1. Lens Inquiry A CfAO/ISEE Designed Laboratory
Hartnell Community College
September 2009

2. Inquiry
Inquiry is modeled on how scientists actually perform their research.
You will become the expert on your topic of investigation and will share your findings with the class.
Inquiry can be challenging, but it can also be rewarding.  
Inquiry involves:
making observations
developing questions
designing experiments to test predictions
recording results
reflecting on, summarizing and communicating your understanding
Unlike typical labs, which tend to be guided, step-by-step recipes, inquiry is modeled on how scientists actually perform their research, with no one to tell them what to investigate or how to carry out their investigations.  Inquiry can be challenging, but it can also be rewarding.  You will become the resident expert on your topic of interest and will share what you learned with your classmates in much the same way scientists do with their colleagues.  Facilitators will be available to help you throughout the activity.  They can help you determine what to investigate, provide advice on methods for setting up your investigation, and provide general support and feedback. They are not teachers, however, and will not give you the answer.

3. Activity Timeline 2:00-2:10 Introduction
2:10-2:25 Demos involving Lenses and Starters
2:25-2:40 Discussion of Vocab and Generate Questions
2:40-2:45 Choose question to investigate and form groups (3-4 people)
2:45-3:30 Focused Investigation
3:30-3:45 Make a poster to summarize your findings
3:45-4:15 Sharing out: each group will have 2 minutes to present
4:15-4:25 Converging Lenses Synthesis
4:25-4:45 Telescope Activity
4:45-4:50 Final Synthesis
Inquiry-based learning is likely a new experience for many of you.
We will show you a few demonstrations of phenomena involving lenses.
You will have a short period of time to get familiar with the materials and test these out while writing down vocabulary.
We will compile vocabulary as a class and you will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observed.
You will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observe.
In the Focused Investigations, you’ll choose a question from a list and investigate it in small groups of 2-3. We will give you 50 minutes to conduct your investigation.
In the Sharing Out, each group will have about 2 minutes to share the findings of your investigations with the class.
Then we will synthesize the findings and connect them to the main science concepts of the inquiry. Doing this will help reinforce your understanding of the main scientific concepts and ways to apply those concepts to Astronomy.
Finally, you will get the chance to build and use a telescope using what you learned in your investigations and the presentations.
As facilitators, we are here to guide you in your investigations, but we are not here to provide instructions or solutions.
Inquiry is not easy and you may find it difficult at times. It can be frustrating, but this is usually when the best learning occurs.
Finally, some of you may be familiar with these concepts and may be tempted to share your knowledge with others. It’s best for those people to try to find something to investigate at their own level, rather than teaching others. Part of the inquiry experience is having the opportunity to learn for yourself.

4. Activity Timeline 2:00-2:10 Introduction
2:10-2:25 Demos involving Lenses and Starters
2:25-2:40 Discussion of Vocab and Generate Questions
2:40-2:45 Choose question to investigate and form groups (3-4people)
2:45-3:30 Focused Investigation
3:30-3:45 Make a poster to summarize your findings
3:45-4:15 Sharing out: each group will have 2 minutes to present
4:15-4:25 Converging Lenses Synthesis
4:25-4:45 Telescope Activity
4:45-4:50 Final Synthesis
Inquiry-based learning is likely a new experience for many of you.
We will show you a few demonstrations of phenomena involving lenses.
You will have a short period of time to get familiar with the materials and test these out while writing down vocabulary.
We will compile vocabulary as a class and you will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observed.
You will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observe.
In the Focused Investigations, you’ll choose a question from a list and investigate it in small groups of 2-3. We will give you 50 minutes to conduct your investigation.
In the Sharing Out, each group will have about 2 minutes to share the findings of your investigations with the class.
Then we will synthesize the findings and connect them to the main science concepts of the inquiry. Doing this will help reinforce your understanding of the main scientific concepts and ways to apply those concepts to Astronomy.
Finally, you will get the chance to build and use a telescope using what you learned in your investigations and the presentations.
As facilitators, we are here to guide you in your investigations, but we are not here to provide instructions or solutions.
Inquiry is not easy and you may find it difficult at times. It can be frustrating, but this is usually when the best learning occurs.
Finally, some of you may be familiar with these concepts and may be tempted to share your knowledge with others. It’s best for those people to try to find something to investigate at their own level, rather than teaching others. Part of the inquiry experience is having the opportunity to learn for yourself.

5. Why Use Telescopes? 1. To see more detail in bright objects Jupiter
Uranus
Image Credits: Jupiter NASA, ESA, M. Wong (Space Telescope Science Institute, Baltimore, MD), H. B. Hammel (Space Science Institute, Boulder, CO), and the Jupiter Impact Team, Uranus L. Sromovsky (Univ. Wisconsin-Madison), Keck Observatory

6. The Hubble Ultra Deep Field
Why Use Telescopes?
2. To see objects that are too faint to detect using only your eyes
The Hubble Ultra Deep Field
Hubble Ultra Deep Field - pointed Hubble at an "empty" patch of sky, revealed ~10,000 galaxies invisible to the naked eye (as well as many other telescopes), including some of the most distant galaxies ever observed. It is the deepest observation ever achieved of the visible Universe (exposure time = 1 million seconds).
Image Credit: Hubble Ultra Deep Field S. Beckwith & the HUDF Working Group (STScI), HST, ESA, NASA

7. State-of-the Art Famous Telescopes
As technology evolves, telescopes become more advanced and allow us to see more detail in a range of astronomical objects.
These telescopes are currently being used by professional astronomers to conduct forefront research. Historically telescopes have been instrumental to our discovery of what lies beyond our own planet.
The Hubble Space Telescope
2.4m Primary Mirror
Keck: 2 Reflecting Telescopes
10m Primary Mirrors

8. To understand how telescopes work, we will concentrate on a particular type of telescope called a refracting telescope that uses lenses

9. Refracting Telescopes Located Nearby
36 inch Refractor at Lick Observatory (1888)
20 inch Refractor at Chabot Space and Science Center (1914)

10. What’s Inside? This simple telescope is made up of two lenses.
To simplify the problem we would like for you to learn how a single lens works in an inquiry activity.

