1. What to do:
You need
your review
a writing utensil

2. Final Exam Fall 2015
Test Review

3. Foundations of US Policies
Declaration of Independence-established policy of equality
Effects- Made people in other countries question their government
Constitution-Establishes the authority of our government.

4. Amendments
1st- Freedom of Speech, Religion, Press, Petition & Assembly
2nd- Right to Bear Arms
3rd-No quartering of troops
4th- No unreasonable search and Seizure
5th- Must be indicted by a grand jury to stand trial for a crime/ right to not self incriminate

5. Amendments 6th- Right to a speedy trial
7th- right to a jury trial in a civil case
8th- No cruel or unusual punishments
9th- Guarantees individual rights not listed in the Constitution
10th- Guarantees states rights not listed in the constitution

6. Amendments
11th-Gave federal courts power to settle disputes between states
12th- created the electoral college

7. Amendments 13th- Free Slaves
14th- All Natural Born Americans granted Citizenship
15th- Voting Rights to Male Citizens over age 18
16th- Established Federal Income Tax
17th- Direct Election of Senators

8. Amendments 18th- Prohibition of the sale of alcohol
19th- Women’s Suffrage (voting rights)
20th- Dictates who became president if the president dies in office
21st- Repealed Prohibition
22nd- Sets term limits for Presidents at two.

9. Checks and Balances Balance in Jeopardy- Great Depression/ New Deal
Settlement- Homestead Act/ land grants
Railroads- Cheaper to Ship goods
Indians- Conflicts over land
Conflict- Assimilation and Relocation(think reservations)

11. Gilded Age/ Progressive Era
Industrialization- led to unionization
Labor Unions- Sought better pay and working conditions
Interstate Commerce Act- Regulated the railroad to prevent unfair pricing
Progressive Era- promoted the principle of direct democracy/ era of change

12. Gilded Age/ Progressive Era
National Park Service- Created to conserve natural and historic objects and wild life
Child Labor- regulated during the Progressive Era
Women Suffrage- Susan B. Anthony, Seneca Falls/19th Amendment (1920)
Monopolies- busted up by the Sherman Anti- Trust Act

13. Gilded Age/ Progressive Era
Anti-Trust Acts- Sherman Anti-Trust Act- prevented the formation of monopolies
Political Bosses/ machines- Rigged elections
Initiative, Referendum, Recall- Gave people a more direct role in government
Muckraker- Upton Sinclair/ exposed unsanitary practices in Chicago Meat Packing plants. Led to the creation of the FDA(Food and Drug Administration)

14. Gilded Age/ Progressive Era
Populism- free coinage of silver and direct election of senators(the farmers party) William Jennings Bryan was their choice for President/ lost 4 times.
Silver Coinage- wanted to increase the money supply to allow farmers to pay off debt.

15. Rise of American Power Spanish American War Causes-
Sinking of U.S.S. Maine in Havana Harbor, Nativism
Effects-
US became World Power/ Gained Territories like Puerto Rico, The Philippines, and Guam. Led to the construction of the Panama Canal

16. Rise of American Power Theodore Roosevelt- Progressive President
World War 1- Wilsons 14 points stressed cooperation to maintain world peace
M- Militarism
A- Alliance System
I- Imperialism
N- Nationalism

17. Rise of American Power
S- Sussex Pledge- Germany promised not to sink any American Ships
L- Lusitania- British Ship sunk that had American passengers
U- Unrestricted Submarine Warfare- disrupted international trade/ aggressive action by Germany against the US
T- Treaties and Alliances- US had major trade relationships with England and France
Z- Zimmerman Telegram- Germany tried to get Mexico to agree to invade the US

18. Rise of American Power
Military Innovations- Inventions like Tanks helped break the stalemate of trench warfare
Home front- People rationed goods and pitched in for the war effort
Selective Service Act- created a draft to increase the size of the military
Espionage Act- allowed postal authorities to ban treasonable or seditious newspapers, magazines, or printed materials from the mail

19. Roaring 20s
Prosperity- characterized by installment plans, Prohibition, Flappers
Return to Normalcy- recover from the war of the previous decade
Teapot Dome Scandal- exposed corruption in government
Henry Ford- Created Mass-manufacturing techniques to maximize production
Assembly Line- made production much faster

20. Roaring 20s
Prohibition- Made the manufacture, distribution, and sale of alcohol illegal
Red Scare- fear that communists were infiltrating the United States
Nativism- promoted restrictions on immigration
Great Migration- economic opportunities in industrialized cities pulled many African Americans North
Harlem Renaissance- Jazz became prominent, a celebration of African American heritage and culture

21. Great Depression/ New Deal
Causes- Bank Failures, Economic Policy of the Federal Reserve, High Tariffs, Stock Market Speculation, Stock Market Crash
Effects- mixed results, widespread business failures, government assumed role of providing economic stability,

22. Great Depression/ New Deal
Smoot-Hawley Tariff- Tax on imports, led to a decline in international trade
Herbert Hoover- Blamed for the depression largely for inaction
Hoovervilles- Shantytown housing, usually located on public land or in parks
Dust Bowl- Causes: prolonged drought and poor farming practices
Effects: Many farmers moved West

23. Great Depression/ New Deal
New Deal- Programs designed to provide Relief, Recovery, and Reform during the Great Depression
Long Term Effects- People rely more on the Federal Government during times of economic distress
FDIC- Federal Depositors Insurance Corporation, Guarantees individual bank deposits
SEC- Securities Exchange Commission, regulates the stock market
Social Security- Old Age Retirement program, provides income for retired workers

24. Great Depression/ New Deal
Court Packing- Roosevelt’s attempt to add 6 justices to the supreme court
Franklin D. Roosevelt’s Critics- Critical of his New Deal Policies/ programs

25. Great Depression/ New Deal
Huey Long- “Share the Wealth” Wanted to re-distribute wealth among the poor
Father Coughlin- Used radio show to criticize. Wanted free coinage of silver.
Francis Townsend- wanted to create an old age pension program
Conservatives- felt Roosevelt was abusing his executive power