1. PRESENTATION BY :- SUVIL SHARMA 0832EC111078

2. Introduction What is BLUE BRAIN?? What is VIRTUAL BRAIN ? Why do we need virtual brain? Function of brain Brain stimulation Uploading human brain Current research work Blue brain objectives Hardware and software required Advantages and disadvantages of blue brain Conclusion

3. IINTRODUCTION  Human brain, the most valuable creation of God.  The man is called intelligent because of the Brain. But we loss the knowledge of a brain when the body is destroyed after the death.  That knowledge might have been used for the development of the human society.  Is it really possible to create a human brain?

4. Introduction(cont..)  “ YES”, The IBM is now developing a virtual brain known as the “BLUE BRAIN”.  It would be the worlds first virtual brain. Within 30 years, we will be able to scan ourselves into the computers.

5. BLUE BRAIN  Blue brain ” –The name of the world's first virtual brain. That means a machine that can function as human brain.  Today scientists are in research to create an artificial brain that can think, response, take decision, and keep anything in memory.  The main aim is to upload human brain into machine. So that man can think, take decision without any effort. After the death of the body, the virtual brain will act as the man.  Even after the death of a person we will not loose the knowledge, intelligence, personalities, feelings and memories of that man that can be used for the development of the human society.

6. Examples of blue brain :  A very good example of utilisation of blue brain is the case of “short term memory”.

7. A another situation is that when a person gets older, then he starts forgetting or takes a bit more time to recognize to a person.  For the above reason we need a blue brain. It is a simple chip that can be installed into the human brain for which the short term memory and volatile memory at the old age can be avoided.

8. What is virtual brain??  Virtual brain is an artificial brain, which is not actually the natural brain, but can act as the brain.  It can take decision.  It can think.  It can respond.  It can keep things in memory.

9. Why do we need virtual brain?  Intelligence, knowledge and skill of a person can be made eternal.  We can upload the contents of natural brain into it.  Things can be made easy as everything is automated.

10. Function of brain :  Sensory Input :- Receiving input such as sound,image, etc through sensory cell.  Interpretation :- Interpretation of the received input by the brain by defining states of neurons in the brain.  Motor Output :- Receiving of electric responses from the brain to perform any action.

11. Brain stimulation : Natural brain Vs Stimulated brain INPUT INPUT Through the natural Through the silicon neurons. chip or artificial neurons. INTERPRETATION By different states By a set of bits in a set of of neurons in the register. brain.

12. Natural brain Stimulated brain OUTPUT OUTPUT Through the natural Through the silicon neuron. chip. PROCESSING PROCESSING Through arithmetic and logical calculations. and logical calculation and artificial itelligence. MEMORY Through permanent Through Secondary states of neurons. memory.

13. Uploading humain brain...  The uploading is possible by the use of small robots known as the nanobots.  These robots are small enough to travel through out our circulatory system.  Traveling into the spine and brain, they will be able to monitor the activity and structure of our central nervous system.

14.  They will be able to provide an interface with computer while we still reside in our biological form.  Nanobots could also carefully scan the structure of our brain, providing a complete readout of the connection.  This information, when entered into a computer, could then continue to function as us.  Thus the data stored in the entire brain will be uploaded into the computer.

15. Blue brain model visualisation :  The representation shows the part of the brain which has been modeled using a supercomputer.  The visualization is part of an ambitious project to create a biologically accurate, functional model of the brain using IBM's Blue Gene.

16. Current research work :  IBM developing the “Blue brain”.  IBM, in partnership with scientists at Switzerland’s Ecole Polytechnique Federal De Lausanne’s (EPFL) Brain and Mind Institute will begin simulating the brain’s biological systems. The blue brain supercomputer at Lausanne, Switzerland

17. The blue gene supercmputer at Argonne National Lab

19. Blue brain objectives :  The project will search for insights into how human beings think and remember.  Scientists think that blue brain could also help to cure the Parkinson’s disease.  The brain circuitry is in a complex state of flux, the brain rewiring itself every moment of its existence. If the scientists can crack open the secret of how and why the brain does it, the knowledge could lead to new breed of supercomputers.

20. Hardware and software required :  A super computer.  Memory with a very large storing capacity(256MB to 512MB memory per processor).  Linux and C++ software.  100 kilowatts power consumption  Processor with a very high processing power.  A very wide network.  A program to convert the electric impulses from the brain to input signal, which is to be received by the computer, and vice versa.  Very powerful Nanobots to act as the interface between the natural brain and the computer.

21. Advantages :  We can remember things without any effort.  Decision can be made without the presence of a person.  Even after the death of a man his intelligence can be used.  The activity of different animals can be understood. That means by interpretation of the electric impulses from the brain of the animals, their thinking can be understood easily.  It would allow the deaf to hear via direct nerve stimulation, and also be helpful for many psychological diseases. By downloading the contents of the brain that was uploaded into the computer, the man can get rid from the madness.

22. Disadvantages :  We will be susceptible to new forms of harm.  We become dependent upon the computer systems.  Others may use technical knowledge against us.  Computer viruses will pose an increasingly critical threat.  The real threat, however, is the fear that people will have of new technologies. That fear may culminate in a large resistance. Clear evidence of this type of fear is found today with respect to human cloning.

23. Conclusion :  We will be able to transfer ourselves into computers at some point.  It will bring both benefits and harm to human society.  Very soon this technology will be highly accepted whole over the world