1. How to create new businesses in the circular economy?
Circular economy and Closed loop supply chains – a new paradigm in operations strategy

2. ...but it is reaching its physical limits
Circular Economy
From “Take – make – waste” production perspective to a restorative and regeneative model
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Current economic model relies on large quantities of cheap, easily accessible materials, human resources and energy …
...but it is reaching its physical limits

4. Circular Economy
aims to keep products, components, and materials at their highest utility and value at all times.
seeks to ultimately decouple global economic development from finite resource consumption
enables generating economic growth, creating jobs, and reducing environmental impacts, including carbon emissions

5. Circular Economy

6. ... ¾ of total jobs are generated in manufacturing
Circular Economy
Some figures about emissions and jobs
Recycling
CIRCULAR
MODEL
↓↓ Energy
↓↓ Emissions
↓↓ Pollution
↑↑↑ Jobs
Reuse
Raw Material
Parts and products
Use
Waste
¾ of total energy consumption and emissions come from raw material extraction
... ¾ of total jobs are generated in manufacturing

7. Resolve Framework – Towards a circular economy
REgenerate - Shift to renewable energy and materials; Reclaim, retain, and restore health of ecosystems; Return recovered biological resources to the biosphere
Share - Share assets (e.g. cars, rooms, appliances); Reuse/secondhand; Prolong life through maintenance, design for durability, upgradability, etc.
Optmize - Increase performance/efficiency of product; Remove waste in production and supply chain; Leverage big data, automation, remote sensing and steering
Loop - Remanufacture products or components; Recycle materials; Extract biochemicals from organic waste
Virtualise - Dematerialise directly (e.g. books, CDs, DVDs, travel) Dematerialise indirectly (e.g. online shopping)
Exchange - Replace old with advanced non-renewable materials
Apply new technologies (e.g. 3D printing)
Choose new product/service (e.g. multimodal transport)
Source: Ellen MacArthur Foundation