1. University of Northern IA
Presentation prepared by:
Marilyn Shaw
University of Northern IA
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2. Chapter 6 Connecting Listening and Thinking in the Communication Process
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3. The Task of Listening Listening Hearing
Cognitive activity is defined as the active process of receiving , constructing meaning from, and responding to spoken or nonverbal messages.
Hearing
The passive physiological process in which sound is received by the ear.
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4. The Importance of Effective Listening
Decreases misunderstandings
Improves personal, professional, and financial situation
Enhances performance in school
Improves relationships

5. Stages of Listening The Hearing Stage The Understanding Stage
Physiological process
The Understanding Stage
Comprehension
The Remembering Stage
Recalling
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6. Stages of Listening Cont'd
The Interpreting Stage
Understanding the meaning and letting the speaker know that you understand.
The Evaluating Stage
Analyzes the evidence, sorts fact from opinion, determines the intent of the speaker, judges the accuracy of statements and conclusions.
The Responding Stage: Sending Feedback
Storing memory
Picture sent to me by a former student teaching now in Japan. Has given me permission to use it in any way I see fit
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7. Stages (Continued) The Thinking Stage
Listening as a Cognitive Construct
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8. Memory Working Memory Long-Term Memory Repetition Association Chunking
Logical Patterns
Long-Term
Memory
Association
Categorization
Mediation
Imagery
Mnemonics

9. Whole Brain Model
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10. Our Four Different Selves
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11. The Functions of Listening
Listening to Obtain Information
Listening to Evaluate
Listening with Empathy
Listening for Enjoyment
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12. Barriers to Effective Listening
Considering the Topic or Speaker Uninteresting
Criticizing the Speaker Instead of the Message
Concentrating on Details, Not Main Ideas
Avoiding Difficult Listening Situations
Tolerating or Failing to Adjust to Distractions
Faking Attention
Bias and Prejudice
Preferred Thinking
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13. Critical Listening and Critical Thinking
Accuracy of the message
Critical Thinking
Ability to analyze and assess information
Assessing the Speaker’s Motivation
Judging the Accuracy of the Speaker’s Conclusions
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14. Improving Listening Competence
Recognize the importance of listening effectively.
Think of listening as an active process.
A willingness to work and a desire to improve are essential to increase listening effectiveness.
Behave like a good listener.
Ask questions to clarify information.
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15. Listening and Technology
Can be used as a tool if used effectively
Increase in the use of computer-enhanced presentations
Digital literacy
Set of attitudes, understanding, and skills needed to handle and communicate information and knowledge effectively, in a variety of media and formats
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16. Listening and Technology: Cons
It is easier to just HEAR the world around us rather than LISTEN when we include technology.
Can make a more passive listening society rather than active listeners.
Interferes with traditional communication by being a distraction.
Overdependence on the use of technology for communication in all areas
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2008

17. Intercultural Listening
Listening is valued differently among cultures.
Every culture teaches how one is expected to listen.
Learning some of these differences can improve one’s overall listening skills in an increasingly global world.
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