1. British and American
society

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UK and USA society
economy
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3. (General agreement on traffic and trade) (International Monetary Fund)
UK and USA society
1. A new economy
Bretton Woods
Agreements (1944)
ONU
GATT (1947)
(General agreement on traffic and trade)
IMF (1945)
(International Monetary Fund)
Old market economy
Mixed economy
Passive State
Welfare State
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4. Golden Age and Bretton Woods’s failure
UK and USA society
Golden Age and Bretton Woods’s failure
2. Golden Age and Bretton Woods’s failure
Economic miracle from 1950 to 1968
Deep political and social changes
Crisis of 1973 and inflation
Cartels like Opec
High public debt and new monetary economy
High prices and low wages
Welfare State
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UK and USA society
3. Crisis of
Globalisation
Commercial banks
Securitisation
Subprimes
Loans for everybody
No capitals
WORLDWIDE CRISIS
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6. 4. Obama’s agenda Correct the mistakes of Bush’s administration.
UK and USA society
4. Obama’s agenda
Correct the mistakes of Bush’s administration.
Set up a new liberalism following Keynes’s theory.
Government stimulus of one trillion of dollars with the American Recovery and Reinvestment Plan.
Time chose Barack Obama as the 2008 Person of the Year
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7. 4. Obama’s agenda Reduction of carbon emissions.
UK and USA society
4. Obama’s agenda
Reduction of carbon emissions.
Improvement of health care.
Reduction of Bush’s deficit.
Stop bloody wars in the Middle East.
Time chose Barack Obama as the 2008 Person of the Year
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UK and USA society
society
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9. UK and USA society
1. The ‘50s
Full employment, good wages, public services, technical improvements
Sudden blossoming of mass prosperity
A 1950s advertisement for Coca-Cola
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UK and USA society
1. The ‘50s
Families  have cars, phones, washing-machines, refrigerators, their own houses.
Education  bigger affluence in universities and college which receive the government financial support.
A 1950s housewife
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11. 2. The ‘50s: social phenomena
UK and USA society
2. The ‘50s: social phenomena
Consumerism
Television as revolution
Change in style with popular series and quiz shows
Another 1950s advertisement for Coca-Cola
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12. Recreational activities
UK and USA society
2. The ‘50s: social phenomena
Hedonism
Recreational activities
Equipments and clubs
A 1950s advertisement for cigarettes
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13. 3. The ‘50s: the young and their tastes
UK and USA society
3. The ‘50s: the young and their tastes
Great interests in music, fashion, drinks and vehicles.
Working-class adolescents spending money on their pleasures.
Poster for Rebel without a cause (1955)
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14. 3. The ‘50s: the young and their tastes
UK and USA society
3. The ‘50s: the young and their tastes
Leisure activities  dancing and listening to rock’n’roll.
Negative mood of the “angry young men”
 moral independence, sexual ethics, public decency
 The Homosexual Act (1957)
Poster for Rebel without a cause (1955)
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15. 4. The ‘60s: London New centre of fashion, replacing Paris.
UK and USA society
4. The ‘60s: London
New centre of fashion, replacing Paris.
Mary Quant, fashion designer credited for inventing the miniskirt and the hot pants
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16. UK and USA society
4. The ‘60s: London
Immigrants from the colonies attracted by the UK’s promise of employment, moved to the inner-city areas  suffer social deprivation, racism, hostility.
Indian students protesting
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17. 5. The ‘60s: the young Sensitive to their age spiritual problems
UK and USA society
5. The ‘60s: the young
Sensitive to their age spiritual problems
 Commitee for nuclear disarmament and pacifist march in Trafalgar Square led by Bertrand Russell (1961).
Mood of irriverence and rebellion
 university occupations and demonstrations.
A student demonstration
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18. UK and USA society
5. The ‘60s: the young
The swinging sixties = quest for self-expression and liberation
 drugs, discos, progressiveness in education, pop music and poetry, one-parent families, the contraceptive pill, abortion and homosexuality legalised.
1968  birth of women’s liberation movement.
