1. Nutritional Needs and Health Concerns

2. Anemia
severe depletion of iron stores resulting in low blood hemoglobin.
loss of blood creates a loss of iron
menstruating females are at higher risk

3. Anemia
Symptoms include:
tired,
weak,
mental state affected

4. Anemia
What can be done?
not all ingested iron is absorbed; vitamin C helps to absorb iron when taken together
meat is an excellent source of iron
fortified cereals have iron added

5. Colon and Rectal Cancer
one of the top causes of cancer deaths in North America
Colon cancer: that forms in the tissues of the colon (the longest part of the large intestine).
Rectal cancer: Cancer that forms in the tissues of the rectum (the last several inches of the large intestine closest to the anus).

6. Colon and Rectal Cancer
insoluble fibre will not dissolve, absorbs water, contributes bulk, lowers the risk for cancer
insoluble fibre significantly inhibits the development of precancerous colon and rectal polyps

7. Colon and Rectal Cancer
fiber helps food move through large intestine
good sources of fiber include fruits, whole grains, vegetables, dried beans
diets should consist of grams of fiber a day
high fiber diets need lots of liquids to avoid problems

8. Diabetes hyperglycemia - blood glucose levels are too high
diabetes affects the body’s production and use of insulin - making blood glucose levels abnormally high
insulin is a hormone produced in the body

9. Types of Diabetes Type I - child/juvenile diabetes
Type II - adult onset diabetes
many people have a genetic predisposition to acquiring the disease

10. Symptoms/warning signs of Diabetes
excessive urination and thirst
weight loss with nausea,
easy tiring, weakness, irritability
cravings for food; especially sweets
vision disturbances blurred vision
slow healing of cuts and bruises

11. Diabetes and Diet
soluble fiber may improve the control of blood sugar and can reduce the need for insulin or medication
important to manage carbohydrate intake through diet and/or receiving insulin

12. Hypoglycemia low blood glucose levels
a drop in blood glucose following a meal and is accompanied by symptoms of the stress response, this is a case of the body not functioning properly; special diet considerations must be followed
fasting/starving can induce hypoglycemia; usually after hours of not eating; self-induced hypoglycemia corrected with normal eating patterns

13. Symptoms/warning signs of Hypoglycemia
headache,
mental dullness,
fatigue, irritability,
trembling,
hunger,
anxiety

14. Heart Disease
coronary heart disease (CHD) refers to disease of the heart and blood vessels;
it is the leading cause of death in the North America

15. Heart Disease
atherosclerosis is the most common form - plaque forms along the inner walls of the arteries
saturated fat in the diet is changed to cholesterol which forms the plaque
plaque causes hardening of the arteries and the more advanced condition of atherosclerosis

16. Factors increasing the risk Heart Disease
genetics,
age,
high-fat diet (high blood cholesterol),
lack of exercise,
stress,
smoking and tobacco
use, excessive alcohol consumption,
Low fiber intake,
low vitamin/mineral intake

17. Diet and Heart Disease
decrease consumption of foods high in saturated fats
processed foods,
i. e. lunch meats
decrease consumption of foods high in sodium
high sodium/salt foods - onion rings, pickles, french fries potato chips

18. Osteoporosis a condition manifested in older adults;
females at higher risk
bones become porous and fragile due to the lack of calcium
bone density is developed during the first 25 years of life
after age 25 calcium consumption helps to maintain the existing bone density

19. Osteoporosis: risk factors
advanced age,
low-calcium diet,
when people are confined to a bed, their bones and muscles lose strength
lack of exercise,
female gender,
alcoholism,
Smoking
thinness,
chronic steroid use

20. Osteoporosis: What can you do?
after age 25 calcium consumption helps to maintain the existing bone density
daily calcium consumption –
ages ,300 mg;
age ,000 mg age
50+ 1,200
1 cup of milk has approximately 300 mg. of calcium

21. Osteoporosis: What can you do?
weight-bearing exercises such as walking, dancing and jogging and are especially effective in maintaining bone density