1. Combined Ionic and Covalent Compounds
Everything together

2. Properties of Ionic Compounds
Electrons are transferred (Made of Ions)
Metal and a Nonmetal present (except NH4+ may be present)
High Melting Points
High Boiling Points
Normally Solids at Room Temperature
Conduct electricity when liquid or dissolved
Normally dissolve in Water

3. Properties of Covalent Compounds
Electrons are shared (no ions)
Only Nonmetals present (NH4+ will be ionic)
Low Melting Points
Low Boiling Points
Normally Gases and Liquids or solids at Room Temp
Don’t conduct electricity
Normally DON’T dissolve in water

4. Molecules and Compounds
MOLECULE: 2 or more atoms COVALENTLY Bonded. (Maybe the same element)
COMPOUND: 2 or more DIFFERENT atoms combined
MOLECULAR COMPOUND (Both): 2 or more DIFFERENT atoms COVALENTLY bonded.

5. IONIC COMPOUNDS
A CATION combined with an ANION to form a neutral compound (formula unit)
NaCl, CuF2, Ca(NO3)2, (NH4)SO4
Normally has a metal and a nonmetal or one or more Polyatomic Ions.
Electrons are transferred and opposite charges bring the ions together.

6. COVALENT COMPOUNDS NO IONS are present Made up of NONMETALS only
Except Polyatomic Ions themselves are covalent
Made up of NONMETALS only
Electrons are shared to complete Octets (8 electrons per atom) except H which gets 2 electrons

7. NAMING IONIC COMPOUNDS
Name the Cation first
Groups 1, 2, Ag, Cd, Zn, Al and Ammonium get NO ROMAN NUMERIAL
All other Metals get a Roman Numerial which is the CHARGE
Name the Anion
Negative elements end in –ide
Polyatomics get their ate or ite

8. NAMING COVALENT COMPOUNDS
Use Prefixes to state the number of each type of element present
DON’T use mon on the first element
LAST name ends in ide

9. TERMS
ION: An atom or group of atoms that lost or gained electrons and has a charge
ANION: A negatively charged atom or group of atoms. Has gained one or more electrons
CATION: A positively charged atom or group of atoms. Has lost one or more electrons

10. MORE TERMS
OCTET RULE: All atoms need 8 valence electrons, Except H, He, Li, Be – 2 only
CHEMICAL FORMULA: A representation of a substance using symbols for its constituent elements
FORMULA UNIT: The smallest repeating unit of a substance. The molecule for nonionic substances. Also called the Empirical formula

11. EVEN MORE TERMS
IONIC BOND: A chemical link between two atoms caused by the electrostatic force between oppositely-charged ions in an ionic compound.
COVALENT BOND: a chemical link between two atoms in which electrons are shared between them.
POLYATOMIC ION: Two or more nonmetals combined together with a charge (YOU MUST KNOW THE LIST)

12. AGAIN EVEN MORE
VALENCE ELECTRONS: an electron that is the most likely to be involved in a chemical reaction. They are typically the highest energy s and p electrons.
COMPOUNDS: 2 or more DIFFERENT atoms combined
MOLECULE: 2 or more atoms COVALENTLY Bonded
MONOATOMIC ION: An ion made up of only one type of element.