2. Chapter 9
Newsroom Production

3. Objectives
Recognize the different story types broadcast during a newscast.
Explain the elements of a package.
Identify the various abbreviations used on a newscast script.
Recall the workflow and responsibilities involved in a typical day in a newsroom.
Explain the differences between the many different types of news stories.

4. Broadcast Journalism Classes
Career training classes
Video production
Broadcast journalism
Students often create news program
Modeled after real-world broadcast newsrooms

5. Prime Directive Report news truthfully and completely with facts only
Allow viewers to form their own opinions based on all facts
Do not allow viewers to determine how reporter feels about any story

6. Airing Stories Many methods for getting stories out
Fastest way is through IFB (Interrupted Feedback System)
Producer feeds breaking news directly to anchor
Goodheart-Willcox Publisher

7. Types of Stories
Reader VO
VO-SOT
SOT
Sound bite
Package

8. Reader Script
Goodheart-Willcox Publisher

9. VO Script

10. VO-SOT Script

11. Packages Stories shot and edited prior to newscast
1 1/2 to 2 minutes long
Extended package: 2-4 minutess
Documentary: minutes
News package: covers hard news

12. Soft News Packages Also called ‘feature packages’ or ‘features’ Cover:
Soft news/current events
Human interest stories
Personality features

13. The Stand-up Stand-up is story-telling tool
Establishes that news team was at location
If reporter takes part in story, audience feels as if they participate, too
michaeljung/Shutterstock.com

14. Ethical Editing News media must be truthful in all stories reported
Packages are edited extensively to fit TRT
Edit as necessary but do not alter content or context of message

15. Live Shot
Requires technology for field reporter to transmit live from location
Conversation between field reporter and studio anchor is possible
“Live” called out in graphic on screen
Reporter uses standard outro to shift back to studio anchor

16. Newscast Scripting
Uses two-column format to show changes in audio and video source
Scripting software pre-formats scripts for different members of production team
Newscasts can include unscripted material to fill gaps

17. Fully Scripted Newscast Script

18. Newscast Script Abbreviations

19. On-Air Appearance Newscaster credibility affected by:
Appearance and behavior
Speech (clarity/enunciation)
Newscaster credibility = newscaster employability

20. Discussion Discuss on-air appearance Why does it matter?
Should it matter?
Should intended audience be taken into account?
What standards should your facility have?

21. On-Air Sound Quality Warm up your voice! Protect your voice!
Voice quality can be affected by:
Caffeinated beverages
Milk products
Some medicines

22. Voiceover Sound Quality
Work in a quiet, non-echoic environment to prevent “bucket sound”
Read from clear 20pt font printout
Avoid page turns (noise)
Practice pronouncing names which should be phonetically spelled

23. The Newsroom Day Morning Meeting Beats report in Stories are pitched
Decisions are made about rundown’s contents

24. Typical Rundown First Draft
Hard local news
Hard national news
Lighter news
Sports
Weather
Arts, entertainment, evergreen filler

25. Rundown A living document—not set in stone!
Will change as events change or more important stories come up
Everyone must be able to quickly adapt to changes to the rundown!

26. The Newsroom Day Reporters do research and head out to shoot stories
Reporters come back in to begin writing and editing story to fit TRT
Producer indicates on rundown exact length each story must be
Reporters typically do at least two stories per day

27. The Newsroom Day (Cont.)
Three shifts throughout the day: daytime, evening, and overnight
Shifts end and begin as newscasts run
During early evening newscast, daytime shift ends and evening shift begins
During late evening newscast, evening shift ends and overnight shift begins

28. Media Convergence
Journalism—print, Internet, and broadcast are all converging
Broadcast journalists expected to post news content to station’s website
Reporter must learn to write audio for TV as well as text for web—two different skills!
Katyr/Shutterstock.com

29. Career Page SchoolJournalism.org Broadcast Journalism in High Schools
Journalism training modules
Tutorials, quizzes, and lessons
Resources for students and instructors
News on upcoming events, like conventions and workshops