1. Disability Free Life Expectancy (2011) in Goa: Some Implications For Health Policy
Dr. M.S. Kulkarni
Associate Professor in Statistics & Demography Goa Medical College, Bambolim-Goa

2. Introduction :
India is presently experiencing health transition with more burden due to non communicable diseases and also increase in life expectancy
Life expectancy is the number of years that a person of a particular age can expected to survive under existing mortality rates.
Focus on indicators of the quality of life lived (life spent in a healthy state) rather than on the quantity (life expectancy).
Disability Free Life Expectancy (DFLE) is the extension of life expectancy proposed by Sullivan (1971).
DFLE is an important summary measure of population health status combining longevity with functional health status.

3. DFLE represents the expected number of years of remaining
disability-free life a member of the life table cohort
Population ageing & growth in numbers of the very old, LE increases will necessarily mean better population health overall.
Health expectancies such as disability-free life expectancy (DFLE) are useful for monitoring trends and inequalities in population health.

4. Objectives :
To calculate the life expectancy and disability free life expectancy for the state of Goa
To find the differentials in life expectancy and disability free life expectancy by gender.

5. Material and methods:
The data for present study includes all the registered deaths in the state of Goa for the year 2011 was collected from Annual Reports of Registered Births & Deaths (RBD), Department of Planning & Statistics, Panaji, Goa.
Age and sex-specific disabled persons and population of Goa was collected from 2011 census.
The Life expectancy was calculated by Reed- Merrill and Greville Abridge life table method and Disability free life expectancy was calculated by Sullivan’s method.

6. Material and methods:
To calculate life expectancy age & sex specific mortality was calculated .
Disability free life expectancy was calculated by Sullivan’s method, which utilizes the mortality data from a period life table and the disability prevalence data from a cross sectional survey.
Disability free life expectancy was calculated by Sullivan’s method
LE = ΣLx/lx Lx= No. of years lived in (x, x+n)
DFLE= Σ(1-px)Lx/lx lx = Survivor aged x
px = Prob. of disability in (x, x+n)

7. Background Characteristics
Population (2011)
14.58 lakh
Sex ratio Females / 1000 Males
CBR – LB /1000 Popln, CDR – 7.8 Deaths /1000 Popln
IMR – Infant deaths /1000 live births Disability Rate – %

8. Life expectancy at age x
Life Expectancy Goa (2011) : Combined Population Dx Px Mx
nQx lx
ndx
nLx Tx ex
Age group (Years)
Deaths
Population
Death rate
Prob of dying between ages x to x+n
Number surviving to age x
Number dying between ages x to x+n
person-years lived between ages x to x+n
Total No. of person-years lived above age x
Life expectancy at age x
0-4
224
1,01,203
0.002
0.011
1,00,000 1,
4,97,464.8
74,58,966
74.6
5-14 68
2,16,957
0.000
0.003
98,899
9,87,689.0
69,61,501
70.4
15-24
328
2,44,620
0.001
0.013
98,589 1,
9,80,370.9
59,73,812
60.6
25-34
529
2,58,485
0.020
97,275 1,
9,64,454.5
49,93,441
51.3
35-44
826
2,34,810
0.004
0.035
95,301 3,
9,39,124.9
40,28,986
42.3
45-54
1199
1,71,328
0.007
0.068
91,997 6,
8,93,671.7
30,89,862
33.6
55-65
1623
1,26,657
0.122
85,743
10,
8,13,559.5
21,96,190
25.6
65-70
1061
41,019
0.026
75,318 9,
3,55,203.7
13,82,630
18.4
70+
4085
63,466
0.064
1.000
66,130
66,
10,27,426.6
10,27,427
15.5

9. Disability Free Life Expectancy Goa (2011) : Combined Population
Age group
Prob Disability
(1-p)Lx
Tx'
DFLE
0-4
0.010
492648
72.4
5-14
0.014
973408
68.2
15-24
0.015
965190
58.6
25-34
0.021
944418
49.4
35-44
0.019
921527
40.5
45-54
0.027
869417
32.0
55-65
0.033
786325
24.2
65-70
0.032
343981
17.1
70+
0.083
942582
14.3

