1. Vocabulary Caliph Caliphates Iberian Peninsula Strait of Gibraltar
Moors Reconquista
Mosque
Spanish Inquisition Conquistadors
Convert Missionaries
Calipahate – Islamic form of government over a region
Caliph – head of state

2. Let’s go Back in History Geography and Religion
Spain has historically been known as a Christian nation
Before that it was a Muslim nation.
Find Spain
Islamic Caliphate around 750 AD

3. Spain was conquered by a Muslim group around the 700’s.
Caliph Tariq ibn-Ziyad

4. Al-Andalus, Muslim Spain
For hundreds of years Spain was under Muslim (Moors) control. The main reason behind this was simple; The Muslims had easy access to the Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal)
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Mediterranean area

5. Life and Society
For 5 centuries the Muslims controlled most of Europe including Spain.
A new culture developed
Economy grew as part of the Muslim world
The Muslim culture greatly influenced Spain
Saraceno
La Cuidad shows Moorish influence
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6. Centres of Learning Learning was greatly valued in Muslim society
Throughout southern Europe, medicine and science was greatly advanced.
University of Seville, Spain
University of Cordoba, Spain
Note the Moorish influence
Read pg. 197

7. Return to Catholicism In the early 1000’s a religious war erupted.
The Reconquista was a way for the Christian world to expand its power.
Because Spain was surrounded by other Christian nations, it was not very difficult to reclaim the land as Christian.

8. Reconquista
Queen Isabelle and King Ferdinand lead the Reconqusitadors towards Granada.

9. WHY?
The reason why Spain was so effected by these religious battles was because the country seemed to lie in the middle. The Christian world laid to the North and East, while the Muslim world was directly south.
Mediterranean area before La Reconquista

10. Creating A Christian Spain
It took many years for it to happen but Spain had finally been reclaimed as a Christian land.
Next step…
get rid of anyone
who was not
a Christian!

11. Creating a Christian Spain
The Crusades extended into Spain
The intention was to reclaim the land for Christians
Caliphate after caliphate fell to the Christian armies
Granada was the last area under Muslim control
King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella attacked Granada with the final battle at Alhambra.

12. Two Choices The Muslims and the Jews had two choices:
Leave Spain and find a new home
Convert to Christianity
What would you choose?

13. The Spanish Inquisition
The Spanish Inquisition became a state-run system of courts where church officials put believers of religious ideas other than Catholicism on trial.

14. What did this mean for Spain?
With the expulsion of the Jews and Muslims the educated middle class was missing
Affected the economy greatly
Gerona – main city for the Jews in Spain

15. Saving Souls
King Ferdinand knew that the Islamic faith was spreading in the middle east again
Felt it necessary to convert as many people to Catholic faith
Became part of Spanish worldview
Changed their mind about Columbus and encouraged him to convert as many people he could find
Read page 205 and 206

16. Columbus tells the Royals about his intentions
Appeals to Queen Isabella

17. Gold And Glory
The Spanish Crusades and the Spanish Inquisition was costly to undertake
The royal reserves were being severely depleted
Another reason why the royalty of Spain allowed Columbus to undertake his voyage.
Did Columbus first land on Grand Turks or in San Salvador?

18. Gaining Personal Wealth
Hildalgos: large amount of people in a lower class of nobles
After the Reconquista many nobles had fallen on hard times
Because their pride would not allow them to pick up just any job they had to find other means to make money.
One option was to enter into business and commerce
The other option was to set sail and seek their fortune in the newly discovered Americas!