1. PORIFERA REVIEW

2. Spicules
Which of the following is made of calcium carbonate or silicon dioxide that are often shaped like spikes?
spicules b. ostium
c. choanocyte d. osculum

3. Budding Sponges reproduce asexually by ___________.
a. budding b. internal fertilization
c. hermaphroditic intercourse

4. Choanocytes
Which of the following cells traps from the water in order for the sponge to filter the food?
a. amoebocytes b. choanocytes c. gemmules d. none of the above

5. Mesenchyme
Amoebocytes take digested food through the __________ to other cells in the sponge.
a. endodermis b. epidermis c. mesenchyme

6. fragmentation
_____________ is an example of asexual reproduction in which mitotic cell division occurs.
a. fragmentation b. gemmules c. amoebocytosis

7. Little need for sunlight
What allows sponges to live at great depths where most organisms would die?
a. extra chlorophyll
b. little need for sunlight
c. extra nutrients in the water

8. spongocoel The inside of the body cavity of a sponge is known as ___.
b. acoelomate
c. asymmetry

9. leucon
Which of the body structures is very common and is the largest of all the sponge body structures?

10. Endoderm The inner layer of the sponges cell makeup is the ____.
a. epiderm
b. ectoderm
c. endoderm

11. Osculum
During sexual reproduction, sperm and egg are released into the water through the sponge’s ____.
a. ostium
b. osculum
c. epiderm

12. The sponge below exhibits what body structure?
leucon

13. Food, amoebocytes, spicules
Identify 3 things that are contained in a gemmule.

14. Sycon
Which body type of sponges is slightly larger, thicker and more complex than an asconoid?

15. Which of the sponge body types is the simplest and the least common?
ascon
Which of the sponge body types is the simplest and the least common?

16. This sponge exhibits what body structure?
ASCON

17. The common name for sponges in class Sclerospongiae is __________.
Coralline sponges
The common name for sponges in class Sclerospongiae is __________.

18. Hexactinellida
The spicules of this class are made of silica and have 6 points & look like stars.

19. Demospongiae
This is the largest class of sponges. 90% of all sponges belong to this class.

20. Calcarea
The common name for this class is calcareous sponges. This class can be all 3 body types.

21. Demospongiae
The spicules of this class of sponges can be made of spongin, silica or both. These sponges have a leucon body structure.

22. Identify IN ORDER the 3 jobs of the amoebocyte.
1. Pick up food from choanocytes 2. finish digestion 3. take food and oxygen through the mesenchyme to the rest of the cells
Identify IN ORDER the 3 jobs of the amoebocyte.

23. Both male and female reproductive organs
What does it mean to be a hermaphrodite?

24. Mostly asymmetry but can be radially symmetrical
What type of symmetry do sponges have?

25. They live attached and cannot move
Why are adult sponges said to be sessile animals?

26. What does Porifera mean?
Pore-bearing
What does Porifera mean?

27. Amoebocytes, food, protective spicules
What 3 parts comprise a gemmule?

28. To what SUBKINGDOM do sponges belong?
Parazoa
To what SUBKINGDOM do sponges belong?

29. Demospongiae
If you were to buy a real sea sponge commercially, what class of sponges would be involved?

30. Barrel sponge
WHAT IS THE COMMON NAME OF THE SPONGE IN THE BACKGROUND OF THIS SLIDE?

31. Name 3 things that makes the class Hexactinellida special?
Spicules have electronic receivers Primitive liquid known as syncitia makes tissues cannot contract or constrict
Name 3 things that makes the class Hexactinellida special?

32. Sponges have ___ cell layers.2
Sponges have ___ cell layers.

33. Endoderm and epidermis
Name the 2 cell layers of sponges from inner to outer layer.