1. Nonlinguistic Representations
Presented by
Bersaida Vega
Sydney Gilbey
Jane Cook
Some slides adapted from: schools.net/daleyl/Powerpoints.html

2. Objectives
As a result of participating in this session, teachers will be able to:
Define why nonlinguistic representation is an effective teaching strategy
Cite research related to nonlinguistic representation
Apply the effective teaching strategy of nonlinguistic representation

3. Warm-Up – What is Nonlinguistic Representation?
Go to: Try one of the interactive math terms

4. This means that more than 50% of people are nonlinguistic learners
Research on Learners
18% are auditory learners
32% are visual learners
25% are tactile learners
25% are kinesthetic learners
This means that more than 50% of people are nonlinguistic learners

5. What is Nonlinguistic Representation?
Nonlinguistic Representation is an aspect of information processing that uses the imagery mode, expressed as mental pictures or even physical sensations, such as smell, taste, touch, kinesthetic association, and sound (Richardson, 1983)
Classroom Instruction That Works, Marzano, et al, 2001, p. 73

6. Research and Theory
Knowledge is stored in two forms - a linguistic form and an imagery form…The non-linguistic form is the imagery mode of representation; primarily mental pictures and physical sensations. Using nonlinguistic representations will help students increase knowledge with mental images. (Source:
Synthesized from Classroom Instruction That Works, Marzano, et al, 2001

7. What Does the Research Say?
When using Nonlinguistic Representation, the research showed that the range of percentile gain was 19 to 40 percentile points.
Classroom Instruction That Works, Marzano, et al, 2001, p. 74

8. Generalizations to Guide Teachers in Using Nonlinguistic Representations
A variety of activities produce nonlinguistic representations.
Creating graphic representations
Making physical models
Generating mental pictures
Drawing pictures and pictographs
Engaging in kinesthetic activity
Classroom Instruction That Works, Marzano, et al, 2001, p

9. Generalizations to Guide Teachers in Using Nonlinguistic Representations
A variety of activities produce nonlinguistic representations.
Nonlinguistic representations should elaborate on knowledge.
Classroom Instruction That Works, Marzano, et al, 2001, p

10. Classroom Practice in Nonlinguistic Representation
Graphic Organizers

11. Patterns of nonlinguistic representation
Descriptive Patterns
Time-Sequence Patterns
Process/Cause-Effect Patterns
Episode Patterns
Generalization/Principl e Patterns
Concept Patterns

12. Descriptive Patterns
They can be used to represent facts about specific persons, places, things, and events.
The information does not need to be in any particular order.

13. Time-Sequence Patterns
Organize events in a specific chronological order

14. Process/Cause-Effect Patterns
Organize information into a casual network leading to a specific outcome or into a sequence of steps leading to a specific product
EFFECT

15. Episode Patterns EPISODE
Organize information about specific events including:
- a setting (time and place)
- specific people
- specific duration
- specific sequence of events
- particular cause and effect
EPISODE
CAUSE
EFFECT
PERSON
PLACE
DURATION
TIME

16. Generalization/Principal Patterns
Principle
Example
Organize information into general statements with supporting examples

17. Concept Patterns The most general of all patterns
Organize information around a word or phrase that represents entire classes or categories of persons, places things, and events
CONCEPT
CHARACTERISTIC
Example

18. Make Physical Models
Concrete representation of the knowledge that is being learned
Souvenirs/tokens
3D models – dioramas
File folder reviews

19. Draw Pictures and Pictographs
Symbolic pictures that represent the knowledge that has been learned
Flip books
Illustrate vocabulary

20. Engage in Kinesthetic Activity
Physical movement associated with knowledge generates a mental image of the knowledge in the mind
Finger plays
Role playing/charades
Elkonin boxes
Hand/body movements