1. H.B. O'Connell HEP Info Summit DESY 20-21 May 2008
Goals for HEP
Heath O’Connell
H.B. O'Connell HEP Info Summit DESY May 2008

2. What do physicists want from us?
Access to full-text (strongest interest).
Search accuracy: find the right information.
Coverage: a central place with everything.
Citation analysis: co-citation, author citation, etc
Conference proceedings.
Experimental and Theoretical Results
All instances of a result (notes, conf, article).
Access to the data in tables and figures.
Computer codes
Published comments and replies
H.B. O'Connell HEP Info Summit DESY May 2008

3. How the achieve this? Three corners of triangle
Scientific Community
inSPIRE using portal-role to bring involvement of scientific community.
Author identification, metadata sharing (CrossRef), peer review, published articles
Traditional information curation.
Publishers:
APS
Elsevier
Springer
IEEE
Information Resources:
inSPIRE
arXiv
ADS
PDG
Sliding scale along this axis
H.B. O'Connell HEP Info Summit DESY May 2008

4. User generated content
Poll: If a simple web interface would show you an article and offer a set of categories to which it could belong, how much time would you spend in this tagging system to give a service to the community?
Willing scientist FTE > current library staff.
Incredible community response with incomparable scientific knowledge.
How to harness this important resource?
Web 2.0!
We would share this information with anyone.
H.B. O'Connell HEP Info Summit DESY May 2008

5. User-generated content for SPIRES 1998-2008
12,000 HEPNAMES records verified.
10,000 article reference lists added.
10,000 articles added.
1,300 job listings added.
3 FTE years from scientists (5 min each).
1/2 FTE year in staff time just to cut-and-paste this information from to database (1 min. each).
H.B. O'Connell HEP Info Summit DESY May 2008

6. Harnessing the hidden workforce
Tagging/correcting/updating records must be easy, automatic, standardized
Simple login interface, restricted to community
Drop down menus to, e.g., authority files such as author names, experiments, institutions, journal names and keywords.
Obvious and rational conventions.
Commenting, ranking and enriching records.
H.B. O'Connell HEP Info Summit DESY May 2008

7. A Web 2.0 Approach for Records
H.B. O'Connell HEP Info Summit DESY May 2008

8. A Web 2.0 Approach (continued)
H.B. O'Connell HEP Info Summit DESY May 2008

9. H.B. O'Connell HEP Info Summit DESY 20-21 May 2008
Access to Full-text
Poll: 85% responded that access to full-text “very important” (highest rated issue).
Older preprints, might require scanning: Time intensive, but worthy
Immediate interest in Fermilab’s scanning of 1950’s MURA reports.
SLAC scanned with permission “The Two Mile Accelerator” and posted it, huge number of hits.
CERN put 12,000 CERN-TH on the web
Import from KEK scans
Scanning at CERN from collection
ing authors for copies
Asking publishers for permission to scan papers
Import from publishers via mutual agreement.
H.B. O'Connell HEP Info Summit DESY May 2008

10. Full-text: A role for authors
Many authors have pre-arXiv TeX files or paper preprints they could scan.
Potential for thousands of papers to be uploaded to the web.
Personal web pages not archivally stable.
What is the most sensible way to do this?
H.B. O'Connell HEP Info Summit DESY May 2008

11. Older preprints are not being deposited at arXiv
Submission date-stamp and “new” list of arXiv is important feature for precedence, distributing latest scholarship.
Authors reluctant to submit older papers.
50K+ hep-ph papers, only 29 before 1991.
40K+ hep-th papers, only 37 before 1991.
Also a problem for Ph.D. theses.
H.B. O'Connell HEP Info Summit DESY May 2008

12. Need a place for older preprints
inSPIRE will establish a drop box for authors older preprints and other unpublished material.
Would need an automatic way to link to record in INSPIRE or create a record in INSPIRE if one didn’t exist.
“Click here to upload full-text of paper.”
H.B. O'Connell HEP Info Summit DESY May 2008

