1. Writing practice
- Referring to sources
May Horverak 2014

2. Example of referencing
The adoption of English as a first or second language has also provided grounds for constructing cultural identities as pointed out by Graddol (2001) By including local forms and mixing English with other local languages, new English varieties develop and various identities are associated with these variants of English. When watching a Bollywood movie, we recognise the Indian accent immediately. When we hear “G’day mate”, we think of Australia. In some countries, like Jamaica and Nigeria, there are English varieties that are so much influenced by local languages that they are defined as pidgins or creoles (NDLA, “English around the World”). These local variants may be difficult for English-speakers to understand. Although people around the world develop their own identity related to their version of English, this identity could be seen as something not genuine, or something imposed on them from the outside. Different varieties of English may also be seen as inferior or not correct. This seems to be changing as students in school are allowed to use whatever accent they have acquired. Teaching students to speak with a British accent is no longer a goal in the Norwegian school as it used to be. So even though the identities developed in relation to English varieties are not genuine, they may be accepted as equal to other cultural identities.
Literature
D. Graddol, "English in the Future," in Analysing English in a Global Context, ed. by A. Burns, Routledge, 2001,
NDLA:
“English Spreading Worldwide”,
“English around the World”,
May Horverak 2014

3. How to present literature
Literature list – different styles, but include these elements
Books/articles
Author (last name, first name)
Ttle of book/article
Place of publishing
Publisher,
Year
Webpages:
Information about what type of page this is (NDLA)
Webadress
Date for downloading
In running text
Last name of author, year and page in brackets (Graddol, 2001, p. 5), it it is clear from the context who the author is, drop this
Webpages: different options,
webadress ( )or like in the example (NDLA, title)
May Horverak 2014

4. exercise - using essay template – based on previous notes
Write a catching title
Write an introduction. Include these elements:
General introduction
Question for discussion /thesis statement
Lead-in sentence
Write some main paragraphs. Include these elements:
Topic sentence – main argument
Development of argument – examplification/evidence – refer to the texts you have worked with
Discussion/counter-arguments – refer to the texs you have worked with
Closing comment
Write a conclusion. Include these elements:
Summary of main points
conclusion
Sources – include a list of sources. All sources should also be given in the text when used.
A digital version of the template could be used.
May Horverak 2014