Now that the bad loans problem is out in the open, it is time the national debate shifts to what can be done to deal with what is perhaps the biggest risk to economic stability. There are several possibilities in the air—a bad bank that takes over problem loans, massive capital infusion by the government, negotiated settlements with large defaulters, sales of problem loans to asset management companies, and taking over the management of defaulting companies through the conversion of bank loans into equity. The Economic Survey released in February even made the unusual suggestion that the Reserve Bank of India should use its reserves to bolster bank capital.

47. It remains to be seen what solution—or combination of solutions—is finally accepted. There are two related issues that are critical to the successful resolution of the bank problem. First, how will the initial losses from the clean-up be divided among bank shareholders, taxpayers and defaulting borrowers? Second, at what price will bad loans be taken off the books of the banks? These two questions have cropped up in many of the bank bailouts in other countries, from the Swedish bank rescue in 1991 to the US Troubled Asset Relief Programme in 2008.
Take a simple example. Vijay Mallya told the Supreme Court that he was ready to settle with his bankers by paying around half the value of his dues. He then raised the offer when the bankers refused. However, even the new amount Mallya is ready to pay is far less than the amount that he owes. The bankers have to take a hit of around a third of their exposure to the fugitive businessman.
The problem is that few bankers will be ready to sign on such a settlement. There is a palpable fear that they will soon be accused of corruption. I was recently told of a loan settlement that involved a large steel company. The chief executive of the lead banker was on board, but the officer actually handling the loan refused to sign on the dotted line. He feared his head would be on the line if anything went wrong.
Bankers are quite reasonably wary of taking any risk that could mean an investigation or even jail a few years down the line.
In this context, finance minister Arun Jaitley has done well to say this week that the government would provide protection to bankers who were trying to settle with defaulting companies on commercial terms.

48. His reassurance is important because of the fear among bankers that they will be held personally responsible later by the investigating agencies, the Supreme Court and, yes, the media circus. Past experience shows that our public debates often gloss over the important difference between an honest decision gone wrong and outright corruption.
The reassurance from Jaitley is welcome. However, what is needed is an overarching agreement between various stakeholders about how bad loans are to be priced, what is the permissible range of haircuts and who will foot the bill.
One option suggested to me by a senior finance professional is a model contract that is first cleared by the investigative agencies, the regulators and the courts. That could deal with at least some of the current risk aversion among bankers. The new Bank Boards Bureau headed by Vinod Rai is ideally placed to craft such a model contract between lenders and defaulters.
Cleaning up the banks matters because the ongoing economic recovery could be choked by a funds crunch in case lenders are busy battling with the problems of the past. India is now facing the inevitable aftermath of a credit bubble that saw bank lending grow much faster than the underlying nominal gross domestic product. The finance minister should also take into account the fact that public sector banks were often forced to lend to risky infrastructure projects under pressure from New Delhi.

49. 6. GOVT NOT TO RAISE FDI LIMIT IN PRINT MEDIA: REPORT
6. GOVT NOT TO RAISE FDI LIMIT IN PRINT MEDIA: REPORT
Currently, FDI in print media is limited to 26%, via the approval route.
The centre has decided not to raise the foreign direct investment (FDI) limit in newspapers and periodicals to 49% from 26%. Currently, the FDI policy permits 26% FDI in publishing of newspapers and periodicals via approval route. .

50. The issue of relaxing the FDI policy in print media has been pending for long. The department of economic affairs (DEA) had recently asked the department of industrial policy and promotion (DIPP) to have a look at the proposal. In a communication to the DEA, the DIPP said a “considered view” was taken against increasing the FDI cap in print media sector, people familiar with the development said.
The issue of relaxing the FDI cap in print media came up for discussion last November as well as during the recent liberalization of norms in June. Both times it was decided not to tweak the caps, they added.
Recently, the government relaxed FDI norms in about eight sectors, including civil aviation, defence, private security agencies, pharmaceuticals and food processing industry. The move was aimed at attracting more foreign funds. During , FDI into the country increased by 29% to $40 billion from $30.93 billion in the previous fiscal.

51. 7. MFI’S ‘ARE KEY’ TO FINANCIAL INCLUSION
Over 19% of population still remains ‘unbankedMore than 19 per cent of the population in the country is still unbanked or financially excluded, says World Trade Centre (WTC) Goa.
The organisation is all set to hold its second ‘Make in India’ programme on ‘Microfinance: A Game Changer for Financial Inclusion’ here on June 24.
The programme is promoted by MVIRDC in association with WTC Mumbai, Micro Units Development & Refinance Agency Limited (MUDRA Bank), Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and The International Centre of Goa (ICG).

