1. Second Industrial Revolution
Unit 3 Part 1
Second Industrial Revolution

2. Unit 3 Part 1 Agenda Day 1: Technology – Inventions & Innovations
Day 2: Technology – Impact of Inventions & Innovations
Day 3: Changes in Society
Day 4: Quiz and Changes in Business
Day 5: Review & Unit 3 Part 1 Test

3. New Technology of the Second Industrial Revolution
Unit 3 Part 1 Day 1
New Technology of the Second Industrial Revolution
Essential Question: What were the five significant inventions/innovations of the Second Industrial Revolution?

4. Invention or Innovation?
Invention – the process of developing something for the first time, especially new machines, methods, and products
Innovation – the process of putting these new ideas and methods into practice
Example: An inventor may design and build the first refrigerator; an innovator is the first to build a factory that manufactures them.

5. Inventions/Innovations #1: Steel
Henry Bessemer developed Bessemer Process to produce steel
Before steel, iron was the primary metal used in construction
Andrew Carnegie is the first to mass produce steel

6. Inventions/Innovations #2: Electricity
Thomas Edison is credited for his innovation that provided light & power using electricity
Some historians claim he stole the invention, others acknowledge he improved upon the original

7. Inventions/Innovations #3: Telephone
Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone
His mother and wife were both deaf, father and grandfather both taught speech
Bell founded a monopoly called Bell Company, eventually divided into smaller companies

8. Inventions/Innovations #4: Mass-produced Cars
Henry Ford did not invent the automobile, but innovated a way to mass-produce automobiles
Mass-produced automobiles by using the assembly line method

9. Inventions/Innovations #5: Agriculture
George Washington Carver invented hundreds of useful items based on agricultural products
Most famous for discovering dozens of uses for the peanut
Carver knew that most Blacks were poor sharecroppers in the South and wanted to help them make more from what they had

10. What traits did America’s first titans of industry all have in common?

11. Impact of New Technology during the Second Industrial Revolution
Unit 3 Part 1 Day 2
Impact of New Technology during the Second Industrial Revolution
Essential Question: What was the impact of the five significant inventions/innovations of the Second Industrial Revolution?

12. What innovations did the Bessemer process encourage?

13. Inventions/Innovations #1: Steel
Stronger, more flexible, and more resistant to rust than iron
Reduced cost of making steel by more than 80%
Made it possible to produce miles of railroad tracks, build giant steamships, suspension bridges, and skyscrapers

14. Inventions/Innovations #2: Electricity
Provided light and power to machines, homes, factories, streetcars and subway trains
Began controversy over patents: who has the right to control and make money from an invention?

15. Inventions/Innovations #3: Telephone
Made it possible to communicate vocally over long distances using natural speech instead of Morse code
Evolved into cell phones we have today!

16. Inventions/Innovations #4: Mass-produced Cars
Made automobiles affordable & available for many Americans
Provided well-paying industrial jobs
Jobs and cars helped build the middle class

17. What were George Washington Carver’s important agricultural discoveries and inventions?

18. Inventions/Innovations #5: Agriculture
Helped scientists and farmers move away from monoculture
Farmers can restore soil by growing peanuts, soybeans, and sweet potatoes
Introduced crop rotation and improved diets

19. Florida Innovators
Henry Flagler developed east coast railroad lines from Jacksonville to Miami
Henry Plant expanded train lines on the west coast.
By late 1800s, FL railroads were shipping produce nationwide
Encouraged growth of citrus industry