10. Life expectancy at age x
Life Expectancy Goa (2011) : Male Dx Px Mx
nQx lx
ndx
nLx Tx ex
Age group (Years)
Deaths
Population
Death rate
Prob of dying between ages x to x+n
Number surviving to age x
Number dying between ages x to x+n
person-years lived between ages x to x+n
Total No. of person-years lived above age x
Life expectancy at age x
0-4
148
52,017
0.003
0.014
1,00,000
1,413
4,96,745
70,39,050
70.4
5-14 45
1,12,089
0.000
0.004
98,587
395
9,84,207
65,42,306
66.4
15-24
237
1,30,691
0.002
0.018
98,192
1,767
9,74,490
55,58,099
56.6
25-34
421
1,31,215
0.032
96,424
3,053
9,51,414
45,83,609
47.5
35-44
650
1,19,045
0.005
0.053
93,372
4,984
9,12,763
36,32,195
38.9
45-54
900
86,649
0.010
0.100
88,388
8,796
8,46,870
27,19,432
30.8
55-65
1111
61,121
0.169
79,592
13,439
7,39,345
18,72,562
23.5
65-70
599
19,005
0.147
66,153
9,711
3,08,102
11,33,217
17.1
70+
1868
27,308
0.068
1.000
56,442
8,25,115
14.6

11. Disability Free Life Expectancy Goa (2011) : Male
Age group
Prob Disability
(1-p)Lx
Tx'
DFLE
0-4
0.010
491877
68.4
5-14
0.014
969976
64.4
15-24
0.015
959400
54.8
25-34
0.021
931648
45.8
35-44
0.019
895420
37.4
45-54
0.027
823885
29.3
55-65
0.034
714355
22.2
65-70
0.035
297319
15.9
70+
0.083
756977
13.4

12. Life expectancy at age x
Life Expectancy Goa (2011) : Female Dx Px Mx
nQx lx
ndx
nLx Tx ex
Age group (Years)
Deaths
Population
Death rate
Prob of dying between ages x to x+n
Number surviving to age x
Number dying between ages x to x+n
person-years lived between ages x to x+n
Total No. of person-years lived above age x
Life expectancy at age x
0-4 76
49,186
0.002
0.008
1,00,000
770
4,98,228
79,28,699
79.3
5-14 23
1,04,868
0.000
99,230
217
9,91,388
74,30,471
74.9
15-24 91
1,13,929
0.001
99,013
788
9,86,816
64,39,083
65.0
25-34
108
1,27,270
98,225
831
9,78,756
54,52,266
55.5
35-44
176
1,15,765
0.015
97,394
1,471
9,67,758
44,73,510
45.9
45-54
299
84,679
0.004
0.035
95,923
3,337
9,45,199
35,05,752
36.5
55-65
512
65,536
0.076
92,585
7,003
8,96,396
25,60,554
27.7
65-70
462
22,014
0.021
0.100
85,582
8,563
4,08,021
16,64,158
19.4
70+
2217
36,158
0.061
1.000
77,019
12,56,137
16.3

13. Disability Free Life Expectancy Goa (2011) Female
Age group
Prob Disability
(1-p)Lx
Tx'
DFLE
0-4
0.010
493403
76.8
5-14
0.014
977054
72.5
15-24
0.015
971535
62.8
25-34
0.021
958423
53.4
35-44
0.019
949624
44.0
45-54
0.027
919545
34.8
55-65
0.033
866388
26.1
65-70
0.032
395129
18.1
70+
0.083
15.0

14. Summary: Life Expectancy & Disability Free Life Expectancy
Life Expectancy at Birth
Disability Free Life Expectancy at Birth
Life Expectancy at 65 years
Disability Free Life Expectancy at 65 years
Male
70.4
(2.0)
17.1
15.9 (1.2)
Female
79.3
(2.5)
19.4
18.1 (1.3)
Combined
74.6
(2.2)
18.4
17.1 (1.3)

15. Implications of the findings :
The life expectancy at birth and at the age of 65 years was more for females compared to males. There is a further need of measuring differentials in DFLE due to other socio-economic characteristics.
Increase in life expectancy with higher disability life expectancy requires access to high quality rehabilitation interventions and coverage of social security measures.

16. Questions Canvassed in Census 2011
Codes