1. The Effective Reader (Updated Edition) by D. J. Henry
Chapter 5:
Outlines and Concept Maps
PowerPoint Presentation
by Gretchen Starks-Martin
St. Cloud State University, MN

2. Outlines
An outline shows the relationships among the main idea, major supporting details, and minor supporting details.
A formal outline uses Roman numerals to indicate the main idea, capital letters to indicate the major details, and Arabic numbers to indicate minor details.
An informal outline is at the student’s personal discretion.

3. Formal Outline Differences between Porpoises and Dolphins Shape Size
1. Porpoises: small and plump with blunt nose.
2. Dolphins: long bodies and beak nose.
Size
1. Porpoise 6 feet and 300 pounds
2. Dolphins 4-26 feet and 70- 1,500 pounds

4. Concept Maps
A concept map is a diagram that shows the flow of ideas from the main idea to the supporting details.
The main idea is placed in a box or circle as a heading and then major supporting details are in boxes or circles beneath the main idea.
Arrows or lines are used to show the flow of ideas.

5. Example

6. The Table of Contents
The table of contents is a special kind of outline based on topics and subtopics.
It lists the contents of each chapter.
An effective reader examines the table of contents to understand how the author has organized the information.

7. Chapter Review
Supporting details explain, develop, and support a main idea.
To locate supporting details, an effective reader turns the main idea into a question.
A major detail directly explains, develops, illustrates, or supports the main idea.
A minor detail explains, develops, or supports the major detail.
In a passage, ideas usually flow from general to specific ideas.

8. Chapter Review
An outline shows the relationships among the main idea, major supporting details, and minor supporting details.
An author often uses signal words such as a few causes, a number of reasons, several steps, or several kinds of to introduce a main idea.
An author often uses signal words such as first, second, furthermore, moreover, next, or finally to indicate that a supporting detail is coming.

9. Chapter Review
A formal outline uses Roman numerals to indicate the main idea, capital letters to indicate the major details, and Arabic numbers to indicate the minor details.
A concept map is a diagram that shows the flow of ideas from the main point to the supporting details.

10. Practice Complete the Applications, Review Tests, and Mastery Tests for Chapter 5 in your book. * Remember to complete your scorecard for the Review Tests in this chapter.