52. MUDRA Bank, a part of the Union Budget proposals announced by the Finance Minister, acts as a tool to ‘fund the unfunded’. Microfinance institutions (MFI’s) play a significant role in promoting financial inclusion by catering to the financial needs of Microenterprises, Start-ups and Women Entrepreneurs.
Although there are around 69 MFI’s registered as Non-bank financial companies (NBFCs) with the Reserve Bank of India, the country still has 233 million people (more than 19 per cent of the population) who are unbanked or financially excluded.
Microfinance
Therefore, through this programme experts will be sharing their insights on Microfinance and policy initiatives which can benefit participants in getting finance.
The experts to participate in the event include Jiji Mammen, CEO, MUDRA, Jaikish, General Manager & Officer-in-Charge, RBI - Goa Regional Office, Manguirish Pai Raiker, MSME Board Member & Advisor, WTC Goa.
According to the PMMY Report from MUDRA Bank, the amount sanctioned under Pradhan Mantri MUDRA Yojana ( ) for Goa is ? crore of which, crore has been disbursed.
For the year ?33 crore has been sanctioned. This shows that there is an imperative need to create awareness on the available monetary schemes.
The event will deliberate on the role of MFIs in realisation of financial inclusion and different schemes available with the financial institutions for the MSMEs.

53. 8. WITH 100% FDI, FOREIGN AIRLINES CAN EXPECT TO SOAR
Domestic fliers also get greater access to funds.
The Centre has decided to allow 100 per cent FDI in domestic airlines, but the catch is that foreign airlines can hold only up to 49 per cent in such ventures (the balance can be held by a foreign body that is not an airline).
While foreign investment up to 49 per cent will be under the automatic route, beyond it would require government approval.

54. The Centre also decided to allow 100 per cent FDI under the automatic route for brownfield airport projects. Earlier, under the automatic route, 100 per cent FDI was permitted in greenfield projects and 74 per cent in brownfield projects.
“It has now been decided to raise this limit to 100 per cent, with FDI up to 49 per cent permitted under automatic route and FDI beyond 49 per cent through government approval.
“However, foreign airlines would continue to be allowed to invest in the capital of Indian companies operating scheduled and non-scheduled air-transport services up to the limit of 49 per cent of their paid-up capital and subject to the laid down conditions in the existing policy,” an official statement said.
Today’s decision means the likes of Emirates and Qatar Airways can tie up with sovereign, private equity or hedge funds to own and operate airlines in India — the airline can hold 49 per cent and the fund, 51 per cent. Earlier, the FDI both from airlines and foreign portfolio investors was restricted to 49 per cent.
The existing conditions to get a licence to operate an airline in India will remain and will be vetted by the Directorate General of Civil Aviation.
“Though equity holding of foreign airlines is still limited to 49 per cent, a foreign airline can join hands with its sovereign fund or private investors and set up a 100 per cent foreign owned airline in India.

55. 9. BANK ON THE POOR Small businesses remain untapped.
Small businesses remain untapped.
The last Financial Stability report of the RBI (December, 2015) has stated that India’s financial system remains stable and the relatively stronger macro-economic fundamentals lend it resilience. All the negatives that we hear about Indian banking are manageable, in a macro-sense.
But on the subject of financial inclusion and deepening and the role of banks, one wonders whether banks have acquitted themselves well, for there are millions of households and small businesses which remain outside the ambit of the formal financial sector.

56. In 2014, the Nachiket Mor committee had pointed out that 60 per cent of the rural and urban population do not even have a functional bank account and that 90 per cent of small businesses have no links with the formal financial sector. The Prime Minister’s intervention has brought in results in terms of opening accounts but doubts still remain about how many bank branches would open basic banking accounts for anybody who walks in without any proof of identity or address. The RBI has mandated that just a photograph and physical presence is enough to open these accounts.
 Joseph, hailing from the coastal village of Valiathura, picks rags for a living in Kerala’s capital and could end up making Rs per day. He does not have an Aadhaar card and the bank he approached wanted him to produce one. So much for our vaunted claims on financial inclusion!Surendran, a lottery-ticket vendor, too does not have a bank account. Both these are ideal candidates for loans under the Prime Minister’s Mudra Yojana scheme. But it would be too much to expect any bank to give them loans when they would not open even their deposit account. There are millions of people like Joseph and Surendran to whom the formal financial sector has not yet pro-actively reached out.
 Not for the poor
 My local barber told me he had approached a local branch for a ?75,000 loan and had been refused assistance because he did not have a corporation license. “My grandfather started this saloon 70 years ago and ever since we have been placing knife and blade to people’s heads and necks, without any licence,” he told me with a sense of humour which only the poor in this country are capable of.

