1. Is Chocolate Good for Cote d’ Ivoire?
Côte d'Ivoire
Is Chocolate Good for Cote d’ Ivoire?

2. Warm up to argument Which is the best pet? Why?
Write down 3-5 reasons.

3. Cocoa: A brief history
The Latin name for chocolate means “Food of the Gods”.
Cocoa requires lots of rainfall, shelter, and shade.
Cocoa grows in jungle like areas across the earth’s equator.
Originally grew in South America. Was discovered by conquistadors who enjoyed it as drink.
Europeans created cocoa farms in their colonies in Africa and Asia- of which Côte d'Ivoire was one.
Today, Côte d'Ivoire produces 38% of the world’s cocoa- more than any other country.

4. French Colonialism in Côte d'Ivoire
French colonial rule lasted from
The French government imposed an economy that benefitted their needs rather than the needs of the Ivoirians.
French businessmen grew cash crops such as coffee and cocoa for export rather than domestic markets.
Because the French owned the farming businesses, they naturally controlled the cocoa trade.
Côte d'Ivoire became economically dependent upon Europe, since it was Europeans, not Ivoirians controlling their economy.

5. Post-Colonial Côte d'Ivoire
Following independence in 1960, Côte d'Ivoire continued to supply the world with Cocoa believing it could make a good profit selling commodities.
Between , Côte d'Ivoire fought two civil wars which greatly disrupted cocoa production nationally
Production dropped by about 247,000 metric tons
Planting of trees was disrupted by war which caused a gap in productivity.
It takes 3-5 years for new cocoa trees to mature enough to produce pods with cocoa beans.

6. Challenges facing Côte d'Ivoire
Rebuilding their economy following two civil wars raises the question of whether Côte d'Ivoire should continue to nurture its cocoa industry.
“Using the documents, your task is to decide if what worked for Côte d'Ivoire as a colony works now that it is an independent country.”

7. Observe (What do you see. ) Predict (What assumptions can you make
Observe (What do you see?) Predict (What assumptions can you make?) Question (What is ONE question you have?)

8. Find evidence for both sides of the argument:
Is Chocolate Good for the Cote d’Ivoire?

9. Chocolate is Good for Côte d'Ivoire Chocolate Is Bad for Côte d'Ivoire
Evidence: A child’s workday typically begins at six in the morning and ends in the evening. Some of the children use chainsaws to clear the forests. Other children climb the cocoa trees to cut bean pods using a machete. These large, heavy dangerous knives are the standard tools for children on the cocoa farms.
(From Document E: Food Empowerment Project, “Child Labor and Slavery in the Chocolate Industry”)
Chocolate is Good for Côte d'Ivoire
Chocolate Is Bad for Côte d'Ivoire
Production of cocoa in Côte d'Ivoire is a powerful force in creating a mature, productive, and capable citizenry. By working long days, young Ivoirians are reaping the reward of a strong work ethic, of a job completed and well done. Moreover, the young employees have been given the responsibility of working with adult tools like chainsaws, knives, and machetes. This demonstrates their skillfulness in harvesting cocoa pods and in contributing to the recovery and success of their nation following two terrible civil wars. Clearly, empowering children is an important step in stabilizing Côte d'Ivoire.
Label the different colors of text- claim, evidence & reasoning. Now write a claim, evidence & reasoning for the opposite side of the argument.

10. Document F “The Future of Chocolate: Why Cocoa Production is at Risk
Low prices paid to farmers result in low productivity and poverty in farming communities. Farmers use out-dated farming methods and lack resources to invest in fertilisers or in replacing ageing trees past their peak productivity. Cocoa growers are typically illiterate subsistence farmers who grow cocoa alongside staple food crops to provide the main cash income to pay school fees, medical bills and other household necessities. Their communities have poor education and healthcare services and lack electricity and decent sanitation, with water only available from communal wells. Many chocolate companies are waking up to the situation, and to the fact that Fairtrade can be part of a solution, helping to ensure decent incomes for farmers and a long-term supply of quality product to companies. This money is increasingly being used to support producer organisations and farmers in strengthening their business – for example by investing in replacing old cocoa trees to increase productivity, or investments in better facilities for crop collection, storage, transport, or processing.

