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Spine Anatomy
Spine anatomy is divided into 4 major sections, typically defined by the number of vertebrae in each section:
7 Cervical vertebrae
12 thoracic vertebrae
5 Lumbar vertebrae 
Sacral region (5 bony
segments fused together)

2. Normal Spine
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3. Spinal Discs are in Between Each Vertebra
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Spinal Discs are in Between Each Vertebra
Spinal discs are located in
between each of the vertebral
bodies
Each disc is named according
to which two vertebral bodies
it lies between

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What is a Spinal Disc
Spinal discs are round in diameter and flat on the top and bottom, and are attached securely to the vertebrae above and below them. The discs are somewhat pliant, providing shock absorption for the spine.

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Normal Disc Functions
The spinal disc acts as a strong elastic pivot for each joint segment of the spine, providing stability and allowing a relatively wide range of motion in all directions in the lower back and neck.

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When a disc starts to lose its strength and pliability, however, it can cause a range of painful and potentially debilitating symptoms.

7. Some Disc Diseases discogel-uae.com
Degenerative Disc This condition can occur as part of the aging process in which the discs in the spine start to dry out, thereby losing some of their flexibility and shock Absorption.
As part of this process, the inner portion of the disc
shrinks, providing less cushioning between the boney
vertebrae in the spine, and the outer part of the disc
can suffer small tears, all of which can cause pain.

8. Herniated Disc
This can happen if the inner material of the disc, the Soft nucleus, leaks out of the disc (or “herniates”) and touches the nerve root.
The material within the disc is highly inflammatory,
and any contact with a nerve can cause pain.
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9. 3 Insights for Patients with Disc Problems
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3 Insights for Patients with Disc Problems
1. Having a Disc Disorder Does Not Equate to Having Pain 2. Diagnostic Testing Does Not Usually Identify the Source of Pain 3. Deciding on Disc Surgery is a Complicated Process

10. Normal Curves of Spine
Curves are a normal part of the spine's structure.
Looking at the spine from the side (lateral), several
curves can be seen (soft 'S' shape)
When viewing the spinal column from the rear (posterior),
the spine appears vertically straight -- from the neck to the tailbone 
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11. The normal curves are termed lordosis and kyphosis
Lordosis is defined by an excessive inward
curve of the spine.
Although it primary affects the lumbar spine,
it does occur in the neck too
Kyphosis is defined by an excessive outward
curve of the spine and may cause a deformity
such as a humpback or hunchback
Scoliosis is the abnormal curving of the spine
to the left or right side 
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12. Some References discogel-uae.com