13. Better organizing the data
Scientists use limited search criteria:
Author, title, citation
Difficult to find all papers on a topic
Powerful classification is non-trivial:
Hundreds of thousands of terms and articles
Assignment cannot be done by non-scientists
A taxonomy is required to enable, e.g.:
Automatic classification from full-text
Improved search tools and display of results
Finding related articles
Assessing article relevance
Finding reviews.
H.B. O'Connell HEP Info Summit DESY May 2008

14. Different schemes exist
PACS
Field Codes:
corresponding to arXiv classification
Keywords:
author keywords (non standardized)
DESY-KW
other KW-taxonomies exist, e.g. INSPEC
all implemented already in INSPIRES
H.B. O'Connell HEP Info Summit DESY May 2008

15. H.B. O'Connell HEP Info Summit DESY 20-21 May 2008
HEP Taxonomy
evolving from DESY thesaurus, contains
related / narrower / broader / composite
descriptions / comments / synonyms
enables automated keywording
by text-mining
recommendation system (already implemented)
proposes KWs
selected and supplemented by physicists
H.B. O'Connell HEP Info Summit DESY May 2008

16. H.B. O'Connell HEP Info Summit DESY 20-21 May 2008
KW Example
symmetry breaking
alt: broken symmetry related: violation narrow: dynamical symmetry breaking spontaneous symmetry breaking
symmetry
related: invariance narrow: asymmetry hidden symmetry horizontal symmetry kappa symmetry supersymmetry symmetry breaking composite:
violation
alt: violat\w+ non[-\s]*conserv\w+ related: symmetry breaking
symmetry: Becchi-Rouet-Stora symmetry: Lorentz symmetry: O(N) symmetry: SU(3) x SU(2) x U(1) x U(1) symmetry: chiral time: symmetry …: … …: …
a wealth of information esp. in composite KWs
100 composites with ‘symmetry’
H.B. O'Connell HEP Info Summit DESY May 2008

17. Improving the Implementation
scientists help through Web 2.0
automated assignment of Field Codes
linguistic algorithms
intelligent search tools
H.B. O'Connell HEP Info Summit DESY May 2008

18. H.B. O'Connell HEP Info Summit DESY 20-21 May 2008
Towards common goals
Currently SPIRES is taking feeds from the APS, arXiv, Elsevier, IEEE, IOP and Springer.
85% of scientists use community resources to find an article and access the full-text (Google another 12%, probably full-text searching).
Key role here for publishers and libraries work together in ensuring system is comprehensive and articles can be found easily by scientists.
inSPIRE will receive lots of metadata from authors, that we want to share with others.
How do we do this without duplication?
H.B. O'Connell HEP Info Summit DESY May 2008

19. H.B. O'Connell HEP Info Summit DESY 20-21 May 2008
Who’s Who of Science
Increasing problems of identifying authors.
Collaborations with hundreds of people.
Ambiguous names, many languages. APS has recently introduced innovative system for Chinese names.
Want to find single author’s papers to judge scientific output.
Clear need for author ID system.
HEPNAMES – 12,000 verified records.
Requires constant updating and help from scientific community.
H.B. O'Connell HEP Info Summit DESY May 2008

20. HEPNAMES record: author identified, community standard ID needed
H.B. O'Connell HEP Info Summit DESY May 2008

21. Data from plots and figures
Refined, published data, such as plot of cross-section v. energy, easily understood.
Useful for fitting with phenom. models.
Could be uploaded with paper as text file.
Otherwise software can accurately extract numbers from figures.
Durham REACTIONS database has over 5,000 records for papers with data.
We want to develop “Google Table” and “Google Plot” (like Google Images).
H.B. O'Connell HEP Info Summit DESY May 2008

22. H.B. O'Connell HEP Info Summit DESY 20-21 May 2008
Conclusion:
Unification of HEP literature in all forms.
Author names, etc standardized with ID.
New standardized taxonomy organizes the literature.
Web 2.0 harnesses willing scientists.
Putting resources in common to advance the common good, publishers, inSPIRE, ADS and arXiv work together, develop synergies to present the scientific literature to the community.
Future plans evolve with the HEP community.
H.B. O'Connell HEP Info Summit DESY May 2008