11. Activity Timeline 2:00-2:10 Introduction
2:10-2:25 Demos involving Lenses and Starters
2:25-2:40 Discussion of Vocab and Generate Questions
2:40-2:45 Choose question to investigate and form groups (3-4 people)
2:45-3:30 Focused Investigation
3:30-3:45 Make a poster to summarize your findings
3:45-4:15 Sharing out: each group will have 2 minutes to present
4:15-4:25 Converging Lenses Synthesis
4:25-4:45 Telescope Activity
4:45-4:50 Final Synthesis
Inquiry-based learning is likely a new experience for many of you.
We will show you a few demonstrations of phenomena involving lenses.
You will have a short period of time to get familiar with the materials and test these out while writing down vocabulary.
We will compile vocabulary as a class and you will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observed.
You will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observe.
In the Focused Investigations, you’ll choose a question from a list and investigate it in small groups of 2-3. We will give you 50 minutes to conduct your investigation.
In the Sharing Out, each group will have about 2 minutes to share the findings of your investigations with the class.
Then we will synthesize the findings and connect them to the main science concepts of the inquiry. Doing this will help reinforce your understanding of the main scientific concepts and ways to apply those concepts to Astronomy.
Finally, you will get the chance to build and use a telescope using what you learned in your investigations and the presentations.
As facilitators, we are here to guide you in your investigations, but we are not here to provide instructions or solutions.
Inquiry is not easy and you may find it difficult at times. It can be frustrating, but this is usually when the best learning occurs.
Finally, some of you may be familiar with these concepts and may be tempted to share your knowledge with others. It’s best for those people to try to find something to investigate at their own level, rather than teaching others. Part of the inquiry experience is having the opportunity to learn for yourself.

12. At the Demo Stations In your Lab Manual, under Starters:
Record any words that describe what you see under Question 1
Record any questions you have about the phenomena you observe under Question 2

13. Activity Timeline 2:00-2:10 Introduction
2:10-2:25 Demos involving Lenses and Starters
2:25-2:40 Discussion of Vocab and Generate Questions
2:40-2:45 Choose question to investigate and form groups (3-4 people)
2:45-3:30 Focused Investigation
3:30-3:45 Make a poster to summarize your findings
3:45-4:15 Sharing out: each group will have 2 minutes to present
4:15-4:25 Converging Lenses Synthesis
4:25-4:45 Telescope Activity
4:45-4:50 Final Synthesis
Inquiry-based learning is likely a new experience for many of you.
We will show you a few demonstrations of phenomena involving lenses.
You will have a short period of time to get familiar with the materials and test these out while writing down vocabulary.
We will compile vocabulary as a class and you will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observed.
You will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observe.
In the Focused Investigations, you’ll choose a question from a list and investigate it in small groups of 2-3. We will give you 50 minutes to conduct your investigation.
In the Sharing Out, each group will have about 2 minutes to share the findings of your investigations with the class.
Then we will synthesize the findings and connect them to the main science concepts of the inquiry. Doing this will help reinforce your understanding of the main scientific concepts and ways to apply those concepts to Astronomy.
Finally, you will get the chance to build and use a telescope using what you learned in your investigations and the presentations.
As facilitators, we are here to guide you in your investigations, but we are not here to provide instructions or solutions.
Inquiry is not easy and you may find it difficult at times. It can be frustrating, but this is usually when the best learning occurs.
Finally, some of you may be familiar with these concepts and may be tempted to share your knowledge with others. It’s best for those people to try to find something to investigate at their own level, rather than teaching others. Part of the inquiry experience is having the opportunity to learn for yourself.

14. Once you have chosen a Question to Investigate
In your Lab Manual, under Investigation:
Answer Questions 1 and 2
Use the space provided to keep track of any notes or observations as your investigation progresses.

15. Activity Timeline 2:00-2:10 Introduction
2:10-2:25 Demos involving Lenses and Starters
2:25-2:40 Discussion of Vocab and Generate Questions
2:40-2:45 Choose question to investigate and form groups (3-4 people)
2:45-3:30 Focused Investigation
3:30-3:45 Make a poster to summarize your findings
3:45-4:15 Sharing out: each group will have 2 minutes to present
4:15-4:25 Converging Lenses Synthesis
4:25-4:45 Telescope Activity
4:45-4:50 Final Synthesis
Inquiry-based learning is likely a new experience for many of you.
We will show you a few demonstrations of phenomena involving lenses.
You will have a short period of time to get familiar with the materials and test these out while writing down vocabulary.
We will compile vocabulary as a class and you will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observed.
You will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observe.
In the Focused Investigations, you’ll choose a question from a list and investigate it in small groups of 2-3. We will give you 50 minutes to conduct your investigation.
In the Sharing Out, each group will have about 2 minutes to share the findings of your investigations with the class.
Then we will synthesize the findings and connect them to the main science concepts of the inquiry. Doing this will help reinforce your understanding of the main scientific concepts and ways to apply those concepts to Astronomy.
Finally, you will get the chance to build and use a telescope using what you learned in your investigations and the presentations.
As facilitators, we are here to guide you in your investigations, but we are not here to provide instructions or solutions.
Inquiry is not easy and you may find it difficult at times. It can be frustrating, but this is usually when the best learning occurs.
Finally, some of you may be familiar with these concepts and may be tempted to share your knowledge with others. It’s best for those people to try to find something to investigate at their own level, rather than teaching others. Part of the inquiry experience is having the opportunity to learn for yourself.

