1. CS 21a: Intro to Computing I
Department of Information Systems and Computer Science
Ateneo de Manila University

2. Introduction Important information Overview of the course
Overview of computing
What is computer science?
Introduction to Java
6/15/2005
Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved.

3. Important information
Course web site:
Syllabus and contact info posted there
Section-specific information
Quick overview of class policies
PLEASE READ THE SYLLABUS AND ASK QUESTIONS IF YOU HAVE ANY
6/15/2005
Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved.

4. Overview of CS21A At the end of this course, you’ll be able to:
Analyze a basic problem and design a solution in terms of objects and algorithms
Implement your solution using Java
Write simple graphical programs and games
Learn more on your own by reading documentation and books
6/15/2005
Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved.

5. What is Computer Science?
"Computer science is as much about computers as astronomy is about telescopes."
- Edsgar Dijkstra
Not just writing computer programs or learning how to use popular tools
In general, the study of the processing of information
(In French, CS is known as Informatique)
Includes many areas
mathematics, science, engineering, crafts and art
A whole new way of thinking
6/15/2005
Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved.

6. What will I get out of CS?
You will learn to (up to a certain extent), how to:
Use
Design
Implement (Program or Set up)
Manage
Understand / Debug
Evaluate
Computer Systems and Information Systems (Hardware and Software)
6/15/2005
Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved.

7. What will I get out of CS?
You will also learn general “tricks” that apply to many things in real life
Examples
You can use sorting algorithms even if you’re sorting things by hand.
You will find applications for things like pipelining, caching, queueing theory, network routing, state machines, etc., etc. in many real-life systems (especially if you go into operations research or management)
6/15/2005
Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved.

8. CS: A Way of Thinking
After 4 years in CS / MIS, you will have learned a new way of thinking
You will learn to
think methodically and systematically
Instinctively think of real-world problems and situations in terms of interacting objects and systems
Analyze real-world problems in a methodical way and generate a systematic solution that works!
You might not even notice yourself learning this! It will just gradually become instinct. (We hope!)
6/15/2005
Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved.

9. Basic Terminologies Computer Program and Algorithm
Hardware and Software
Operating System
Programming Language
Compiler
6/15/2005
Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved.

10. Computer Computer Parts of a Computer
an electronic device that can store, retrieve, and process data through programs
Parts of a Computer
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
Memory
Input/Output Devices
6/15/2005
Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved.

11. Program and Algorithm Program Algorithm Program versus Algorithm
a sequence of instructions for a computer
Algorithm
a sequence of unambiguous instructions designed to perform a given task.
“performing a task” implies that it must terminate and produce output
Program versus Algorithm
6/15/2005
Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved.

12. Hardware Definition Parts of a Computer Revisited
the physical components of a computer
Parts of a Computer Revisited
CPU: made up of the Control Unit (CU) and the Arithmetic/Logic Unit (ALU)
Memory: internal data storage
I/O Devices: presents (output) and accepts (input) data to and from the outside world
6/15/2005
Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved.

13. Software Definition Examples of Programs
the collection of all programs
Examples of Programs
word processor
browser
application programs
compiler
operating system
6/15/2005
Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved.

14. Operating System Examples Definition Windows, DOS, UNIX
a program that manages the computer’s resources
resources: devices, programs, and files
6/15/2005
Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved.

15. Languages and Compilers
Programming Language
a set of rules, symbols and special words used to construct a program
Machine Language: a set of binary-coded instructions used directly by the computer
Compiler
a program that translates a “high-level” program into machine language instructions
6/15/2005
Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved.

16. History of Computers 5 Generations
0th: the “difference engine” (Babbage)
1st: vacuum tube technology (Mark I, ENIAC)
2nd: transistors (faster, smaller, more reliable)
3rd: integrated circuits (“ICs”)
4th: large-scale integration (LSI), VLSI (led to the development of microcomputers)
6/15/2005
Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved.

17. Computer Science Not just “programming” A discipline, a science
Seeks to build a foundation for
computer design
program development
information processing
algorithmic solutions of problems
6/15/2005
Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved.

18. Fields in Computer Science
Software Engineering
Theory of Computing
Database Systems
Computer Architecture
Operating Systems
Data Communications and Networking
and a lot more ...
6/15/2005
Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved.

19. Software Engineering Development of Programs
how to program (CS 21a, CS 21b)
Systems Analysis and Design
disciplined activities that precedes programming (CS 123 for CS majors, MIS 121 for MIS majors)
Software Development Phases
engineering concepts apply to developing software (CS 124)
6/15/2005
Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved.

20. Theory of CS Data Structures and Algorithms
analyze problems, representations, and algorithmic solutions (CS 110)
Mathematics for Computer Science ( formerly Discrete Math)
areas where Math and CS meet (AMC 124 and AMC 125)
Theory of Computation
formal models of computational solvability (CS 130)
6/15/2005
Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved.

21. Database Systems Database System CS 122
a computerized system that maintains information and makes it available on demand
CS 122
Data models and database design
Data manipulation languages
Data protection issues: DB integrity, security, concurrency, recovery
6/15/2005
Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved.

22. Computer Architecture
CS 150 (for MIS Majors) CS 152a and CS 152b (for CS Majors) - studies the structure, characteristics and operation of modern day computer systems
CPU design, function and operation
Memory organization, I/O architecture
Pipelining
CISC, RISC, super-scalar architectures
Parallel and network architectures
6/15/2005
Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved.

23. Operating Systems
CS 161 (for MIS majors) / CS 162a and CS 162b (for CS Majors) - studies the design and implementation of operating systems and the theories and principles used in its development
process models, scheduling, synchronization
virtual memory, caching
I/O device management
file systems and structures
6/15/2005
Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved.

24. Data Communications and Computer Networks
CS 154 (for CS Majors)/MIS 131 (for MIS Majors) - covers the fundamentals of data communications, computer networking and internetworking
Data communications
Network architectures
Communication protocols
LAN,MAN,WAN concepts and technologies
Internet and TCP/IP
6/15/2005
Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved.

25. Other Fields Compiler Design Artificial Intelligence
Computer-Aided Instruction
Multimedia Systems
Parallel Processing
Management Information Systems (MIS part of CS versus CS part of MIS)
6/15/2005
Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved.