1. World War II

2. 40 other nations joined the Allies
World War II II
Allies
U.S.A
British Empire
U.S.S.R
France
40 other nations joined the Allies
78 million people died
Axis
Germany
Japan
Italy

3. Classwork: 4/3/17 1. Number your Study Guides 1-20
2. Complete maps on pages 2 and 3
Use Chapter 31 to help!
3. Read Chapter 31 Section 1 and answer questions 3 and 5

4. Chapter 31 Questions 3 and 5
3a. Each took aggressive action and seized other lands
3b. Germany and Italy sent forces to help France.  The Soviet Union and a few volunteers from Western nations supported the loyalists
5.  Hitler saw appeasement as a sign that other powers would not interfere with his plan for domination, and he continued to annex territory.  Finally, France and Britain realized that appeasement had failed, and they agreed to protect Poland.  When Poland was invaded, they declared war on Germany

5. Causes of World War II League of Nations is Weak Manchuria 1931
Ethiopia 1935
B. Appeasement-giving into the demands of an aggressor
Demilitarized the Rhineland
Anschluss
Sudetenland
Munich Pact

8. Berlin-Tokyo-Rome Axis
Spanish Civil War
Dress Rehearsal for WWII
Spain becomes Fascist but remains neutral
The United States and Isolationism
Neutrality Acts

9. The immediate cause of World War II was the German invasion of Poland on September 1st 1939
Nazi-Soviet-
Non-Aggression Pact
Was a secret deal
Between Germany
and Russia
to divide up
Poland

10. Classwork Assignment What were the main causes of WWII?
Why did Britain and France give in to Hitler’s demands? What is this concept called?

11. Blitzkrieg Also called “lightning warfare”
Military strategy of consistent attacks to overwhelm the enemy
Joint effort between mobile forces and motorized militaries

12. Battle of Britain (July-October 1940)
Code name for German attack- “Operation Sea Lion”
Massive German air raids in Britain to weaken their air force
Most affected area was London- citizens hid in subway tunnels, cellars, basements, etc.
Hundreds of children sent out of Britain for safety

13. Outcome of Battle of Britain
17,000 people were killed 
Hitler abandoned the attack because of Britain’s high morale – Operation Sea Lion was a Failure!
Hitler could not defeat Britain’s nationalism
Also Britain had radar
Fighting on Home Turf
Turning point in the beginning of the war
First setback for Hitler and Nazi Germany

19. Atlantic Charter-was a declaration released by
U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt and British Prime
Minister Winston Churchill on August 14, 1941 following
a secret meeting of the two heads of state in Newfoundland.

20. Operation Barbarossa After failing to subdue Great Britain
     Germany attacked U.S.S.R
Two Front War
Lend Lease
Russians  were not prepared

22. Japanese surprise attack on the
December 7th 1941
Japanese surprise attack on the
American navel
base at Pearl Harbor

26. Exit Ticket: 4/4/17
Answer questions 1-4 on page 780 (Chapter 31 Section 2 Review)

27. Review Answers
1. a. phony war – British and French troops hunkered down together behind the Maginot Line.  b. Dunkirk - Trapped between Nazi forces and the English Channel, 300,000 British troops were picked up by all available water vessels at Dunkirk and brought to safety in Britain. C. Winston Churchill replaced Neville Chamberlain as the PM of Great Britain. D. Battle of Britain – German bombers began a daily bombardment of Britain for 57 nights, killing 17,000 people.  Citizens carried on their daily lives, boosting morale. E. Barbarossa – Hitler unleashes a Blitzkreig on the Soviet Union.  Germany advanced quickly as Russians destroyed their own goods.  Just outside of Moscow and Leningrad, the advance stalled due to the "General Winter." F. Lend-Lease Act – Allowed FDR to sell or lend war materials.  G. Pearl Harbor - General Tojo ordered surprise attack on the American Fleet at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.

28. Review Answers 2a. Blitzkrieg – lightning war
2b. Radar – used to detect airplanes
2c. Sonar – used to detect submarines
3. by striking fast, using modern technology, never giving the enemy time to prepare or defend itself.
4. it diverted much of Hitler's war machine away from Britain and aimed at the Soviet Union

29. Turning Points of
World War II

30. El Alamein (1942 North Africa)
The British defeat a German army and secures the
Suez Canal
Erwin Rommel vs. Bernard Montgomery

31. Invasion of Italy Combined British and American Invasion
Allied soldiers receive a lot of support from
Italian Citizens
Italy is quickly defeated and Mussolini
is killed
Hitler has to send large
armies to secure his Italy
It becomes a real slug fest

32. Stalingrad (Eastern Front)
German advance is halted
Russia begins counter attacking
Russian winter plays a major role
Hitler becomes obsessed with Stalingrad

33. Midway Major turning point in the Pacific
U.S. figured out Japanese Codes

34. Battle of Midway At first, Japan won many battles
May 1942 – Japan has control of the Philippines
Bataan Death March – Japan killed 10,000 Filipino troops
In June of 1942, U.S. warships and airplanes destroyed two Japanese fleets during the battles of Coral Sea and Midway Island
General MacArthur leads U.S. marines into Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands
Begins "island hopping" campaign – recapture some Japanese islands while bypassing others
This led the U.S. directly towards the island of Japan, which was blockaded as their cities were destroyed.

