1. Podcast Videos http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QQtJNK5_8Uk PAPOL

2. Welcome to the 2nd Continental Congress! Summer 1776
You MUST have your journal, folder, and a pen/pencil today.
On Level:
Get out the bag containing today’s Video Stepping Stones
Lay them face up on your desks
Preview them with your partner so that you know what to listen for when we begin

3. Jump Start. . . Let’s imagine . . .
Our class has been stranded on a small island without any adults or hope of being rescued!
With your partner, you will form an organized government that will run the island.
Answer the following questions in your journal:
Who will be the leader of the island? How will you choose the leader?
Do you need to defend your land? If so, how will you get the $$ to pay the soldiers?
How will you make sure everyone is treated fairly?
How will disputes(arguments) be settled?
Will you make laws? How will you do this?

4. We’re in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
It’s Summer of
We’re in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
We’ve formed an army.
We’ve chosen a leader.
We’ve declared our Independence.
No comes the complicated part. Many Americans have a deep distrust of government. They don’t want a repeat of powerful governors and unfair laws.
Members of the 2nd Continental Congress had the task of creating this new government In the middle of the Revolutionary War.

5. Articles of Confederation
In 1777, the first form of American government was created: the Articles of Confederation.
This government created a very loose alliance of 13 independent states.
From the start, there were many flaws (weaknesses) of the Articles of Confederation government.

6. Articles of Confederation
After the war, each state created their own government
Each made a republic- citizens chose representatives
Also discussed how to form the national government
Saw how they had to unite to win the war

7. Articles of Confederation
Adopted by Congress in 1781
1st National Constitution/Government
State governments were stronger than the national government
Feared putting too much power in a small group’s hands
Reflects the experiences they had under a monarchy

8. Strengths of the Articles of Confederation
Congress had the power to:
Declare war and peace
Print money
Negotiate treaties
The Treaty of Paris 1783 was negotiated and signed
The Land (1785) & Northwest (1787) Ordinances were passed

9. Settling Western Lands
Passed laws on how to divide and govern the land:
The Land Ordinance of divided the land using a grid system to establish 6 mile blocks
The Northwest Ordinance described how to govern the land
5,000 free males who own 50 acres can start an elected assembly
Population of 60,000 could apply for statehood

10. Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation
Congress DID NOT have the power to:
Raise taxes
Could not pay off war debt
Regulate foreign or state trade
Enforce laws
Laws had to be approved by 9 of the 13 states
Difficult to get such a large majority
Changes to the Articles had to be approved by ALL 13 states

11. Jump Start Get a Hand-Fist sheet from the front table
Use your video summaries and notes from yesterday to answer the following question in a complete sentence:
What were two reasons that the Articles of Confederation failed?

12. Articles of Confederation =
America’s 1st National Constitution
“A loose alliance of 13 independent states”
Afraid of giving too much power to the Central/National Government (memories of the King) – it gave too much power to the STATES.
Why are the Articles of Confederation Weak?

13. 2014

14. Articles of Confederation = America’s 1st National Constitution
Title Your Sheet:
Articles of Confederation =
America’s 1st National Constitution
“A loose alliance of 13 independent states”

15. PINKY FINGER (WEAKEST)
Above the pinky finger-Write “weak central government.”
Inside the pinky finger-Write “ No president to carry out laws & no courts to settle arguments = only 1 branch!
3. Color it Pink to represent the weakest or smallest finger.

16. Under the Articles of Confederation
Under the Articles of Confederation The Federal (Central) Government was
WEAK

17. Could I please have $10,000?
Central Government

18. (You need $$$ to get married)
RING FINGER
(You need $$$ to get married)
Above the ring finger-Write “no money”
In the ring finger-Write “ Government could not levy (pass) taxes.”
3. Color it Green to represent money.

19. MIDDLE FINGER
(It’s in the Middle)
Above the middle finger-Write “border disputes”
In the middle finger-Write “Border disputes over western lands.”
3. Color it Brown to represent land.

20. Congress did not have the power to settle border disputes between the new states

21. INDEX FINGER (POINTER) (Shaking your finger when you disagree)
Above the index finger-Write “quarreling states”
In the index finger-Write “States argue over tariffs. All have different currencies. Who decides?”
3. Color it Red for Anger.
Remember: No court system under the Articles!

22. THUMB
(thumbs down)
Above the thumb-Write “no respect”
In the thumb-Write “Foreign nations did not respect the new US. 13 States = 13 sets of rules”
3. Color it Blue for Sadness.

