1. EU as Global Player in New Global (dis)Order
Dr Kamil Zajączkowski
Centre for Europe
University of Warsaw

2. THE EUROPEAN UNION IS NOT STATE AND NOT TYPICALLY INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATION THE EU – NEW TYPE OF INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY

3. THE EUROPEAN UNION become a global actor in international relations/ Cologne European Council declaration of June 1999

4. Permanent diplomatic missions - established around the world (150)
the EU is represented at the United Nations, the WTO, the G8 and the G-20.
population of over 507 million inhabitants (2013)
the EU generated an estimated 26% (US$ trillion) of the global economy (2013)

5. The EU has an approximately 20% share in world trade and accounts for 31% of the overall production of goods and services in the world
the European Union leading position as the world’s largest exporter (estimated value of EU exports amounted to billion euro) and thus outdistanced China (with €889 billion worth of exports), USA (€848 billion) and Japan (about €505 billion)

6. the European Union become a major player in international economic relations (over 30 FTA + 19 EPA)
THE EU is the biggest trading partner for 100 countries (US for 20)
The EU - leader in sustainable economic development and a model of effective and comprehensive integration. It is the world’s largest trade partner and provider of most development and humanitarian aid

7. Apart from its economic performance, the EU has played an important part on the international scene
as conciliator,
promoter of democratic values,
advocate of peaceful solutions to international problems.
maintains diplomatic relations and cooperates with most countries in the world as well as with key world organizations

8. EUROPEAN UNION AS A CIVILIAN POWER
EU USES SOFT POWER NOT HARD POWER
EU USES INSTRUMENTS IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIOS:
POLITICAL
ECONOMIC
FINANCIAL

9. LACK OF…… POLITICAL WILLNESS INSTITUTIONAL CLEARNESS (intergovernm..)
COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH
MILITARY POWER
COMMON STRATEGY
MONEY
POLITICAL LEADERSHIP
BELIEF IN EUROPEAN IDEAS

10. absence of sufficient political will to conduct a "really EU foreign policy (IRAQ, Russia, Kosovo)
a strong dichotomy between the Union’s external economic and commercial relations and its foreign and diplomatic policies
CSDP IS NOT MILITARY POWER
only since 2003 – military and civilan missions in the framework of CSDP (Africa, Balkans, MENA

11. EUROPAN SECURITY STRATEGY (2003) =/= EUROPAN „REALLY” DEFENCE STRATEGY
EU – 1.5 per cent of GDP
US – over 4.5 per cent of GDP
EU – 270 billion USD
US – 707 billion USD (all institutions over 1 trillion)

12. WHO WILL BE A LEADER IN THE EU?
NO ANSWER……..GERMANY…? FRANCE…..?
Economic crises = POPULISM AND EUROSCEPTICISM

13. GLOBAL CHALLENGE/ WEST LOST POWER/EMERGING MARKETS UP
Financial crisis in new emerging structure of international relations
Financial crises 2008 = not global crisis/Western crisis
the GDP of the EU and the US taken together accounted for about 47% of the global GDP
China + ASEAN +Japan + Korea = 36% GDP
Economic growth per year in SUBSAHARAN AFRICA and Latin AMERICA = 5 per cent

14. BREXIT
was held on Thursday 23 June, to decide whether the UK should leave or remain in the European Union
Leave won by 52% to 48%. The referendum turnout was 71.8%, with more than 30 million people voting

15. England voted strongly for Brexit, by 53. 4% to 46
England voted strongly for Brexit, by 53.4% to 46.6%, as did Wales, with Leave getting 52.5% of the vote and Remain 47.5%. Scotland and Northern Ireland both backed staying in the EU. Scotland backed Remain by 62% to 38%, while 55.8% in Northern Ireland voted Remain and 44.2% Leave

16. Legal framework of leaving of EU (article 50)
No nation state has ever left the EU
For the UK to leave the EU it has to invoke an agreement called Article 50 of the Lisbon Treaty which gives the two sides two years to agree the terms of the split
Theresa May - intends to start this process by the end of March 2017, meaning the UK will be expected to have left by the summer of 2019,

17. High Court
Parliament must vote on whether the UK can start the process of leaving the EU, the High Court has ruled
This means the government cannot trigger Article 50 of the Lisbon Treaty - beginning formal exit negotiations with the EU - on its own

18. Theresa May has been given permission by the Supreme Court to appeal against a legal ruling forcing her to give Parliament a vote on the plans for Brexit
The Government has been allowed to appeal against the High Court ruling delivered last week that the Prime Minister must seek MPs' approval to trigger Article 50 of the Lisbon Treaty, launching official Brexit talks 
The challenge will start on 5 December and is expected to last four days

19. THE UK in the EU (global affairs)
NATO
BIGGEST ARMY
US ALLIANCE (E.G. IRAQ, AFGHANISTAN )
ANTI-RUSSIA
SINGLE MARKET NOT STATE
MORE POWER FOR STATES NOT FOR THE UNION
TTIP

20. TRUMP AND EU TTIP NATO/SECURITY IN EUROPE RUSSIA AND SANCTIONS
TRADE AGREEMENST (GLOBAL)
DEFICIT (shortfall) – Trump cut down, implications for EU (big exporters)

21. EU FUTURE EUROZONE (19 countries)
New and Old Member States (WEST AND EAST)
NORTH (Germany) and SOUTH (PIGS)
MULTISPEED EUROPE
FEDERALISM/CONFEDERALISM
STATUS QUO
ECONOMY FIRST, POLITICAL ISSUE LATER

22. SINGLE MARKET IS NOT ENOUGH
Lack of common values
Lack of identity
Lack of common history