1. Presented by: Sujay Chowdhury Supervisor: Prof. Kenichi Matsui
Climate Change Adaptation Policy Actions in the Coastal Areas of Bangladesh
Presented by: Sujay Chowdhury
Supervisor: Prof. Kenichi Matsui
Date : 15 January 2018

2. Outline Background Study Area Objectives Methodology
Climate Change Adaptation Policy Actions in the Coastal Areas
Analytical Framework for Bangladesh Climate Change Strategy & Action Plan
Conclusion
Future Work
Reference

3. 1. Background Bangladesh: Most vulnerable countries to climate change
Coastal area: More susceptible to disaster
Urgent and long term actions ‍are taken
Adaptation is the first priority
Effect of cyclone Nargis in 2009
Effect of cyclone Sidr in 2007
Multi-purpose cyclone shelter

4. 2. Study Area-Coastal Areas of Bangladesh
19 districts of Bangladesh
70 major cyclones hit the coastal belt from the past 200 years
about 20% of total land and over 30% of the cultivable lands
0.9 million people died by cyclone throughout last 35 years
35 million population with 8 million highly exposed to disaster
Limited research on climate change policy initiatives
Source: CDMP Phase II

5. To examine climate change adaptation policy actions done by the Government in coastal areas of Bangladesh and
To give policy recommendation for better climate change resilience.
3. Objectives

6. 4. Methodology For policy analytical framework For policy initiatives
Primary source
Project lists of Bangladesh Climate Change Trust & others from 2009 to 2016.
Secondary source
Govt. national plan, programme, policy
online publications, books, governmental reports, international reports, scientific journals and news articles
For policy analytical framework
Secondary source
Govt. national plan & programme from 2004 to till date;
Sectoral policy
Online publications, books, governmental reports, international reports, scientific journals and news articles
For policy initiatives
From 2008 to 2016
Personal working experience

7. 5. Climate Change Adaptation Policy Actions in the Coastal Areas
Name
Year of formulation
Key objectives
CC adaptation issue
Coastal area specific issue
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP) ,
Strengthen national capacity to manage risks related to disasters
Well addressed.
Climate Change Cell established
Livelihood adaption to climate change activities. Flood, storm surge, salinity maps, early warning systems for floods and cyclones
National Adaptation Programme of Action (NAPA)
2005
(Revised in 2009)
Mainstreaming adaptation to CC into national & sect oral policies and plan
15 priority activities for adaptation option
Coastal afforestation with community participation, providing pure drinking water, salt tolerant fish and agriculture

8. 5. Change Adaptation Policy Actions in the Coastal Areas (cont….)
Name
Year of formulation
Key objective
CC adaptation issue
Coastal area specific issue
7th Five Year Plan
Accelerating growth, empowering citizen
Discussed as a separate sector and chapter.
More focus on adaptation
All adaptation activities address the need of coastal people
Perspective Plan
Protect Bangladesh from unpleasant effects of climate change
Adaptation has given the main focus,
Adaptive capacity building, allocation
Integrated coastal zone management
Desalinization of water and land

9. 5. Climate Change Adaptation Policy Actions in the Coastal Areas (cont….)
Name
Year of formulation
Key objective
CC adaptation issue
Coastal area specific issue
National Sustainable Development Strategy (NSDS)
Meet the challenges of economic, social and environmental sustainability
Global sustainable agenda
Climate Change as one of the 7th challenges
Rehabilitation of coastal polder, DRR, coastal afforestation, development of climate tolerant crop variety, utilization of climate funds
Bangladesh Delta Plan 2100 (Draft)
years
Achieve long term ( years) economic growth and environmental sustainability
Safety from climate change related disasters
Goal to reduce salt water intrusion from 40% to 30%, flood vulnerability 88 million to 60 million, cyclone vulnerability 8 million to 7 million by 2020

10. 5. Climate Change Adaptation Policy Actions in the Coastal Areas (cont….)
Name
Year of formulation
Key objective
CC adaptation issue
Coastal area specific issue
Bangladesh Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan (BCCSAP)
2009
Pro-poor, climate resilient and low carbon development
Key policy paper on climate change adaptation
The needs of coastal area under 6 thematic areas

11. Coastal area specific issue
5.1. Sectoral Policy Actions Addressing Climate Change
Policy name
Year of formulation
CC adaptation issue
Coastal area specific issue
Coastal Zone Policy
2005 √
Coastal Development Strategy
2006
National Water Policy
1999 No
National Water Management Plan
2001
National Environmental Action Plan
1995
National Land Use Policy
National Agricultural Policy
2013
The Fisheries Policy
1998
Environment Policy