16. Activity Timeline 2:00-2:10 Introduction
2:10-2:25 Demos involving Lenses and Starters
2:25-2:40 Discussion of Vocab and Generate Questions
2:40-2:45 Choose question to investigate and form groups (3-4 people)
2:45-3:30 Focused Investigation
3:30-3:45 Make a poster to summarize your findings
3:45-4:15 Sharing out: each group will have 2 minutes to present
4:15-4:25 Converging Lenses Synthesis
4:25-4:45 Telescope Activity
4:45-4:50 Final Synthesis
Inquiry-based learning is likely a new experience for many of you.
We will show you a few demonstrations of phenomena involving lenses.
You will have a short period of time to get familiar with the materials and test these out while writing down vocabulary.
We will compile vocabulary as a class and you will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observed.
You will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observe.
In the Focused Investigations, you’ll choose a question from a list and investigate it in small groups of 2-3. We will give you 50 minutes to conduct your investigation.
In the Sharing Out, each group will have about 2 minutes to share the findings of your investigations with the class.
Then we will synthesize the findings and connect them to the main science concepts of the inquiry. Doing this will help reinforce your understanding of the main scientific concepts and ways to apply those concepts to Astronomy.
Finally, you will get the chance to build and use a telescope using what you learned in your investigations and the presentations.
As facilitators, we are here to guide you in your investigations, but we are not here to provide instructions or solutions.
Inquiry is not easy and you may find it difficult at times. It can be frustrating, but this is usually when the best learning occurs.
Finally, some of you may be familiar with these concepts and may be tempted to share your knowledge with others. It’s best for those people to try to find something to investigate at their own level, rather than teaching others. Part of the inquiry experience is having the opportunity to learn for yourself.

17. Preparing your Poster In your Lab Manual, under Investigation:
Answer Question 3 using the claim, evidence, and reasoning formulation from page 1
Use the answer to question 3 to help guide you in making your poster. Add any drawings, diagrams, etc. that you think are useful.

18. Activity Timeline 2:00-2:10 Introduction
2:10-2:25 Demos involving Lenses and Starters
2:25-2:40 Discussion of Vocab and Generate Questions
2:40-2:45 Choose question to investigate and form groups (3-4 people)
2:45-3:30 Focused Investigation
3:30-3:45 Make a poster to summarize your findings
3:45-4:15 Sharing out: each group will have 2 minutes to present
4:15-4:25 Converging Lenses Synthesis
4:25-4:45 Telescope Activity
4:45-4:50 Final Synthesis
Inquiry-based learning is likely a new experience for many of you.
We will show you a few demonstrations of phenomena involving lenses.
You will have a short period of time to get familiar with the materials and test these out while writing down vocabulary.
We will compile vocabulary as a class and you will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observed.
You will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observe.
In the Focused Investigations, you’ll choose a question from a list and investigate it in small groups of 2-3. We will give you 50 minutes to conduct your investigation.
In the Sharing Out, each group will have about 2 minutes to share the findings of your investigations with the class.
Then we will synthesize the findings and connect them to the main science concepts of the inquiry. Doing this will help reinforce your understanding of the main scientific concepts and ways to apply those concepts to Astronomy.
Finally, you will get the chance to build and use a telescope using what you learned in your investigations and the presentations.
As facilitators, we are here to guide you in your investigations, but we are not here to provide instructions or solutions.
Inquiry is not easy and you may find it difficult at times. It can be frustrating, but this is usually when the best learning occurs.
Finally, some of you may be familiar with these concepts and may be tempted to share your knowledge with others. It’s best for those people to try to find something to investigate at their own level, rather than teaching others. Part of the inquiry experience is having the opportunity to learn for yourself.

20. Activity Timeline 2:00-2:10 Introduction
2:10-2:25 Demos involving Lenses and Starters
2:25-2:40 Discussion of Vocab and Generate Questions
2:40-2:45 Choose question to investigate and form groups (3-4 people)
2:45-3:30 Focused Investigation
3:30-3:45 Make a poster to summarize your findings
3:45-4:15 Sharing out: each group will have 2 minutes to present
4:15-4:25 Converging Lenses Synthesis
4:25-4:45 Telescope Activity
4:45-4:50 Final Synthesis
Inquiry-based learning is likely a new experience for many of you.
We will show you a few demonstrations of phenomena involving lenses.
You will have a short period of time to get familiar with the materials and test these out while writing down vocabulary.
We will compile vocabulary as a class and you will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observed.
You will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observe.
In the Focused Investigations, you’ll choose a question from a list and investigate it in small groups of 2-3. We will give you 50 minutes to conduct your investigation.
In the Sharing Out, each group will have about 2 minutes to share the findings of your investigations with the class.
Then we will synthesize the findings and connect them to the main science concepts of the inquiry. Doing this will help reinforce your understanding of the main scientific concepts and ways to apply those concepts to Astronomy.
Finally, you will get the chance to build and use a telescope using what you learned in your investigations and the presentations.
As facilitators, we are here to guide you in your investigations, but we are not here to provide instructions or solutions.
Inquiry is not easy and you may find it difficult at times. It can be frustrating, but this is usually when the best learning occurs.
Finally, some of you may be familiar with these concepts and may be tempted to share your knowledge with others. It’s best for those people to try to find something to investigate at their own level, rather than teaching others. Part of the inquiry experience is having the opportunity to learn for yourself.

21. Light Travels in Straight Lines
But… it can change directions when moving from one medium to another
Higher curvature means more bending- a flat lens will not bend light at all
glass/liquid/etc
air
glass/liquid/etc
air
glass/liquid/etc
air

22. Material Matters
The same shaped lens made of different materials can bend the light differently
Index of refraction: a property of the medium (glass/liquid/etc) that determines how fast light can travel through it
Higher index of refraction materials slow light down more
air
water lens
air
air
sugar water lens
Sugar water has a higher index of refraction, and thus bends the light more.