23. ALL 13 states have to agree… VERY Difficult to get a total majority
What if we wanted to CHANGE something/AMEND the Articles? How would we do it?
AMENDMENT = CHANGE
ALL 13 states have to agree…
VERY Difficult to get a total majority

24. “Required all 13 states to make changes (amend) – nearly impossible!”
Inside the watch, write
“Required all 13 states to make changes (amend) – nearly impossible!” 13
states
Required all
To make changes (amend)
Nearly impossible!

25. Hold your hand up.
With your finger (careful on the middle one ) show me which finger is represented by each of the following cartoons.
Ready?

30. AND MONEY!

31. Now we will focus on the wrist & fist
Land Ordinance
Northwest Ordinance 1787

32. “How to DIVIDE it - Geographically”
On the LEFT side (by the wrist) write:
Land Ordinance – 1785
“How to DIVIDE it - Geographically”
Divide into townships = 6 square miles; 36 lots
Lot 16 = for Public Education
Government sold lots to bring in $$

34. “How to GOVERN it - Politically”
On the RIGHT side (by the wrist) write:
Northwest Ordinance – 1787
“How to GOVERN it - Politically”
60,000 people= could apply for statehood
New states entered on “equal footing” with other states
Guaranteed freedom of religion & trial by jury
Slavery Forbidden
Set pattern for orderly growth of US.

35. Write Shay’s Rebellion in the fist
Write Shay’s Rebellion in the fist. Write underneath: “Revolt by Farmers”
Shay’s Rebellion scared the founding fathers and made us realize This Constitution is too weak!! Time to do something different!
Shay’s Rebellion
Revolt by Farmers

36. Jump Start Get a Vocabulary Practice Activity from the front basket
Get out your Vocabulary List
Write your name on the top
Preview the Vocabulary Practice Activity and be ready to ask any questions you may have at the bell

37. Picto-Words Instructions:
Each group has been assigned four vocabulary terms.
In the upper section of each box, create a drawing or pictoword to illustrate the word in a way that will help you remember it.
Drawings must include the vocabulary term.
Pictowords must contain at least two letters altered in a way that represents the meaning of the word.
In the bottom section of each box, use the vocabulary term in a sentence that demonstrates its meaning.
RIGHT – “My family eats turkey at Thanksgiving.”
WRONG – “One of my vocabulary words is turkey.”

38. Scenario One
You just won The Voice! With your title, you receive $250,000 and a record deal with Capital Records. You spend six months cutting your first album and are so excited for its release. Two weeks before the record drops, every computer company besides Apple comes out with their own version of iTunes. To help keep their customers, iTunes starts a big promotion. Each subscriber gets 50 songs for free! You first single hits the radio and is a smash success, but you are not making any money because of all of the free downloads provided. Your record company sees you as a failure and drops you from the label.
How do you feel?
Who would you blame for your failure?
Would it benefit you as an artist for one group to control online music purchases? Why or why not?

39. Scenario Two
Each summer you and your friends go to Lake Worth for a long weekend to swim, camp, and get away from parents! However, public parks are maintained with money given to the city from individuals or organizations. With the economy being in such a slump, donations keep decreasing and the lakes in Texas becomes more and more polluted and unsanitary. Finally, Texas closes all lakes and parks due to lack of money.
What are some ways Texas can get the money to maintain these fun places?
Think of some other public works that your city or state provides (postal system, garbage collection & landfills, roads and highways, etc.). How would your life change if these things did not exist?

40. Scenario Three
Think of this past summer and how unbelievably hot it was. Imagine that your landlord was in charge of paying the electric bill for the entire apartment complex, and he did so with each family’s individual payment. However, some families refused to pay the landlord.
What would happen to your family if he could not get all of the money to pay the electric bill?
Is this policy fair? Why or why not?

41. Scenario Four
You just turned 16! You can now drive by yourself, and your parents just surprised you with a brand new car of your choice. To celebrate, you pick up your friends and head out to dinner. While you are eating, you see some kids drive off in your car. Apparently, they busted out a window and hot-wired the engine. You report it to the police, but there is nothing they can do. Congress recently passed a law saying the police no longer have the power to enforce the laws. All they can do is suggest people follow them.
How do you feel about this?
How effective would police be if they could not write tickets, arrest people, or carry weapons to help them protect citizens?
What are some other negative situations that could occur from this law?

42.
Stop at 4:30
Shay’s Rebellion – Shmoop 3 min