12. 6. Analytical Framework for BCCSAP
Ten year program ( ) to build the capacity and resilience of the country over the next years
Part of overall development strategy
BCCSAP-Key policy document on CC issue
Feasibility
Gender & Equity
Monitoring & Evaluation
Implementation
Six thematic areas:
Food Security, Social Protection & Health
Comprehensive Disaster Management
Infrastructure
Research and Knowledge Development
Mitigation and Low Carbon Development
Capacity Building and Institutional Strengthening
44 programmes according to short, medium and long term duration

13. 6. Analytical Framework for BCCSAP (Cont…)
Needs Identification
Policy incorporation into national and sectoral planning
Political support and legalization
Stakeholder consultation
6. 1. Feasibility
Politically, socially, legally, technically feasible
Findings

14. 6. Analytical Framework for BCCSAP (Cont…)
Address the needs of women and children
Address the needs of coastal people
Address the needs of marginal farming group
6.2. Gender & Equity
2 programs under 2 themes address the gender issue
only 3 projects
Formulated CC Gender Action Plan in 2013
45% adaptation projects in the coastal area
Findings

15. 6. Analytical Framework for BCCSAP (Cont…)
Key implementers
Funding mechanisms
Capacity building
Internal & external communication
3. Implementation
1. Bangladesh Climate Change Trust Fund ( m USD)
2. Bangladesh Climate Change Resilience Fund ( m USD)
3. Pilot Programme for Climate Resilience (110 m USD)
MoEF and Bangladesh Climate Change Trust
3 major funding mechanisms
2 ADB and one USAID funded projects implemented for capacity building
CC focal point in all relevant ministries
National Steering Committee of CC established
Findings

16. Projects implemented in Coastal Areas under BCCSAP
(From July 2009 to June 2016)
BCCTF: 45% adaptation (164 Nos.) projects implemented in the coastal areas
Sl. No.
Thematic Area
No. of Projects
Total Allocation (%) 1
Food Security, Social Protection and Health 24
14.00 2
Comprehensive Disaster Management 01
0.15 3
Infrastructure
134
84.00 4
Research and Knowledge Management 04
0.74 5
Mitigation and Low-carbon Development
Not considered 6
Capacity Building and Institutional Strengthening
1.11
BCCRF: Two adaptation projects implemented in the coastal areas out of 5;
PPCR: 5 out o 6 adaptation projects implemented in the coastal areas.

17. 6. Analytical Framework for BCCSAP (Cont…)
Key institutions
Capacity
7.4 Monitoring & Evaluation
Monitoring through Project Steering committee & project implementation committee
Monitoring & evaluation branch for BCCT
Implementation, Monitoring & Evaluation Division for evaluation
No common framework
Less capacity and limited resources
Findings

18. Conclusions
Not having any sector specific needs considering vulnerability in BCCSAP
Needs common secretariat to coordinate CC spent
Good monitoring and evaluation systems to be put in place
High degree of awareness of the climate change problem amongst all stakeholders
Strong political support from all the political parties.
Creating government self financed climate change fund, mainstreaming climate change into national plan and separate institutions shows the strong commitment of government

19. Future work
Climate change adaptation policy initiatives of one developed (Netherlands) and one developing coastal country (Maldives) will be compared.

20. References
Asia Foundation. A situation Analysis of Climate Change Adaptation Initiatives in Bangladesh
GED. Seventh Five Year Plan FY FY Accelerating Growth, Empower Citizen. Planning Commission, Government of Bangladesh, Dhaka, 2015.
Minar, M. Z., Hossain, M. B., and Shamsuddin, M. D. Climate Change and Coastal Zone of Bangladesh: Vulnerability, Resilience and Adaptability. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research 13 (1):
MoEF. Bangladesh Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan Ministry of Environment & Forests (MoEF), Government of Bangladesh, Dhaka
MoEF. Second National Communication of Bangladesh to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Ministry of Environment & Forests (MoEF), Government of Bangladesh, Dhaka
MoEF. National Adaptation Programme of Action (NAPA)-Revised. Ministry of Environment & Forests (MoEF), Government of Bangladesh, Dhaka, 2009.
MoEF. Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDC). Ministry of Environment & Forests (MoEF), Government of Bangladesh, Dhaka, 2015.
MoWR. Coastal Zone Policy. Ministry of Water Resources, Government of Bangladesh, 2005.
Rai, N., Huq, S., and Huq, M. J. Climate Resilient Planning in Bangladesh: A Review of Progress and Early Experiences of Moving from Planning to Implementation. Development in Practice, 24:4, , 2014.
UNFCCC. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. UNFCCC Secretariat, Bonn, Germany, United Nations, 1992

21. Thanks for your attention