57. And to think that the same banks would lend hundreds of crores to big businesses, approving deviation after deviation from norms. “Mea culpa,” at least, I would say. Despite all the pushing and shoving, let us be aware that the Mudra loans have aggregated to only ?1,32,000 crore (approximately), including renewals of old loans of below ?10 lakh, against a total outstanding All Scheduled Commercial Banks net credit of ?66,50,000 crore. Retail trade for instance enjoys credit to the tune of only ?2,12,500 crore while medium, small and micro manufacturing enterprises together enjoy ?4,86,000 crore of loans, as per RBI data on deployment of bank credit by major sectors.
Medium, small and micro enterprises contribute 37.5 per cent of India’s GDP, with a network of 48 million enterprises giving jobs to about 110 million people, as per the Union Government’s estimates.
There is vast scope for earning good returns in providing credit to these sectors.
On the growth of eCommerce in India, the minister said 60 per cent of the catchment area of the rapidly expanding online market in the country is from small towns. On the government's ambitious programme of connecting 2.50 lakh gram panchayats through optical fibre network, he said as of now pipes have been laid across 1.30 lakh kms and optical fibre has been laid over 1.10 lakh kms. When all gram panchayats are linked through the broadband network, then e-business, e-education, e-health and other projects can be started in villages, he added. On government's aim to open BPOs in small towns, Prasad said 78 companies have shown interest to set up BPO operations at 190 locations across the country for about 1,25,000 seats. The government had approved 'India BPO Promotion Scheme' (IBPS) for promoting BPO/ITeS operations across India with an outlay of about Rs. 493 crore during the remaining period of 12th Five Year Plan - up to March 31, 2017.

58. 10. RBI POLICY IMPACT: FIXED DEPOSITS, EMIS STAY ALMOST THE SAME
MCLR-based loan rates fell marginally; income funds gained from the recent rally. Yields have priced in positives.
Capital markets barely reacted to the Reserve Bank of India’s (RBI) credit policy review, and the expectation of a status quo was met firmly. While keeping rates unchanged, the RBI governor maintained that the overall policy stance remains accommodative, which means that the central bank is looking for room to ease or reduce rates and will do so when the opportunity presents itself. For now, the April data on inflation is the one that impacted the decision to leave rates unchanged. April Consumer Price Index inflation came in at 5.4%, surprising the market and RBI, as the central bank governor admitted. In the past two years, RBI has maintained that its primary focus will be on meeting inflation targets over a period of time.

59. The equity market has done well since the last policy review, on 5 April, although on the policy day itself, despite the rate cut, mood was negative. The revival in earnings and commodity cycle, too, seems to have buoyed sentiments.
Over the last few months the banking sector underwent pain in non-performing assets (NPA) recognition due to RBI demanding more transparency in this aspect. After this clean up, banking stocks, particularly public sector ones, have recovered from their lows. The BSE Bankex has gained 11% since 1 April this year, compared to the S&P BSE Sensex, which has gained 6% in the same period. Dipen Shah, head of private client group, research, Kotak Securities Ltd, said, “The equity market was focused on the economy and earnings and that continues. Given the background of better earnings, focus on monsoon and the economy doing better, the policy is seen as a non-event. For the banking sector, changes are positive with provisioning going up and NPA recognition taking the pain out of the system albeit not completely yet.”
 Some amount of optimism seems to be returning to the market. However, as pointed out by the RBI governor, revival of private sector investment remains a concern. Bond markets, too, remained quiet. The benchmark 10-year government security (G-sec) yield had some change after the previous policy review. Now, it has settled at the current yield of %. The rally in yields started in February when the benchmark 10-year yield was closer to 7.8%, and now long-term bond yields have reached below 7.5%. Income funds, as a result, are boasting high three-month returns. .

60. Thank You