1. Classical India
Culture and Economics

2. Hinduism Upanishads unifying force gurus - mystics
Divinities
Brahma – the creator
Shiva – the destroyer
Vishnu – the preserver
Reincarnation
Cremation
No eating beef
unifying force
not monolithic – allowed religious diversity
No single founder or central holy figure
Artha – economic goals
Karma – worldly pleasured
Dharma – religious path

4. Buddhism Gautama Buddha (ca 563–483 B.C.E.) Buddha = enlightened one
rejected caste system
Emphasized self-control
Materialism caused suffering
Nirvana = state of enlightenment
Monks
Monistaries
Spread religion to China, Korea, Japan, & Sri Lanka

5. Science and Math Science & Math University Astronomy Medicine
City of Nalanda attracted many students for study
Libraries, lecture halls, etc..
Astronomy
Medicine
Bone setting
Plastic surgery
vaccines
Number system
Concept of zero, negative numbers, square roots,…

6. Art
Stupas
Sculpture
Paintings
literature

7. Economy Agriculture Manufacturing Textiles Iron making
Internal & maritime trade with Middle East, East Asia, China, & Roman Empire
Tamils – Indian traders