1. “What could be more clear or obvious when we look up to the sky and contemplate the heavens, than that there is some divinity or superior intelligence?”
Cicero (107 BCE-44 BCE)

2. DO NOT LOOK DIRECTLY AT THE SUN
IT WILL DAMAGE YOUR EYES
DO NOT TAKE PHOTOS ON YOUR PHONE
IT WILL DAMAGE THE CAMERA and YOUR EYES!

3. Some teleological (design) arguments for the existence of God

5. Sir Isaac Newton ( /7)
“Blind Fate could never make all the Planets move one and the same way in concentric orbs.... Such a wonderful Uniformity in the Planetary System …is associated with the first Creation by the Counsel of an intelligent Agent… it’s unphilosophical to seek for any other Origin of the World, or to pretend that it might arise out of a Chaos by the mere Laws of Nature”.
( Opticks, 1717/1718)

6. Intelligent design or chance?
When Isaac Newton discovered the existence of gravity, religious believers saw it as part of God’s design to keep the regular movement of the heavenly bodies (planets/stars) in the universe.
Newton rejects the idea that the Universe was created through chance and that the order resulted from chaos.
He argues that there must have been an ‘intelligent agent’ which set this order in place.

7. Design qua regularity argument
William Paley ( )
Design qua regularity argument
Paley used evidence from astronomy and Newton’s laws of motion and gravity to prove design in the universe.
He pointed to the rotation in the solar system and how they obey the same laws universal laws and hold their orbits due to gravity.
He believed and argued that this could not come about by chance.
He concluded an external agent must have imposed order on the universe as a whole and on its many parts and this agent is God.
He used evidence from astronomy and Newton’s laws of motion and gravity to prove design in the universe. He pointed to the rotation in the solar system and how they obey the same laws universal laws and hold their orbits due to gravity. He believed and argued that this could not come about by chance.
He concluded and external agent but have imposed order on the universe as a whole and on its many parts and this agent must be God.
C20th Arthur Brown agreed with design argument based on astronomy giving ozone layer as evidence of design.

8. The Ozone layer- evidence of God?
C.20th philosopher Arthur Brown agreed with the design argument based on astronomy giving the ozone layer as evidence of design.

9. Far too unlikely for the world to exist by chance?
The odds of life… would you bet?
Just one factor among many in the cosmos, the difference between expansive and contractive forces in the expanding cosmos according to one theory, depends upon an extremely fine balance of the total energy, the odds of which are:
1060 : 1
John Polkinghorne (a scientist and Church of England minister) :1
This is equivalent to taking aim from Earth and hitting an inch-wide target at the farthest reaches of the observable universe.