11. Document G
On your paper make a t- chart label Chocolate is good for Côte d'Ivoire and on the other side that chocolate is bad for Côte d'Ivoire.
As we watch the video clip write down at least two examples for each side of the t- chart.
nomics-watch-the-documentary-in-full/ 1:00 - 8:00
Discuss your examples with your partner.

12. If you were an advisor to the government of Cote d’Ivoire, how might you use the information in these charts to provide a recommendation for change?

13. Document D: “Is Chocolate Driving Monkeys into Extinction
Document D: “Is Chocolate Driving Monkeys into Extinction?” Scientific American
Ten years ago the forests of Ivory Coast were full of the hoots and howls of more than a dozen primate species. No more. Today the west African nation is much quieter. The forests are mostly gone and the monkeys that they once held aren’t far behind. Several species have become critically endangered. One may now be extinct. The cause? Chocolate. Ivory Coast provides more than one third of the world’s cocoa supply—1.7 million metric tons last year— which is enough to create an awful lot of chocolate Easter bunnies. Unfortunately all of that cocoa comes with a cost. A significant portion of the Ivory Coast’s protected forests have been chopped down over the past few years to make room for illegal cocoa farms. A professor [Scott Mcgraw] of anthropology at Ohio State University and his fellow researchers surveyed 23 protected areas. All told, more than 74 percent of the supposedly protected forests the researchers surveyed had been taken over by cocoa farms. All of this deforestation, combined with the hunting that accompanies it, has had a devastating impact on Ivory Coast’s primates. Five of the surveyed protected areas were found to have lost half of their primate species. Another 13, the researchers found, were completely devoid of primates. There is good news, however. McGraw points to a community-based bio-monitoring program set up by O.S.U. The program converts former poachers and farmers into wildlife guardians. In just four years the number of primates in the forests where this program operates has increased 37 percent.

14. Ranking to develop reasoning
Work with one partner with your same color ranking sheet.

15. Required verbal and written use of academic vocabulary.
Remember: The evidence doesn’t speak for itself! Why does this evidence make dogs better pets than cats?
SAC shows that argument is a conversation. Dogs aren’t just good pets; they are better pets than cats.

16. Evidence & Reasoning
Evidence is ALWAYS evidence for something! Reasoning gives us that answer!
Example Statistic: 74% of high school students read at a minimum of an 8th grade level.
American schools are failing! According to a new national study, 26%, or, in other words, 1 in every 4 high school students, cannot read at a 9th grade level. If 1 in 4 people in the country had a disease, we would call it an epidemic of mass proportions!
In a recent study of U.S. students’ reading, the U.S. was given a B average. 74% of high school students reads at or above an 8th grade level, the level necessary to read most newspapers and popular fiction texts. The study factored in the nearly 10% of students who have learning disabilities or are learning a second language to come to the average grade of “B.”

17. What steps do I take to make a claim from a superclaim/argument?
Argument: Dogs are superior pets to cats.
Claim 1: Dogs have cooler abilities than cats.
Claim 2: Dogs show more emotions and have better temperament than cats.
With a partner, sort your cat fact cards into like categories based on our vocabulary.
Make two claims. At least one vocabulary term should help frame your claim. Your claim should be arguable and should take into account that cats are better than dogs.
Each claim should be supported by at least two pieces of evidence.
Reason through your evidence. Explain yourself!

18. Ranking Evidence Make decisions about the best evidence for a claim;
Disregard unimportant evidence;
Organize evidence around different claims;
Discuss and work through reasoning linking each piece of evidence to a claim.

19. Provide claim statements to which students can attach their rankings.
Cote d’Ivoire should not continue to nurture its cocoa industry, which is detrimental to human life and to the environment.
Cote d’Ivoire should modernize its cocoa production because it sustains the national economy and is necessary for farmers’ survival.

