1. RQM 310 Developing Requirements KPPs and Performance Attributes

2. Lesson Objectives
Demonstrate the proper format of performance attributes and KPPs
Identify mandatory KPPs
Identify the characteristics of a well written KPP
Critique KPPs for clarity, achievability and resourcing
Evaluate examples of requirements creep
Explain the relationships of the KPPs and KSAs to Measures Effectiveness (MOEs), Measures of Performance (MOPs), and Measures of Suitability (MOSs)

3. KPP and KSA Development
Full Rate
Prod Decision
Review
Joint Concepts
Capabilities - Based Assessment
MS C
MS B
FCB
Strategic Guidance
Incremental Development
MS A
Technology
Development
Engineering & Manufacturing Development
Production & Deployment
AoA
Materiel
Solution
Analysis
Technology Opportunities & Resources
ICD
O&S
User Needs
MDD
CDD
CPD

4. DoD Definitions User Sponsor Operating Command Operator
Capability—The ability to achieve a desired effect under specified standards and conditions through combinations of means and ways to perform a set of tasks.

5. DoD’s Definitions of Threshold vs Objective
Threshold—A minimum acceptable operational value below which the utility of the system becomes questionable
Objective— An operationally significant increment above the threshold.
The difference between Threshold and Objective = “Trade Space”

6. Key Performance Parameter (KPP) Definition
Key Performance Parameters (KPP) - Those attributes or characteristics of a system that are considered critical or essential to the development of an effective military capability and those attributes that make a significant contribution to the characteristics of the future joint force as defined in the Capstone Concept for Joint Operations.
CJCSI March 2009
The DoD uses KPPs to list the most important requirements that shall be met in developing a new system:

7. Types of KPPs Each requirement should be: Customer/Operational
Functional
Performance
Design
Derived
Allocated
Each requirement should be:
Achievable
Measurable/Testable
Unambiguous
Complete
Necessary
Prioritized

8. KPP Development Guidelines for Writing Quality KPPs
Questions to ask before a performance attribute is selected as a KPP
If an item does not meet the KPP definition, consider it for inclusion as a Key System Attribute (those issues that do not rise to the level of a Key Performance Parameter)
Key Performance Parameter (KPP) Steps

9. Mandatory KPPs
Force Protection
Survivability
Sustainment KPP
Net-Ready KPP (NR-KPP)
Selectively Applied KPPs
System Training KPP
Energy Efficiency KPP

10. Examples of KPPs Satellite System
The mission is to collect and disseminate other critical air, land, sea, and space environment data to support a broad range of national security users.
Sensing depth
Sea Surface Wind Speed

11. Examples of Operational KPPs
The root mission need of the Medium Armored Vehicle (MAV) was to provide a family of vehicles (FOV) that were air transportable anywhere in the world and support infantry operations.
Source: Equipment Sustainment Requirements for the Transforming Army, RAND, 2009

12. Examples of KPPs Four KPPs resulted from this definition:
Interoperability
Transportability
Carry an Infantry Squad
Destroy a standard infantry bunker
Source: Equipment Sustainment Requirements for the Transforming Army, RAND, 2009
Can you measure compliance in the requirement below?
For example, for the MAV, one has to determine what a standard infantry bunker is, the size of a infantry squad (number of people and soldier “size” limits, if any) and what it carries, and whether the vehicle has to fit in a C-130 without any modification or preparation

13. Examples of Operational KPPs
The Coastal Ship KPPs for the Seaframe are
Sprint Speed
Endurance Range
Mission Package Payload
Draft
Core Ship Crew Size
What is the source of the values for the KPPs?

14. Requirements Creep
Requirements creep refers to significant additions or modifications to the requirements of a new system throughout the lifecycle, resulting in extensions to and alteration of the system’s functionality and scope

15. Examples of Requirements Creep FUTURE COMBAT SYSTEM (FCS)
FCS program requirements changed over the months and years, mainly from lessons learned in combat. While valid perhaps, these changes moved requirements from their initial, approved version.
From a clinical viewpoint, this may be perceived as 'requirements creep', or it could be 'necessary changes to requirements given new TTPs of enemy forces to reflect emerging realities’

16. Requirements Creep
The nature of the acquisition process - over years - will result in changes to the program
Some are new requirements being levied on a program
Some are changes we can refer to as 'requirements creep‘
Route the change requests to the appropriate authority for approval.
Requirements Managers must eliminate or deter requirements creep to the maximum extent possible
DO NOT approve a change to a KPP yourself
DO NOT allow the Program Manager to do so

17. Remedies to Requirements Creep
Regular dialogue between the RM and PM!
Configuration Steering Boards (CSB)
The Acquisition Executive of each DoD Component shall establish and chair a CSB with broad executive membership including senior representatives from the Office of the USD(AT&L) and the Joint Staff.
DoDI , December 8, 2008

18. Measures of Effectiveness and KPPs
Measure of Effectiveness (MOE)
Measure designed to correspond to accomplishment of mission objectives and achievement of desired results. MOEs can be assessed using two subsets; Measures of Performance (MOP) and Measures of Suitability (MOS)
In other words, “What do we want the system to be able to do?”
KPP
KSA
MOS
MOE
MOP

19. Measures of Effectiveness and KPPs - JSF Example
Measures of Performance (MOP)
Combat Radius - 3 Profiles by Service: USMC 450nm; USAF 590nm; USN 600nm
Radio Frequency Signature - (Stealth)
Interoperability – Meet 100% of critical Information exchange requirements: Secure Voice and Data
MOPs are found in KPPs
What operational capability does this system provide?
Mission related KPPs

20. Measures of Effectiveness and KPPs - JSF Example
Measures of Suitability (MOS)
Mission reliability - 95% USMC/USN; 93% USAF
Logistics footprint - <8 equivalent C-17 Loads (20 PAA USMC; 24 PAA USAF) ; <46,000 cu ft, 243ST USN
Sortie generation - 4 Surge/3 Sust USMC; 3/2 USAF and USN
MOSs are found in the KPPs
How reliable is the system?
Sustainment related KPPs

21. Lesson Review
The Requirements Managers represent the warfighters’ interests in the Acquisition process.
The RMs’ major purpose in the JCIDS and Acquisition process is to prevent unnecessary requirement changes (creep) and minimize negative influences (delays, cost increases) on their program.
Failure will result in delay and increased costs and may result in overall failure to complete the acquisition successfully…thereby failing the warfighter.

22. Lesson Review
Requirements Managers and Acquisition Professionals must both remain aware of the requirements to gain approval for every change to any KPP.
They both have a duty to inform the other, as well as their leadership, of changes (required or proposed) and establish a timeline to gain approval for these changes (may include a requirement to send an impact statement to decision making bodies in the chain of command).