1. Human Growth and Development
Human growth and development is the study of how people change as they go through life.
Development is similar for everyone, but each person grows and develops at an individual rate.
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Human Growth and Development
All people grow, develop, and age. Human growth and development is the study of how people change as they go through life.
Development is similar for everyone. However, each person grows and develops at an individual rate. Development builds on earlier learning. And it is a continuous process throughout the life span.

2. Areas of Development
Physical development - all the bodily changes that occur as a person grows and ages.
Intellectual development - a person’s ability to learn something and then apply this knowledge to new problems and experiences.
Emotional development - changes in a person’s ability to establish a unique identity and express feelings.
Social development - learning to interact with other people.
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Areas of Development
There are four areas of human growth and development: physical, intellectual, emotional, and social.
Physical development concerns all the bodily changes that occur as a person grows and ages.
Intellectual development is also called “cognitive” development. It deals with a person’s ability to learn something and then apply this knowledge to new problems and experiences.
Emotional development deals with changes in a person’s ability to establish a unique identity. Emotional development also involves the ability to express feelings.
Social development involves learning to interact with other people.
Physical, intellectual, emotional, and social development are interrelated. In other words, every area of development is influenced by one or more of the other areas of development.

3. Hierarchy of Human Needs
A psychologist named Abraham Maslow developed a system of basic human needs.
Hierarchy of human needs:
Food, shelter, bodily comfort
Safety, security
To feel loved, have a sense of belonging
Self-esteem, approval
Desire to live up to one’s potential
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Hierarchy of Human Needs
A psychologist named Abraham Maslow determined that humans have some common basic needs. He organized these basic human needs into a system. The system is called the hierarchy of human needs.
The most basic human need is for food, shelter, and bodily comfort.
The second human need is for safety and security.
The third human need is to feel loved and have a sense of belonging.
The fourth human need is self-esteem and approval.
The fifth human need is the desire to live up to one’s potential.
According to Maslow, people naturally develop and grow to fulfill these basic human needs.

4. Erik Erikson

5. Erik Erikson’s Theory of Personality Development
Life is a series of 8 stages from birth to death
Must meet challenge or crisis of each stage.
Positive outcome / negative outcome
How you meet challenge affects personality development.

6. Stage 1: Trust and Mistrust Birth to One Year
Positive outcome
love, affection and stable environment = trust
Negative outcome mistreated, abused or neglected = mistrust.

7. Stage 2: Autonomy and Doubt Ages One to Three
Seek to control self & environment.
Positive outcome
Freedom to explore = autonomy or self confidence
Negative outcome
No freedom = feeling of worthlessness.

8. Stage 3: Initiative and Guilt Ages Three to Five
Child expresses desire to take initiative in activities
Positive outcome
Master peer relationships and language
Negative outcome
Child develops feelings of guilt that will affect self-directed activity throughout life

9. Stage 4: Industry and Inferiority Ages Six to Eleven
Child develops cognitive abilities to enable in task completion (school work, play)
Positive outcome
Self discipline and development of natural talents.
Negative outcome
Feeling of inferiority.

10. Stage 5: Identity and Identity Confusion Ages Twelve to Eighteen
Form ego identity & self-image
Positive outcome
Build sense of identity/self, who they are, what they want to do, what they believe in.
Negative outcome
No identity = identity confusion

11. Stage 6: Intimacy and Isolation Ages Nineteen to Thirty five
Work to build intimacy and mutual caring.
Positive outcome
Marriage and children
Negative outcome
No intimacy = loneliness and isolation.

12. Stage 7: Generativity and Stagnation Ages Thirty five to Fifty
Active involvement in contributing something lasting to world.
Positive outcome
Raise children, activities, community service
Negative outcome
Unable to contribute = boredom, restlessness, feeling that life is useless.

13. Stage 8: Integrity and Despair Ages Fifty and Up
Evaluation of entire life
Positive outcome
Look back on life with contentment.
Negative outcome
Good perspective on life.
No integrity = despair.

14. Summary No one moves through all 8 stages with only successes.
Successes need to outnumber the failures.
Can become stuck in a stage.
Struggle to create a healthy personality is what makes life satisfying.