1. Nomads (Hunters and Gatherers)
People who roam around looking for food by hunting animals and gathering plants

2. Farming (Agriculture)
Using domesticated animals and plants for food production; domesticated plants and animals are bigger and better for food or other human purposes; it creates enough food to allow for people to have specialized jobs instead of farming

3. Moving water from one place to another to water crops
Irrigation
Moving water from one place to another to water crops

4. A wall of earth to control the flood waters and help irrigate crops
Levee
A wall of earth to control the flood waters and help irrigate crops

5. Civilization
Culture that includes certain elements such as a system of writing, cities, farming, and workers with specialized jobs

6. Mesopotamia
Early civilizations first developed in the Tigris and Euphrates River valleys over six thousand years ago. Some of the first cities were established, a writing system was developed, empires were created and monumental buildings were constructed from
3100 BC to 539 BC.

7. Mesopotamia religious temple
Ziggurat
Mesopotamia religious temple

8. Ancient Egypt Pyramids: Burial tombs
Early civilization built around the Nile River valley from 3150 BC to 31 BC it was known for Pharaohs and pyramids along with other hallmarks of civilization.
Pyramids:
Burial tombs

9. Egyptian method of preserving the body for the afterlife
Mummy
Egyptian method of preserving the body for the afterlife

10. Ancient Egyptian form of paper made from a plant
Papyrus
Ancient Egyptian form of paper made from a plant

11. Mesopotamian Inventions
Wheel, irrigation, cuneiform writing, farming, calendar (to know when the floods would come and when to plant and harvest crops), plow

12. Religion
Having to do with Gods, prayer, meditation, spiritual matters, churches, temples, etc.

13. Monotheistic
Belief in one God

14. Polytheistic
Belief in many gods

15. Having to do with the government, laws, rules, elections, etc.
Political
Having to do with the government, laws, rules, elections, etc.

16. The use of science to make better tools and inventions
Scientific:
The observation and explanation of things in nature; creating new tools and technologies
Technology:
The use of science to make better tools and inventions

17. Writing:
Cuneiform-
Mesopotamia
Hieroglyphics-
Egypt

18. An area ruled by a central city that includes farmland
City-State
An area ruled by a central city that includes farmland

19. Territory ruled by a civilization
Empire
Territory ruled by a civilization

20. A family that rules over an empire for a long time
Dynasty
A family that rules over an empire for a long time
Smendes 1069 BC BC
Amenemnisu 1043 BC BC
Psusennes I 1039 BC BC
Amenemope 992 BC BC
Osorkon the Elder 983 BC BC
Siamun 977 BC BC
Psusennes II 958 BC BC

21. Theocracy – Priest-Kings
Rule of a government by religious leaders
Pharaoh

22. Monarchy
Rule by a king or queen

23. AD (Anno Domini-year of the Lord)
years after the birth of Jesus Christ (alternative is CE-Common Era)

24. BC (before Christ)
years before the birth of Jesus Christ (alternative is BCE-Before Common Era)