3. In this Unit… Big Ideas: Key topics:
Cold War – what, when, why, doctrines, impact
Cold War basics - what, when, why, impact
Cold War propaganda & USSR/US ideas about one another
Berlin Airlift
Korean War
Propaganda
How the Cold War led to American interventions abroad (Berlin, Korea, Guatemala, etc.)
McCarthyism
Guatemala
Space Race
How the Cold War led to changes at home
Arms Race
Cuban Missile Crisis

4. Intro to the cold war

5. The Cold War
Major tensions between America and the Soviet Union erupt into what is known as “The Cold War”

6. The History: Soviet Union & U.S.
History of tensions between Soviet Union and U.S.
In the Russian Revolution of 1917, Russia became a communist country
America had supported the anti-communist resistance
Disagreements over tactics
U.S. didn’t like that Stalin had initially signed a non-aggression pact with Hitler
Soviets didn’t like that the Allies hadn’t helped in Europe sooner
At the end of WWII…tensions rising between the countries

7. Yalta & Potsdam Conferences
Then Yalta & Potsdam Conferences
Disagreements over:
The future of Europe
The post-war goals of each country
The division of conquered lands in Europe
Yalta
Potsdam

8. The Cold War
Definition: A state of military tension, economic competition, political conflict and proxy wars between the U.S. and U.S.S.R.
Divided the world into two sides
Just a few of the results:
Korean War
Berlin Wall
Vietnam War
Nuclear arms race

9. How America sees the U.S.S.R.
How the U.S.S.R. sees America

10. Why?
After WWII, the United States wanted democratic elections in Eastern Europe
The Soviet Union wanted a buffer zone of friendly (Communist) countries in Eastern Europe
To protect it from future attacks from the West.

11. Soviet Control
Even before World War II ended, the Soviet Union had taken over the Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania and parts of Czechoslovakia, Finland, Poland, and Romania.

12. As tensions escalated…
Stalin predicted that Communism would triumph over Capitalism

13. Causes of the Cold War 1. Competition for power and security
2. Mutual distrust
3. Competing ideologies

14. England’s Prime Minister
Winston Churchill:
“A shadow has fallen upon the scenes so lately lighted by the Allied victory…From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the Continent.”
This divided Europe into two zones, one Communist, one Capitalistic.

15. Churchill’s Speech

16. Directions: Sketch on your map
Label the iron curtain
Label which side is Communist and which side is Capitalist

18. The Soviet Union after WWII

19. Stalin’s Response to the Iron Curtain Speech
As a result of the German invasion, the Soviet Union has lost about 7,000,000 people. In other words, the Soviet Union has lost in men several times more than Britain and the United States together.
Therefore, what can be surprising in the fact that the Soviet Union, in a desire to ensure its security for the future, tries to achieve that these countries should have governments whose relations to the Soviet Union are loyal?
Summarize: What does he think?

20. What is a Contagion?
a : rapid communication of an influence (as a doctrine or emotional state)
b : an influence that spreads rapidly

21. The Long Telegram & Containment
George Keenan declared that America needed to contain Communism and keep it from spreading
This policy was adopted by the U.S. and became known as Containment

22. Two different approaches:
1. Militaristic approach
The Truman Doctrine
Help supply/arm countries that wanted to fight communism
2. Economic approach
The Marshall Plan
Give countries $ if they became stable democracies

23. The Truman Doctrine
Truman issued the Truman Doctrine, which declared that America would send money to any countries that wanted to fight Communist takeover.
First up: Greece and Turkey
America gave them $400 million & set up military bases in both countries

24. The Truman Doctrine
Truman: “Nearly every nation must choose between alternative ways of life. The choice is too often not a free one. One way of life is based upon the will of the majority…the second way of life is based up the will of a minority forcibly imposed on the majority…it must be the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation [conquest]…by outside pressures.”
What is Truman saying? How does this make Communism sound?

25. The Marshall Plan
Intended to help war-torn countries rebuild so that they would become stable democracies
Support program of financial aid to these countries
U.S. gave $13 billion to 17 countries
Soviet Union said America was trying to “buy its way” into European affairs

26. Preview: Division of Germany
Note how Germany was provided
On your paper, predict: How might this lead to tensions?

27. Read Now read more about the origins of the Cold War and Containment
What you don’t finish is HW

31. Berlin Airlift Stalin blocked Allied access to West Berlin
This created a shortage of food/goods
Truman didn’t want war but didn’t want to give up West Berlin
Flew in supplies – 13,000 tons of food daily at the height

32. Berlin Airlift Ends
In 1949, Stalin gave up the blockade on West Berlin
But Berlin remained a focal point of conflict between the two sides of the Cold War
(Berlin Wall goes up from 1961 to 1989 to keep East Berlin and West Berlin separated)

33. Step 2: Partner Drawing
Create a poster that explains the following concepts. Each idea must include a graphic or picture!
The Cold War
The causes of the Cold War
The iron curtain
Containment
The Truman Doctrine
The Marshall Plan
The Berlin Airlift
Soviet Flag