23. Lenses Focus Light
The combined properties of curvature and material bend light toward a special focal point which is different for different lenses
This behavior is governed by Snell’s Law:
Higher curvature and higher index of refraction = more bending
air
glass/liquid/etc
Focal length
air
glass
Focal length

24. Image Brightness The LARGER the lens the BRIGHTER the image
The shape of the aperture doesn't matter, just the amount of light that gets through

25. Image Inversion
Simple parallel light rays get flipped beyond the focal point
An extended object gets inverted
air
glass
Focal length
Focal length 25

26. Object and Image Distances
Combined with the focal length of the lens, these distances can be predicted using the lensmaker's equation
Focal length
Object distance
Image distance 26

27. Object and Image Distances
As the object distance increases, the image distance decreases and the image becomes smaller
Focal length
Object distance
Image distance 27

28. Object and Image Distances
As the object distance increases, the image distance decreases and the image becomes smaller
Focal length
Object distance
Image distance 28

29. Object and Image Distances
As the object distance increases, the image distance decreases and the image becomes smaller
This principle is important for telescopes, which are used to observe objects that are located a huge distance away
Focal length
Object distance
Image distance 29

30. Object and Image Distances
If the object is at infinity, the image is located at the focal length of the lens
This principle is important for telescopes, which are used to observe objects that are located a huge distance away
Image distance
Object distance
Focal length 30

31. Putting Two Lenses Together
These make up a simple telescope
Separation: sum of the two focal lengths
Focal Length
objective
eyepiece
Objective Lens
Eyepiece Lens

32. Telescope Activity Have your group select an objective lens
Get an eyepiece (with the black backing) with the appropriately sized holder and telescope tube (All eyepiece lenses are the same)
On the Telescope Worksheet:
Questions 1 – 2: Record info about your lenses
Questions 3 – 4: Construct your telescope and answer questions

33. Telescope Activity – Compare with Another Group
Find a group who used a different objective lens. Compare the two telescopes you built.
On the Telescope Worksheet:
Answer questions 5 - 7

35. Activity Timeline 2:00-2:10 Introduction
2:10-2:25 Demos involving Lenses and Starters
2:25-2:40 Discussion of Vocab and Generate Questions
2:40-2:45 Choose question to investigate and form groups (3-4 people)
2:45-3:30 Focused Investigation
3:30-3:45 Make a poster to summarize your findings
3:45-4:15 Sharing out: each group will have 2 minutes to present
4:15-4:25 Converging Lenses Synthesis
4:25-4:45 Telescope Activity
4:45-4:50 Final Synthesis
Inquiry-based learning is likely a new experience for many of you.
We will show you a few demonstrations of phenomena involving lenses.
You will have a short period of time to get familiar with the materials and test these out while writing down vocabulary.
We will compile vocabulary as a class and you will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observed.
You will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observe.
In the Focused Investigations, you’ll choose a question from a list and investigate it in small groups of 2-3. We will give you 50 minutes to conduct your investigation.
In the Sharing Out, each group will have about 2 minutes to share the findings of your investigations with the class.
Then we will synthesize the findings and connect them to the main science concepts of the inquiry. Doing this will help reinforce your understanding of the main scientific concepts and ways to apply those concepts to Astronomy.
Finally, you will get the chance to build and use a telescope using what you learned in your investigations and the presentations.
As facilitators, we are here to guide you in your investigations, but we are not here to provide instructions or solutions.
Inquiry is not easy and you may find it difficult at times. It can be frustrating, but this is usually when the best learning occurs.
Finally, some of you may be familiar with these concepts and may be tempted to share your knowledge with others. It’s best for those people to try to find something to investigate at their own level, rather than teaching others. Part of the inquiry experience is having the opportunity to learn for yourself.

36. Telescope Layout Objective Lens: collects the light
Eyepiece Lens: re-images the distant object
Focal Length
objective
eyepiece
Objective Lens
Eyepiece Lens

37. Telescope Properties
You all had the same eyepiece lens, so the properties of your telescope depended on which lens you picked as your objective
A Bigger lens gathers more light, but results in a more unwieldy telescope
A Smaller lens makes a lighter weight telescope, but can’t see faint objects as well
A Longer Focal Length lens gives more angular magnification, but a smaller field of view
A Shorter Focal Length lens produces a more compact, or portable telescope, but is harder to focus.

38. Refracting Telescopes - Comparison
36 inch Refractor at Lick Observatory
20 inch Refractor at Chabot Space and Science Center
Focal length 57 ft
4 ft diameter, > 25,000 lbs
Focal length 28 ft
More light gathering power
Smaller, cheaper to build

39. Bigger Telescopes
Astronomers are constantly trying to build bigger telescopes
See more detail in known objects and find new fainter objects
But bigger telescopes need bigger mounts and are more expensive
One reason most modern telescopes are reflecting (using mirrors) is that they can be shorter than refracting telescopes

40. State-of-the Art Telescopes
Keck: 10m Reflecting Telescopes
TMT: Future 30m Reflecting Telescope
Keck telescopes have primary mirrors more than 10 times as large as the Lick Refractor’s primary lens, but are only 30% longer in size.
TMT will have a primary mirror as big as the length of a basketball court!

41. Challenger Telescope at Fremont Peak Observatory
30” Diameter
144” focal length
Reflecting telescope
First light in 1986

43. Activity Timeline 6:00-6:10 Introduction
6:10-6:25 Demos involving Lenses and Starters
6:25-6:40 Discussion of Vocab and Generate Questions
6:40-6:45 Choose question to investigate and form groups (2-3 people)
6:45-7:30 Focused Investigation
7:30-7:45 Make a poster to summarize your findings
7:45-8:15 Sharing out: each group will have 2 minutes to present
8:15-8:25 Converging Lenses Synthesis
8:25-8:45 Telescope Activity
8:45-8:50 Final Synthesis
Inquiry-based learning is likely a new experience for many of you.
We will show you a few demonstrations of phenomena involving lenses.
You will have a short period of time to get familiar with the materials and test these out while writing down vocabulary.
We will compile vocabulary as a class and you will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observed.
You will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observe.
In the Focused Investigations, you’ll choose a question from a list and investigate it in small groups of 2-3. We will give you 50 minutes to conduct your investigation.
In the Sharing Out, each group will have about 2 minutes to share the findings of your investigations with the class.
Then we will synthesize the findings and connect them to the main science concepts of the inquiry. Doing this will help reinforce your understanding of the main scientific concepts and ways to apply those concepts to Astronomy.
Finally, you will get the chance to build and use a telescope using what you learned in your investigations and the presentations.
As facilitators, we are here to guide you in your investigations, but we are not here to provide instructions or solutions.
Inquiry is not easy and you may find it difficult at times. It can be frustrating, but this is usually when the best learning occurs.
Finally, some of you may be familiar with these concepts and may be tempted to share your knowledge with others. It’s best for those people to try to find something to investigate at their own level, rather than teaching others. Part of the inquiry experience is having the opportunity to learn for yourself.

