1. CHAPTER 14 (n) CHAPTER 25 (0) Class Notes POLITICAL CULTURE AND THE EVOLVING STATE

2. III. RELATIVE LOCATION
LANDLOCKED – Surrounded by other lands, no sea / ocean access
EXCLAVE / ENCLAVE
DEFENSE
RESOURCES
TRANSPORTATION

3. BOUNDARY Not just a line on the ground
Vertical Plane (diagram pg. 212)
Cuts deep into the ground and far up into the air
Rights to drill oil, mine coal / airspace

5. Evolution of Boundary (3 stages)
1. DEFINITION –
treaty-like definition on the landscape agreed upon
2. DELIMITATION –
Put line on the map officially
3. DEMARCATION –
Making the Boundary known – fences, markers, signs

8. FRONTIER –
Territorial cushion which keeps rivals apart

10. Types of Boundaries
GEOMETRIC –
Lines, unrelated to physical landscape
PHYSICAL (Natural) POLITICAL –
Using natural landscape (A river)
CULTURAL POLITICAL –
Cultural breaks in the landscape (language, religion)

11. Inter-Faith Boundary!!!

14. Richard Hartshorne Origin (Genetic) Boundary Classification
Antecedent –
Existed before settlement occurred Example: ?
49th parallel separating the U.S. and Canada.

15. Relic –
Ceased to function
Still can be detected on the cultural landscape. Example: ?
The Berlin Wall

17. Subsequent –
Established after the settlement
Accommodate cultural differences
Adjusted as the cultural landscape changes. Example: ???
Former Yugoslavia Countries

18. Superimposed –
Imposed on an area by a conquering power
Ignores existing cultures
Satisfy demands of the superpower. Example: ???
The division of African countries by the British.

19. Boundary Disputes
Locational – interpretation of where boundary is actually drawn
The dispute between Jews and Muslims in Palestine about where the boundary should be.
2. Operational – how the border should function (controlling migration / immigration)
the United States and Mexico disagree over the issue of illegal immigration into the U.S.

20. 3. Allocational – Who has the rights to a resource
Oil dispute between Iraq and Kuwait.
4. Definitional – focus on legal language of agreement
The boundary between Chile and Argentina was supposed to follow the “highest peaks of the Andes Mountains;” however, they almost went to war after discovering oil and gas deposits in the disputed area.
Put it all together… it’s a L.O.A.D.!