1. The Rock Cycle and Rocks
Igneous Rocks
Metamorphic and Sedimentary Rocks
Minerals #1
Minerals #2
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2. The Rock Cycle for 100
Define rock.
Mixture of one or more minerals, rock fragments, volcanic glass, organic matter, or other natural materials.
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3. The Rock Cycle for 200
Explain how rocks differ from minerals.
Minerals are naturally occurring crystalline solids with definite chemical compositions. Rocks most often are mixtures of more than one mineral or other natural materials.
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4. The glue represented minerals.
The Rock Cycle for 300
In the mini-lab using glue and coarse sand to represent rock formation, what did the glue represent?
The glue represented minerals.
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5. The Rock Cycle for 400
Compare and contrast igneous and metamorphic rock formation.
Both form at relatively high temperatures. Igneous rocks solidify from melted rock material; metamorphic rocks begin and remain in the solid state as they form.
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6. The Rock Cycle for 500
Verbally develop a poem that explains what can happen to a sedimentary rock as it changes throughout the rock cycle.
Story must include a logical pathway through the rock cycle.
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7. Explain the difference between magma and lava.
Igneous Rocks for 100
Explain the difference between magma and lava.
Magma is molten rock below the Earth’s surface, lava is molten rock on the Earth’s surface.
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8. Igneous Rocks for 200
Explain the difference between intrusive and extrusive igneous rock.
Intrusive igneous rock is rock that forms from magma below the Earth’s surface. Extrusive rock is rock that forms from lava at the Earth’s surface.
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9. Igneous Rocks for 300
The texture of obsidian is best described as glassy. Why does obsidian contain few or no mineral grains?
Obsidian solidifies so quickly that there is no time for mineral grains to form.
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10. Igneous Rocks for 400
Identify the property of magma that causes it to be forced upward toward the Earth’s surface.
Magma is less dense than the surrounding rocks and is forced upward.
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11. Igneous Rocks for 500
Granite, pumice, and scoria are igneous rocks. Why doesn’t granite have air holes like the other two?
Because granite is an intrusive rock. Pumice and scoria form above ground where escaping gases can form bubbles in lava.
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12. Metamorphic and Sedimentary Rocks for 100
What is foliation? How does it form?
TUESDAY TRIPLE!!
Foliation is the planar layering caused by the orientation and distribution of mineral grains in a metamorphic rock. Foliation is caused by pressure-induced deformation within Earth.
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13. Metamorphic and Sedimentary Rocks for 200
During which process do minerals precipitate in the spaces between sediment grains?
Compaction
Weathering
Cementation
Conglomerate
C. cementation
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14. Metamorphic and Sedimentary Rocks for 300
What is a rock? How is rock different from a mineral?
A rock is a mixture minerals, volcanic glass, organic matter, or other materials. A is a mixture; minerals are not.
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15. Metamorphic and Sedimentary Rocks for 400
Explain how pieces of granite and slate could both be found in the same pieces of conglomerate. How would granite and slate pieces be held together?
Granite and slate could be weathered in separate locations, then transported and deposited in the same location. Mineral cements would hold grains together.
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16. Metamorphic and Sedimentary Rocks for 500
Marble is a common material used to make sculptures, but not just because it’s a beautiful stone. What properties of marble make it useful for this purpose?
Marble is soft enough that it is easy to shape. It is composed of mainly calcite, which has a hardness of only 3 on the Mohs Hardness Scale.
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17. Minerals #1 for 100 Define mineral.
It is a naturally occurring, inorganic solid with a definite chemical composition and an orderly arrangement of atoms.
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18. Minerals #1 for 200
Are diamonds made in a laboratory considered a mineral? Why or why not?
No; because the diamonds are made in the lab, they are NOT naturally occurring.
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19. Minerals #1 for 300
All minerals share the following characteristics EXCEPT that of…
being formed by natural processes
being formed from living organisms
being solids
having the atoms within the mineral arranged in a pattern b.
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20. Minerals #1 for 400
Muscovite mica will peel off in flat sheets. This is an example of the physical characteristic called…
cleavage
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21. The mineral can no longer be mined for a profit.
Minerals #1 for 500
If the cost of separating a mineral from waste rock becomes too great, the mineral may no longer be classified as an ore. This happens because…
The mineral can no longer be mined for a profit.
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22. A measure of how easily a mineral can be scratched.
Minerals #2 for 100
Define hardness.
A measure of how easily a mineral can be scratched.
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23. Minerals #2 for 200 A mineral is classified as an ore as long as…
a. it is rare and beautiful
b. it can be used as jewelry
c. it is profitable and useful
d. it is solid and natural
c. it is profitable and useful
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24. Minerals #2 for 300 Describe how vein minerals form.
Vein minerals form when minerals precipitate from fluids moving along faults or fractures.
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25. Minerals #2 for 400
Describe how streak is used to distinguish between gold and pyrite.
Rub the samples across a ceramic tile streak plate. Pyrite shows a greenish-black streak. Gold leaves a yellow streak.
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26. Minerals #2 for 500
How would a collector of minerals determine the hardness of an unknown mineral specimen?
A collector would use the Mohs scale of hardness and would use scratch tests against known minerals.
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