44. Activity Timeline 6:00-6:10 Introduction
6:10-6:25 Demos involving Lenses and Starters
6:25-6:40 Discussion of Vocab and Generate Questions
6:40-6:45 Choose question to investigate and form groups (2-3 people)
6:45-7:30 Focused Investigation
7:30-7:45 Make a poster to summarize your findings
7:45-8:15 Sharing out: each group will have 2 minutes to present
8:15-8:25 Converging Lenses Synthesis
8:25-8:45 Telescope Activity
8:45-8:50 Final Synthesis

45. Activity Timeline 6:00-6:10 Introduction
6:10-6:25 Demos involving Lenses and Starters
6:25-6:40 Discussion of Vocab and Generate Questions
6:40-6:45 Choose question to investigate and form groups (2-3 people)
6:45-7:30 Focused Investigation
7:30-7:45 Make a poster to summarize your findings
7:45-8:15 Sharing out: each group will have 2 minutes to present
8:15-8:25 Converging Lenses Synthesis
8:25-8:45 Telescope Activity
8:45-8:50 Final Synthesis

46. Activity Timeline 6:00-6:10 Introduction
6:10-6:25 Demos involving Lenses and Starters
6:25-6:40 Discussion of Vocab and Generate Questions
6:40-6:45 Choose question to investigate and form groups (2-3 people)
6:45-7:30 Focused Investigation
7:30-7:45 Make a poster to summarize your findings
7:45-8:15 Sharing out: each group will have 2 minutes to present
8:15-8:25 Converging Lenses Synthesis
8:25-8:45 Telescope Activity
8:45-8:50 Final Synthesis

47. Activity Timeline 6:00-6:10 Introduction
6:10-6:25 Demos involving Lenses and Starters
6:25-6:40 Discussion of Vocab and Generate Questions
6:40-6:45 Choose question to investigate and form groups (2-3 people)
6:45-7:30 Focused Investigation
7:30-7:45 Make a poster to summarize your findings
7:45-8:15 Sharing out: each group will have 2 minutes to present
8:15-8:25 Converging Lenses Synthesis
8:25-8:45 Telescope Activity
8:45-8:50 Final Synthesis

48. Activity Timeline 6:00-6:10 Introduction
6:10-6:25 Demos involving Lenses and Starters
6:25-6:40 Discussion of Vocab and Generate Questions
6:40-6:45 Choose question to investigate and form groups (2-3 people)
6:45-7:30 Focused Investigation
7:30-7:45 Make a poster to summarize your findings
7:45-8:15 Sharing out: each group will have 2 minutes to present
8:15-8:25 Converging Lenses Synthesis
8:25-8:45 Telescope Activity
8:45-8:50 Final Synthesis

49. Activity Timeline 6:00-6:10 Introduction
6:10-6:25 Demos involving Lenses and Starters
6:25-6:40 Discussion of Vocab and Generate Questions
6:40-6:45 Choose question to investigate and form groups (2-3 people)
6:45-7:30 Focused Investigation
7:30-7:45 Make a poster to summarize your findings
7:45-8:15 Sharing out: each group will have 2 minutes to present
8:15-8:25 Converging Lenses Synthesis
8:25-8:45 Telescope Activity
8:45-8:50 Final Synthesis

50. Activity Timeline 6:00-6:10 Introduction
6:10-6:25 Demos involving Lenses and Starters
6:25-6:40 Discussion of Vocab and Generate Questions
6:40-6:45 Choose question to investigate and form groups (2-3 people)
6:45-7:30 Focused Investigation
7:30-7:45 Make a poster to summarize your findings
7:45-8:15 Sharing out: each group will have 2 minutes to present
8:15-8:25 Converging Lenses Synthesis
8:25-8:45 Telescope Activity
8:45-8:50 Final Synthesis

51. Activity Timeline 6:00-6:10 Introduction
6:10-6:25 Demos involving Lenses and Starters
6:25-6:40 Discussion of Vocab and Generate Questions
6:40-6:45 Choose question to investigate and form groups (2-3 people)
6:45-7:30 Focused Investigation
7:30-7:45 Make a poster to summarize your findings
7:45-8:15 Sharing out: each group will have 2 minutes to present
8:15-8:25 Converging Lenses Synthesis
8:25-8:45 Telescope Activity
8:45-8:50 Final Synthesis

52. Activity Timeline 2:00-2:10 Introduction
2:10-2:25 Demos involving Lenses and Starters
2:25-2:40 Discussion of Vocab and Generate Questions
2:40-2:45 Choose question to investigate and form groups (2-3 people)
2:45-3:30 Focused Investigation
3:30-3:45 Make a poster to summarize your findings
3:45-4:15 Sharing out: each group will have 2 minutes to present
4:15-4:25 Converging Lenses Synthesis
4:25-4:45 Telescope Activity
4:45-4:50 Final Synthesis
Inquiry-based learning is likely a new experience for many of you.
We will show you a few demonstrations of phenomena involving lenses.
You will have a short period of time to get familiar with the materials and test these out while writing down vocabulary.
We will compile vocabulary as a class and you will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observed.
You will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observe.
In the Focused Investigations, you’ll choose a question from a list and investigate it in small groups of 2-3. We will give you 50 minutes to conduct your investigation.
In the Sharing Out, each group will have about 2 minutes to share the findings of your investigations with the class.
Then we will synthesize the findings and connect them to the main science concepts of the inquiry. Doing this will help reinforce your understanding of the main scientific concepts and ways to apply those concepts to Astronomy.
Finally, you will get the chance to build and use a telescope using what you learned in your investigations and the presentations.
As facilitators, we are here to guide you in your investigations, but we are not here to provide instructions or solutions.
Inquiry is not easy and you may find it difficult at times. It can be frustrating, but this is usually when the best learning occurs.
Finally, some of you may be familiar with these concepts and may be tempted to share your knowledge with others. It’s best for those people to try to find something to investigate at their own level, rather than teaching others. Part of the inquiry experience is having the opportunity to learn for yourself.

