1. Fig. 2-1: Spherical and plane wave fronts

2. Fig. 2-2: Field distributions in plane E&M waves

3. Fig. 2-3: Adding two linearly polarized waves

4. Fig. 2-4: Elliptically polarized light

5. Fig. 2-5: Adding linearly polarized waves

6. Fig. 2-6: Refraction and reflection

7. Fig. 2-9: Single fiber structure7

8. Fig. 2-10: Comparison of fiber structures

9. Fig. 2-11: Skew rays

10. Fig. 2-12: Meridional ray representation

11. Fig. 2-13: Light propagation

12. Fig. 2-14: Low-order-mode fields

13. Fig. 2-23: Mode-field diameter

14. Fig. 2-24: Polarizations of fundamental mode

15. Fig. 2-33: Microcrack model