1. Artificial intelligence in medical education
OBJECTIVES
Definition
Applications
Implications

2. Authors Hasan T , Hussein A , Bani I , Fauzi.M Faculty of medicine
Jazan university
KSA

3. Artificial intelligence ?
Intelligent autonomous machines

4. Pervasive phenomenon
AI must influence & change the course of medical education ?

5. Increased student loads
New information over-loads
New concepts in research data analysis
AI has emerged as a powerful adjunct to human intelligence.

6. AI Stepped in a big way & is here to stay…

7. Visual sciences Medical image teaching systems (M.I.T.S)
Anatomy, Radiology, Pathology
Digital Archieves scans, images
Cells organ systems
Zoom IN / OUT
Choose his own tutoring time
Multiple /quick visual comparisons

8. MITS limitations Unable to know "what" it is teaching ?
More complex queries (beyond anticipations of programmer)
Track student's developing expertise

9. Virtual digital dissection labs
Clean
Comfortable ?
Confidently face the picture of death?
Morphology mosaic of real human body?

10. NO
Technology can simulate but NEVER equate with reality.

11. Traditional didactic lectures PAST
AITS Modern “ light weight” tutor
E-learning
“Self access” web based knowledge
Good in terms of
Student overloads
Time constraints
Distance education

12. Learning in the campus of future?
Med. Student----flashy gadgets----i-pads ,i-phones, laptops
Products designed for a specific target market.
HYPE
RICH
URBAN
Is that the only kind of people I want to teach ?

13. Beneath the pleasant façade AITS
Emotional dynamics ?----teacher *** student relation
Unique Qualities of Human teacher
Reforms/adjusts his strategies
Perception level & learning behavior of student
AITS ---- One for all and all for one
This is hardly an ideal interface for any information exchange system.

14. Restricted natural language analysis
Limited vocabulary---stereotype responses
Creative human communication
Information exchange Dull ; dogmatic
Wider picture
Linear transmission model------Limited interactivity-----potential isolation of learners------threat to sense of community

15. AI offers infinite access to information Ocean of unabridged knowledge just a click away
Very good for masters.
What about beginners?
Sieve out ?
Pr. Rel. / Th. Superf.
Learner---baffled
unfathomable data.
Compromise core knowledge establishment

16. AI in clinics of medical education has worked wonders
EHRS (Electronic hospital record systems)
Telemedicine
Bioinformatics
Virtual patients
CDSS (clinical decision support systems)
Assist & surpass us in tasks

17. It seems they do everything.
Emotional condition of the patient ?
Cultural competency skills of community based health care ?
The art of medical reasoning?

18. CDSS --"Spoon feeding" diagnosis decisions--medical students
WHEN WILL THEY SHARPEN THEIR OWN CLAWS ?
Cognitive skills ; Therapeutic instincts ; Diagnostic wisdom
AI may retard
Judgment & problem solving behavior
Knowledge gaps
fixed framework ; pre-structured ; inflexible clinical data
“We need to figure out tools that will make our students smarter and not dumber”.

19. Simulated patients Are safe; no doubt
Present a small fraction of
clinical problems
Limited interaction
CLOSED BOX MODEL
Real life emergency calls
unpredictable &
Not reduced to electronic chips of pre-set data

20. Virtual environments******** an unreal world
Train (average level ) following certain protocols in clinical skills
Can not grant professional wisdom.

21. Tech /organizational barriers of AI systems
User acceptance & motivation problems
Limited computer literacy
Single type computer hardware.
Logistic pressures
Costly
Technologically sophisticated -----practically unusable in classroom setting

22. Designing a cognitive support system is a daunting task.

23. Highly organized coordination at every level
perfect balance impossible
Lack of cultural discernment AI systems
design not universal.
Evaluation difficult
------abstract concepts ----
learning , psychology,
pedagogy , application.

24. AI ------ Indispensable?
If Circuits of these informative tools become ‘fuzzed out’
Big havoc ?

25. Minds , Machines & Morals
The existence of artificial intelligence that rivals human intelligence inspires hopes as well as fears.
Ethical , Social , Legal issues

26. The student being taught by a virtual teacher
May be tempted by wandering ideas********
Switch "on" and switch "off " tutor mood swings.
Sometimes, valuable information needs to be “force-drilled”

27. AI has produced therapists, chat-bots, guide-bots & tutors.
ELIZA, PARRY , ADELE,
ISIS TUTOR , STEVE
passed the TURING test
( mistaken-real person)
We require genuine feelings of empathy, care & respect from these positions

28. Ethico- legal implications of AI diagnostic aids CDSS
unthinkingly follow the advice projected on the digital screen ? Or
apply their own clinical judgment
even if it's against the set protocol?

29. Through AI we are trying to simulate the human being.
Speech synthesizers;
Bionic eyes;
Clone cells;
Humanoid robots.
Scientists ----duplicate the human brain----molecular level.

30. Are we trying to surpass millions of years of natural evolution ?
Are we trying to play God ?

31. The present computer is already many times intelligent than the average human brain.
Next 10 yrs------
500 times intelligent than us {Moore's law}
Super intelligent autonomous entities
-----Intent / capability of smart machines------unpredictable / unimaginable by humans--

32. Machine with right inputs & outputs can have a conscious “self aware” mind like us
If a" smart machine" starts behaving un-ethically.
Who will be held accountable?
Man or Machine ?

33. Lab experiment in Switzerland.
Hard to believe?
Lab experiment in Switzerland.
Machines designed to cooperate ---learn to lie & cheat for beneficial energy source Unethical ;Dishonesty trait ----not programed struggle for survival
Laboratory of Intelligent Systems in the Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale of Lausanne, Switzerland

34. Concluding note
Progress oriented Education in medicine is a complex & demanding phenomenon.
Most of us " traditional, human based system".
The modern generation "machine based system“ yet to prove it's mettle .

35. Best gadget ever ?