53. Activity Timeline 3:00-3:10 Introduction
3:10-3:25 Demos involving Lenses and Starters
3:25-3:40 Discussion of Vocab and Generate Questions
3:40-3:45 Choose question to investigate and form groups (2-3 people)
3:45-4:30 Focused Investigation
4:30-4:45 Make a poster to summarize your findings
4:45-5:15 Sharing out: each group will have 2 minutes to present
5:15-5:25 Converging Lenses Synthesis
5:25-5:45 Telescope Activity
5:45-5:50 Final Synthesis
Inquiry-based learning is likely a new experience for many of you.
We will show you a few demonstrations of phenomena involving lenses.
You will have a short period of time to get familiar with the materials and test these out while writing down vocabulary.
We will compile vocabulary as a class and you will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observed.
You will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observe.
In the Focused Investigations, you’ll choose a question from a list and investigate it in small groups of 2-3. We will give you 50 minutes to conduct your investigation.
In the Sharing Out, each group will have about 2 minutes to share the findings of your investigations with the class.
Then we will synthesize the findings and connect them to the main science concepts of the inquiry. Doing this will help reinforce your understanding of the main scientific concepts and ways to apply those concepts to Astronomy.
Finally, you will get the chance to build and use a telescope using what you learned in your investigations and the presentations.
As facilitators, we are here to guide you in your investigations, but we are not here to provide instructions or solutions.
Inquiry is not easy and you may find it difficult at times. It can be frustrating, but this is usually when the best learning occurs.
Finally, some of you may be familiar with these concepts and may be tempted to share your knowledge with others. It’s best for those people to try to find something to investigate at their own level, rather than teaching others. Part of the inquiry experience is having the opportunity to learn for yourself.

54. Activity Timeline 3:00-3:10 Introduction
3:10-3:25 Demos involving Lenses and Starters
3:25-3:40 Discussion of Vocab and Generate Questions
3:40-3:45 Choose question to investigate and form groups (2-3 people)
3:45-4:30 Focused Investigation
4:30-4:45 Make a poster to summarize your findings
4:45-5:15 Sharing out: each group will have 2 minutes to present
5:15-5:25 Converging Lenses Synthesis
5:25-5:45 Telescope Activity
5:45-5:50 Final Synthesis
Inquiry-based learning is likely a new experience for many of you.
We will show you a few demonstrations of phenomena involving lenses.
You will have a short period of time to get familiar with the materials and test these out while writing down vocabulary.
We will compile vocabulary as a class and you will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observed.
You will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observe.
In the Focused Investigations, you’ll choose a question from a list and investigate it in small groups of 2-3. We will give you 50 minutes to conduct your investigation.
In the Sharing Out, each group will have about 2 minutes to share the findings of your investigations with the class.
Then we will synthesize the findings and connect them to the main science concepts of the inquiry. Doing this will help reinforce your understanding of the main scientific concepts and ways to apply those concepts to Astronomy.
Finally, you will get the chance to build and use a telescope using what you learned in your investigations and the presentations.
As facilitators, we are here to guide you in your investigations, but we are not here to provide instructions or solutions.
Inquiry is not easy and you may find it difficult at times. It can be frustrating, but this is usually when the best learning occurs.
Finally, some of you may be familiar with these concepts and may be tempted to share your knowledge with others. It’s best for those people to try to find something to investigate at their own level, rather than teaching others. Part of the inquiry experience is having the opportunity to learn for yourself.

55. Activity Timeline 3:00-3:10 Introduction
3:10-3:25 Demos involving Lenses and Starters
3:25-3:40 Discussion of Vocab and Generate Questions
3:40-3:45 Choose question to investigate and form groups (2-3 people)
3:45-4:30 Focused Investigation
4:30-4:45 Make a poster to summarize your findings
4:45-5:15 Sharing out: each group will have 2 minutes to present
5:15-5:25 Converging Lenses Synthesis
5:25-5:45 Telescope Activity
5:45-5:50 Final Synthesis
Inquiry-based learning is likely a new experience for many of you.
We will show you a few demonstrations of phenomena involving lenses.
You will have a short period of time to get familiar with the materials and test these out while writing down vocabulary.
We will compile vocabulary as a class and you will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observed.
You will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observe.
In the Focused Investigations, you’ll choose a question from a list and investigate it in small groups of 2-3. We will give you 50 minutes to conduct your investigation.
In the Sharing Out, each group will have about 2 minutes to share the findings of your investigations with the class.
Then we will synthesize the findings and connect them to the main science concepts of the inquiry. Doing this will help reinforce your understanding of the main scientific concepts and ways to apply those concepts to Astronomy.
Finally, you will get the chance to build and use a telescope using what you learned in your investigations and the presentations.
As facilitators, we are here to guide you in your investigations, but we are not here to provide instructions or solutions.
Inquiry is not easy and you may find it difficult at times. It can be frustrating, but this is usually when the best learning occurs.
Finally, some of you may be familiar with these concepts and may be tempted to share your knowledge with others. It’s best for those people to try to find something to investigate at their own level, rather than teaching others. Part of the inquiry experience is having the opportunity to learn for yourself.

