1. PHOTONS
Bushong, Chapter 4

2. PHOTONS Smallest quantity of electromagnetic energy
Bundle of energy AKA Quantum
No Mass- electric/magnetic fields- sine waves
Travel at speed of light
Energy disturbances interact with matter
Exists over wide energy range

3. James Clerk Maxwell discovered light and x-rays have electric and magnetic properties.
Sine Wave Model used to help describe the properties of photons.

4. Amplitude-

5. Frequency-

6. Wavelength-

7. C=fXLambda

8. Relationships Between These Terms
Velocity
(C or V)
Decreases
Increases
Frequency
(F)
wavelength
(Lambda)

9. Electromagnetic Energy
Frequency
Wavelength
Energy
What does this relationship tell us about imaging systems?( let’s look at following slide)

11. Match the Units of measurementHZ
Meter
Volts
Energy
Frequency
Wavelength

12. Ionizing Radiation
Ionizing means that the radiation is able to cause changes in the structure of an atom.
80 kVp produces x-rays in the 0-80 keV range
X-rays are artifically produced in an x-ray tube electron cloud
Gamma rays come from inside the nucleus of a radioactive atom

13. Wave and Particle Theories
Visible light identified by wavelength
RF identified by frequency
X-rays are identified by energy
Visible light acts like wave
X-rays act like particles

14. Size of the object VS size of wave (water compared to photons)

15. Energy attenuation and reduction in intensity from scatter and absorption.

16. Energy is reflected when waves crash into a bulkhead
Energy is reflected when waves crash into a bulkhead. It is absorbed by a beach. It is partially absorbed or attenuated by a line of pilings.
Light is also reflected, absorbed, or attenuated, depending on the composition of the surface on which it is incident.

18. Radiolucent VS Radiopaque

19. Definitions ENERGY Reflection Transmission Absorption LIGHT
Transparent
Translucent
Opaque
Important in Radiology
Attenuation
Radiopaque
Radiolucent

20. Inverse Square Law Intensity VS Distance