1. GANDHINAGAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Elements of electrical design
“TOPIC”
Armature windings
BRANCH -ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
Prepared by;
( ) Pranjali Pathak
( ) Vaibhavi Pathak
Guided by:
Prof. Jaimini Gohel

2. Elements of an armature windings
A turn – two conductors connected to an end by an end connector

3. Elements of an armature windings
A coil – several turns connected in series

4. Elements of an armature windings
A winding – several coils connected in series

5. Elements of an armature windings
The angle between centers of adjacent poles is 180o (electrical)
180o electrical
= 90o mech N
360o electrical
= 180o mech S S N

6. Elements of an armature windings
The angle between centers of adjacent poles is 180o (electrical)
If coil sides are placed 180o electrical apart,
the coil is said to be full-pitch N a b a b
180oelec S S N

7. Elements of an armature windings
The most common ways of connecting coils for armature windings:
Lap winding
Wave winding
Ends of the coils are connected to the commutator bars
In DC machines most of the coils are full-pitch.

8. Elements of an armature windings
Lap winding
Commutator bar
One coil between adjacent commutator bars
1/p of total coils are connected in series
No. of poles  no. of brushes  no. of parallel paths

9. Elements of an armature windings

10. Elements of an armature windings
Wave winding
p/2 coils in series between adjacent commutator bars
½ of all coils between brushes
Regardless of no. of poles, there are always 2 parallel path
The distance between end coils (commutator pitch) is 2(C1)/p where C is the no. of commutator bars

11. Elements of an armature windings

12. Field winding

13. Rotor and rotor winding

14. Armature winding Lap and Wave winding Lap winding A = P Wave winding
The armature windings are divided into no. of sections equal to the no of poles
Wave winding
A = 2
It is used in low current output and high voltage.
2 brushes

15. Lap Winding
We can conclude, in a lap winding, the number of parallel paths, “a” is always equal to the number of poles, “P” and also to the number of brushes.

16. Wave Winding
In wave windings, the number of parallel paths, ”a” is always two and there may be two or more brush positions.

17. Mush winding
Mush winding is a type of AC armature winding. In mush winding the coil span should be odd. It essentially consists of number of long and short conductors, the number being dependent on the number of slots per pole per phase. Connection is made between a long and short conductor only. The winding proceed till all the conductors are connected.

18. The following diagram shows the developed winding diagram of a 4 pole 24 slots 3 phase alternator 

19. Thank you