56. Activity Timeline 3:00-3:10 Introduction
3:10-3:25 Demos involving Lenses and Starters
3:25-3:40 Discussion of Vocab and Generate Questions
3:40-3:45 Choose question to investigate and form groups (2-3 people)
3:45-4:30 Focused Investigation
4:30-4:45 Make a poster to summarize your findings
4:45-5:15 Sharing out: each group will have 2 minutes to present
5:15-5:25 Converging Lenses Synthesis
5:25-5:45 Telescope Activity
5:45-5:50 Final Synthesis
Inquiry-based learning is likely a new experience for many of you.
We will show you a few demonstrations of phenomena involving lenses.
You will have a short period of time to get familiar with the materials and test these out while writing down vocabulary.
We will compile vocabulary as a class and you will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observed.
You will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observe.
In the Focused Investigations, you’ll choose a question from a list and investigate it in small groups of 2-3. We will give you 50 minutes to conduct your investigation.
In the Sharing Out, each group will have about 2 minutes to share the findings of your investigations with the class.
Then we will synthesize the findings and connect them to the main science concepts of the inquiry. Doing this will help reinforce your understanding of the main scientific concepts and ways to apply those concepts to Astronomy.
Finally, you will get the chance to build and use a telescope using what you learned in your investigations and the presentations.
As facilitators, we are here to guide you in your investigations, but we are not here to provide instructions or solutions.
Inquiry is not easy and you may find it difficult at times. It can be frustrating, but this is usually when the best learning occurs.
Finally, some of you may be familiar with these concepts and may be tempted to share your knowledge with others. It’s best for those people to try to find something to investigate at their own level, rather than teaching others. Part of the inquiry experience is having the opportunity to learn for yourself.

57. Activity Timeline 3:00-3:10 Introduction
3:10-3:25 Demos involving Lenses and Starters
3:25-3:40 Discussion of Vocab and Generate Questions
3:40-3:45 Choose question to investigate and form groups (2-3 people)
3:45-4:30 Focused Investigation
4:30-4:45 Make a poster to summarize your findings
4:45-5:15 Sharing out: each group will have 2 minutes to present
5:15-5:25 Converging Lenses Synthesis
5:25-5:45 Telescope Activity
5:45-5:50 Final Synthesis
Inquiry-based learning is likely a new experience for many of you.
We will show you a few demonstrations of phenomena involving lenses.
You will have a short period of time to get familiar with the materials and test these out while writing down vocabulary.
We will compile vocabulary as a class and you will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observed.
You will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observe.
In the Focused Investigations, you’ll choose a question from a list and investigate it in small groups of 2-3. We will give you 50 minutes to conduct your investigation.
In the Sharing Out, each group will have about 2 minutes to share the findings of your investigations with the class.
Then we will synthesize the findings and connect them to the main science concepts of the inquiry. Doing this will help reinforce your understanding of the main scientific concepts and ways to apply those concepts to Astronomy.
Finally, you will get the chance to build and use a telescope using what you learned in your investigations and the presentations.
As facilitators, we are here to guide you in your investigations, but we are not here to provide instructions or solutions.
Inquiry is not easy and you may find it difficult at times. It can be frustrating, but this is usually when the best learning occurs.
Finally, some of you may be familiar with these concepts and may be tempted to share your knowledge with others. It’s best for those people to try to find something to investigate at their own level, rather than teaching others. Part of the inquiry experience is having the opportunity to learn for yourself.

58. Activity Timeline 3:00-3:10 Introduction
3:10-3:25 Demos involving Lenses and Starters
3:25-3:40 Discussion of Vocab and Generate Questions
3:40-3:45 Choose question to investigate and form groups (2-3 people)
3:45-4:30 Focused Investigation
4:30-4:45 Make a poster to summarize your findings
4:45-5:15 Sharing out: each group will have 2 minutes to present
5:15-5:25 Converging Lenses Synthesis
5:25-5:45 Telescope Activity
5:45-5:50 Final Synthesis
Inquiry-based learning is likely a new experience for many of you.
We will show you a few demonstrations of phenomena involving lenses.
You will have a short period of time to get familiar with the materials and test these out while writing down vocabulary.
We will compile vocabulary as a class and you will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observed.
You will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observe.
In the Focused Investigations, you’ll choose a question from a list and investigate it in small groups of 2-3. We will give you 50 minutes to conduct your investigation.
In the Sharing Out, each group will have about 2 minutes to share the findings of your investigations with the class.
Then we will synthesize the findings and connect them to the main science concepts of the inquiry. Doing this will help reinforce your understanding of the main scientific concepts and ways to apply those concepts to Astronomy.
Finally, you will get the chance to build and use a telescope using what you learned in your investigations and the presentations.
As facilitators, we are here to guide you in your investigations, but we are not here to provide instructions or solutions.
Inquiry is not easy and you may find it difficult at times. It can be frustrating, but this is usually when the best learning occurs.
Finally, some of you may be familiar with these concepts and may be tempted to share your knowledge with others. It’s best for those people to try to find something to investigate at their own level, rather than teaching others. Part of the inquiry experience is having the opportunity to learn for yourself.

59. Activity Timeline 3:00-3:10 Introduction
3:10-3:25 Demos involving Lenses and Starters
3:25-3:40 Discussion of Vocab and Generate Questions
3:40-3:45 Choose question to investigate and form groups (2-3 people)
3:45-4:30 Focused Investigation
4:30-4:45 Make a poster to summarize your findings
4:45-5:15 Sharing out: each group will have 2 minutes to present
5:15-5:25 Converging Lenses Synthesis
5:25-5:45 Telescope Activity
5:45-5:50 Final Synthesis
Inquiry-based learning is likely a new experience for many of you.
We will show you a few demonstrations of phenomena involving lenses.
You will have a short period of time to get familiar with the materials and test these out while writing down vocabulary.
We will compile vocabulary as a class and you will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observed.
You will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observe.
In the Focused Investigations, you’ll choose a question from a list and investigate it in small groups of 2-3. We will give you 50 minutes to conduct your investigation.
In the Sharing Out, each group will have about 2 minutes to share the findings of your investigations with the class.
Then we will synthesize the findings and connect them to the main science concepts of the inquiry. Doing this will help reinforce your understanding of the main scientific concepts and ways to apply those concepts to Astronomy.
Finally, you will get the chance to build and use a telescope using what you learned in your investigations and the presentations.
As facilitators, we are here to guide you in your investigations, but we are not here to provide instructions or solutions.
Inquiry is not easy and you may find it difficult at times. It can be frustrating, but this is usually when the best learning occurs.
Finally, some of you may be familiar with these concepts and may be tempted to share your knowledge with others. It’s best for those people to try to find something to investigate at their own level, rather than teaching others. Part of the inquiry experience is having the opportunity to learn for yourself.