20. Provide Evidence to Rank
Always compare the evidence back to the claim.
What is most supportive?
Provide Evidence to Rank
“Because the wars disrupted the planting of new trees, cocoa farmers now face a gap in their ability to produce the bean. It takes three to five years for a new cocoa tree to produce pods with cocoa beans…” (Background essay)
“Two-thirds of Côte d'Ivoire’s population work in agriculture. The average cocoa farmer in Côte d'Ivoire earns 50 cents a day.” (Doc. F Note)
“The children of Western Africa are surrounded by intense poverty, and most begin working at a young age to help support their families. Some children end up on cocoa farms because they need work and traffickers tell them that the job pays well.” (Doc. E)
31% of Côte d'Ivoire’s exports are related to cocoa farming and 7.97% of Côte d'Ivoire’s GDP depends on cocoa exports. (Doc. B)
“All of this deforestation, …has had a devastating impact on Ivory Coast’s primates. Five of the surveyed protected areas were found to have lost half of their primate species. Another 13…were completely devoid of primates (Doc. D)
“A child’s workday typically begins at six in the morning and ends in the evening. Some of the children use chainsaws to clear the forests. Other children climb the cocoa trees to cut been pods using a machete.” (Doc. E)
“A significant portion of the Ivory Coast’s protected forests have been chopped down over the past few years to make room for illegal cocoa farms…All told, more than 74 percent of the supposedly protected forests…have been taken over by cocoa farms.” (Doc. D)
Growers and workers in Côte d'Ivoire only receive 10% of the proceeds from the sale of chocolate, while manufacturers and retailers earn 75% of the proceeds. (Doc. C)
“Holding a single large pod in one hand, each child has to strike the pod with a machete and pry it open with the tip of the blade…The majority of children have scars on their hands, arms, legs or shoulders from the machetes.” (Doc. E)
“Cocoa growers are typically illiterate subsistence farmers who grow cocoa alongside staple food crops to provide the main cash income to pay school fees, medical bills and other household necessities.” (Doc. F)

21. Share your top rated piece of evidence & reasoning.

22. Practice Paraphrasing
Rules for Paraphrasing
With a partner, underline the most important ideas in the piece of evidence.
Jot down some synonyms or replacement words/phrases for these important ideas in the evidence.
Now say the main idea of the evidence in your own words aloud to your partner.
How will you attribute this evidence? Who said it? What phrase will you introduce it with? Or will you just cite the evidence at the end?
Change the beginning and end of your paraphrase so that you do not start or end the same way as the quote from the text.
Check your work, do you have any more than two words that match the original document?
If needed, you can quote the original text if your quote is a) introduced in your own words, b) explained in your own words, c) no more than 8 words long.

23. Practice Reasoning Explain how the evidence supports the claim.
Elaborate upon the evidence with additional knowledge the reader might need.
Explain why this evidence sheds light on the issue.
Link the evidence directly to the claim.

24. Structured academic controversy
Is Chocolate Good for the Cote d’Ivoire?

25. We are just going to do one claim statement today.
Each partner will explain one piece of evidence and reasoning for the claim.

26. 30 sec: Individuals Introduce themselves and shake hands.
90 sec: PRO shares their position (claims, evidence, reasoning).
1 min: CON shares back what they learned and asks clarifying questions as needed.
1 min: Quiet time while CON finishes notes on their handout.
90 sec: CON shares their position (claims, evidence and reasoning).
1 min: PRO shares back what they learned and asks clarifying questions as needed.
1 min: PRO finishes notes on their handout.
5 min: Group of 4 openly discusses the issue and tries to find some common ground or consensus on the issue and prepares to share common ground with the whole class. These points are listed in the note taker.
4 min: Whole Group Reflection: What are points of consensus and what questions does the group have?
10 min: Individual Content Reflection: What did you learn about _________? Each student will write a paragraph on their final personal position on the issue using three pieces of evidence to explain their ideas.
4 min: Individual Process Reflection: Reflect on your participation in the discussion. What did you do well? What do you need to improve upon?