36. Normandy Invasion 1944 France D-Day
American, Canadian, British Soldiers
advance into France

37. Invasion of France: "D-Day"
1944 – Allies ready to open a 2nd front in Europe   
Eisenhower – Supreme allied commander   
To prepare for the invasion, allied bombers flew constant missions over Germany   
Targeted factories/cities   
After midnight, June 6, 1944 allied planes dropped paratroopers behind enemy lines   
At dawn, ships ferried 176,000 Allied troops across the English channel 

39. Invasion of France: "D-Day"
From landing craft, troops fought their way to shore despite underwater mines and heavy machine-gun fire. 
Broke through German lines at Normandy and headed to Paris 
Other Allied forces sailed from Italy to land in southern France 
Germans retreated in France 
August 25, Allies enter Paris which was free within 1 month 
Attention was now focused on conquering Germany and defeating Japan

43. Exit Ticket: 4/17/17
Answer questions 3, 4, & 5 in the Chapter 31 Section 4.
To be handed in and graded!

44. Do Now: 4/18/17
List the battles/operations that we have covered to date.
Which battle/operation intrigues you the most?
Which one do you think had the greatest impact on WWII?

45. War Efforts Back Home
Factories stopped producing home appliances and luxury items (cars and refrigerators)
Regulated prices and rationed goods
Internment of Japanese Americans in the West
Women working in factories producing airplanes and tanks

46. The Co-Prosperity Sphere
Japan states “Asia is for Asians”
The desire of an empire free from Western interference/involvement
Japanese brutality towards Chinese

48. Big Three Decisions Yalta Conference Potsdam Conference
“Big Three” met for the last time
demilitarize and de-Nazify Germany
Determine war reparations and war crime trials for Germany
Get Japan to surrender
Potsdam Conference
Meeting to decide how to make Japan surrender
Churchill, Truman, Stalin
Ultimatum to Japan: quick & complete destruction if they didn’t surrender

49. The Defeat of Japan
The battles in the Pacific were massive and the deadliest
of the War
The U.S.A. followed a policy of Island Hopping—jumping
from one Island to another to establish air bases to bomb
Japanese main land
The naval battles and bombings were intense!
100,000 people killed in one night in Tokyo 
Kamikaze – Japanese pilot who undertook a suicide mission

50. Tarawa Iwo Jima Okinawa Leyte Gulf Fanaticism kamikazes'
26,000 casualties
7000 dead
Okinawa
100,000 Japanese casualties
50,000 American casualties
Leyte Gulf
Invasion of the Philippine's
Largest Naval Battle in
history

52. The Manhattan Project Was the Code name for the construction of the
Atomic Bomb.

57. Atomic Bombing Hiroshima (August 6th, 1945) “Little Boy”
-effects:57% people burned from flash/flame
-33% killed from falling debris
-10% other causes
*~350,000 people killed (landscape-delta)
Nagasaki (August 9th, 1945) “Fat Man”
-roughly 75,000 people killed (landscape-valley)

58. End of WWII
- On August 10, 1945, Emperor Hirohito intervened – an action unheard of by a Japanese Emperor – Forcing the government to surrender. - President Hideki Tojo was very violent and disagreed (he ordered to attack on Pearl Harbor - On September 2, 1945, the formal peace treaty was signed on board the American battleship Missouri which was anchored in Tokyo Bay - World War II was over

60. The End Of the War and the
Start of the Cold War
Human Cost
2. Nuremberg Trials
-Military and political leaders would be
held accountable
3. The United Nations
-Security Council

61. United Nations Security Council
Military arm of the United Nations
15 countries total that are voted in on two year terms
5 permanent members that can veto

62. Division of Germany (East and West) Run by the Allied nations
Result of the Potsdam Conference in 1945
Way to make sure that Nazi Germany wouldn’t rise to power once again
Berlin Wall Construction

63. Blockade of Berlin and
Berlin Airlift

64. From World War to Cold War
New power struggle & superpowers
-Soviet Union and the U.S.
Conflicting ideologies and mutual distrust
-economic and political differences
Called “cold” because no true armed fighting occurred

65. Stalin’s Goals Spread communism throughout Eastern Europe
Create a buffer zone against Germany as a defense mechanism
3. Creates “satellite states”

67. Recap of the Day How many people died during World War II?
What was the purpose of the Nuremberg Trials?
What is the importance of the United Nations Security Council?
What is a satellite state?
Why did Stalin block off East Germany?
What was the purpose of the Berlin Airlift?

68. A VOICE FROM THE PAST From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the continent. Behind that line lie all the states of Central and Eastern Europe All these populations lie in the Soviet sphere and all are subject not only to Soviet influence but to increasing control from Moscow.
Winston Churchill, "Iron Curtain" speech
Iron Curtain Speech

69. Efforts to Contain Communism
Churchill’s “Iron Curtain” speech
Truman’s strategy of containment
-limiting communism to areas already under Soviet control
-no further expansion of communism
NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)

70. Truman Doctrine The Marshall Plan
Adoption of containment
Limiting communism to areas already under Soviet Control
Provides military and economic aid to countries resisting communism
Main recipients: 
Greece and Turkey
The Marshall Plan
-massive economic package to rebuild Europe
-strengthen democratic governments
-lessen the appeal of communism
-rejected by Soviet Union