60. Activity Timeline 3:00-3:10 Introduction
3:10-3:25 Demos involving Lenses and Starters
3:25-3:40 Discussion of Vocab and Generate Questions
3:40-3:45 Choose question to investigate and form groups (2-3 people)
3:45-4:30 Focused Investigation
4:30-4:45 Make a poster to summarize your findings
4:45-5:15 Sharing out: each group will have 2 minutes to present
5:15-5:25 Converging Lenses Synthesis
5:25-5:45 Telescope Activity
5:45-5:50 Final Synthesis
Inquiry-based learning is likely a new experience for many of you.
We will show you a few demonstrations of phenomena involving lenses.
You will have a short period of time to get familiar with the materials and test these out while writing down vocabulary.
We will compile vocabulary as a class and you will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observed.
You will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observe.
In the Focused Investigations, you’ll choose a question from a list and investigate it in small groups of 2-3. We will give you 50 minutes to conduct your investigation.
In the Sharing Out, each group will have about 2 minutes to share the findings of your investigations with the class.
Then we will synthesize the findings and connect them to the main science concepts of the inquiry. Doing this will help reinforce your understanding of the main scientific concepts and ways to apply those concepts to Astronomy.
Finally, you will get the chance to build and use a telescope using what you learned in your investigations and the presentations.
As facilitators, we are here to guide you in your investigations, but we are not here to provide instructions or solutions.
Inquiry is not easy and you may find it difficult at times. It can be frustrating, but this is usually when the best learning occurs.
Finally, some of you may be familiar with these concepts and may be tempted to share your knowledge with others. It’s best for those people to try to find something to investigate at their own level, rather than teaching others. Part of the inquiry experience is having the opportunity to learn for yourself.

61. Activity Timeline 3:00-3:10 Introduction
3:10-3:25 Demos involving Lenses and Starters
3:25-3:40 Discussion of Vocab and Generate Questions
3:40-3:45 Choose question to investigate and form groups (2-3 people)
3:45-4:30 Focused Investigation
4:30-4:45 Make a poster to summarize your findings
4:45-5:15 Sharing out: each group will have 2 minutes to present
5:15-5:25 Converging Lenses Synthesis
5:25-5:45 Telescope Activity
5:45-5:50 Final Synthesis
Inquiry-based learning is likely a new experience for many of you.
We will show you a few demonstrations of phenomena involving lenses.
You will have a short period of time to get familiar with the materials and test these out while writing down vocabulary.
We will compile vocabulary as a class and you will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observed.
You will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observe.
In the Focused Investigations, you’ll choose a question from a list and investigate it in small groups of 2-3. We will give you 50 minutes to conduct your investigation.
In the Sharing Out, each group will have about 2 minutes to share the findings of your investigations with the class.
Then we will synthesize the findings and connect them to the main science concepts of the inquiry. Doing this will help reinforce your understanding of the main scientific concepts and ways to apply those concepts to Astronomy.
Finally, you will get the chance to build and use a telescope using what you learned in your investigations and the presentations.
As facilitators, we are here to guide you in your investigations, but we are not here to provide instructions or solutions.
Inquiry is not easy and you may find it difficult at times. It can be frustrating, but this is usually when the best learning occurs.
Finally, some of you may be familiar with these concepts and may be tempted to share your knowledge with others. It’s best for those people to try to find something to investigate at their own level, rather than teaching others. Part of the inquiry experience is having the opportunity to learn for yourself.

62. Activity Timeline 3:00-3:10 Introduction
3:10-3:25 Demos involving Lenses and Starters
3:25-3:40 Discussion of Vocab and Generate Questions
3:40-3:45 Choose question to investigate and form groups (2-3 people)
3:45-4:30 Focused Investigation
4:30-4:45 Make a poster to summarize your findings
4:45-5:15 Sharing out: each group will have 2 minutes to present
5:15-5:25 Converging Lenses Synthesis
5:25-5:45 Telescope Activity
5:45-5:50 Final Synthesis
Inquiry-based learning is likely a new experience for many of you.
We will show you a few demonstrations of phenomena involving lenses.
You will have a short period of time to get familiar with the materials and test these out while writing down vocabulary.
We will compile vocabulary as a class and you will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observed.
You will choose a question to investigate to explain one of the phenomena that you observe.
In the Focused Investigations, you’ll choose a question from a list and investigate it in small groups of 2-3. We will give you 50 minutes to conduct your investigation.
In the Sharing Out, each group will have about 2 minutes to share the findings of your investigations with the class.
Then we will synthesize the findings and connect them to the main science concepts of the inquiry. Doing this will help reinforce your understanding of the main scientific concepts and ways to apply those concepts to Astronomy.
Finally, you will get the chance to build and use a telescope using what you learned in your investigations and the presentations.
As facilitators, we are here to guide you in your investigations, but we are not here to provide instructions or solutions.
Inquiry is not easy and you may find it difficult at times. It can be frustrating, but this is usually when the best learning occurs.
Finally, some of you may be familiar with these concepts and may be tempted to share your knowledge with others. It’s best for those people to try to find something to investigate at their own level, rather than teaching others. Part of the inquiry experience is having the opportunity to learn for yourself.