The cover of Led Zeppelin III
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19. 6. The ‘70s: decay Economy Society
UK and USA society
6. The ‘70s: decay
Unemployment spread in the heavy industrial areas
Economy
The “Winter of Discontent”
Race riots
Society
Drugs and juvenile violence
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20. 6. The ‘70s: decay Pollution ‘Me’ Decade Factories with waste material
UK and USA society
6. The ‘70s: decay
Factories with waste material
Pollution
Oil tankers, chemical fertilizers, noisy aircraft, traffic
Individualism, selfishness, punk culture, nihilism, political struggle, radicalism (no pacifism), racism
‘Me’ Decade
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21. “The state is the servant not the master of the nation”
UK and USA society
7. The ‘80s: Margaret Thatcher
Elected in 1979
Call on individual enterprise and responsability
Illusion of a new start
“The state is the servant not the master of the nation”
Margaret Thatcher
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22. Thatcher’s and Reagan’s society
UK and USA society
8. The ‘80s:
Thatcher’s and Reagan’s society
Change of moral values
Legislation of privatisation
The young are encouraged
Good careers
Individualistic society
Mortgage repayment caused by inflation and loan rates
Low-paid jobs and unemployment
Phenomenon of the yuppies
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23. Only Connect ... New Directions
UK and USA society
9. The ‘90s
People involved in community action
 A new social awareness = ‘we’ decade.
Disdain for “thatcherism” = greed, coldness, disregard for minorities and the weak.
The Iron Lady
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24. 10. Youth culture Teddy boys Edwardian uniform
UK and USA society
10. Youth culture
Teddy boys
Edwardian uniform
Reputation for violence, delinquency, racism
A 1962 photo shoot of some Teddy Boys
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25. 10. Youth culture The Rockers Battered clothes Outsiders
UK and USA society
10. Youth culture
The Rockers
Battered clothes
Outsiders
Aggressivity towards women and immigrants
Typical rocker outfit, black leather and a white scarf
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UK and USA society
10. Youth culture
The Skinheads
Tattoos and shaved heads
Welcome conflict and aggression
Extreme right political views = racism
No girls
This is England (2006)
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27. 10. Youth culture Punks Nihilistic battle-cry “no future” Nothingness
UK and USA society
10. Youth culture
Punks
Nihilistic battle-cry “no future”
Nothingness
Safety pins, coloured hair
Outcast status
A tourist attraction
A group of English punks
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28. Only Connect ... New Directions
UK and USA society
10. Youth culture
The Hippies
Status and sex minimized
No certainties  drugs
Escape from time and modern life
Natural materials in the dress style
Love, not war
Hippies at a concert
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29. Only Connect ... New Directions
UK and USA society
art & music
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30. Only Connect ... New Directions
UK and USA society
Anglo-American music
from the 1950s to the 1990s
1950s: Rock‘n’roll, Soul.
1960s: Folk revival, Rock music.
1970s: Progressive rock, Punk rock, Fusion, Disco music, Reggae, Funk, Electronic.
1980s: Metal, Electro-pop, New Wave, Hip hop.
1990s: New Age, Grunge, Britpop.
The Beatles
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31. Only Connect ... New Directions
UK and USA society
2. Beatlemania
Phenomenon originated in the U.K. in 1963.
“Beatles” + “mania”.
Linked to the intense level of hysteria demonstrated by fans both at the concerts played by the band and during the band’s arrivals and travels to and from different places.
Policemen’s struggle to restrain young Beatles fans outside Buckingham Palace as The Beatles receive their MBEs (Member of the British Empire) in 1965.
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32. Only Connect ... New Directions
UK and USA society
3. Rock music
Rock as an opportunity of unifying art,music,design,fashion and youth in a single experience
Rock as energy for the motor of social change
Rock as a necessity to take a social position
Rock as an experience of community and togetherness
(Peter Wicke; “Rock music”)
Elvis Presley
The Rolling Stones
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33. Only Connect ... New Directions
UK and USA society
4. Blowin’ in the wind (Bob Dylan)
Quante strade deve percorrere un uomo prima che tu possa chiamarlo uomo? E quanti mari deve navigare una bianca colomba prima di dormire sulla sabbia? E quante volte devono volare le palle di cannone prima di essere proibite per sempre? La risposta, amico mio, soffia nel vento, la risposta soffia nel vento.
How many roads must a man walk down Before you call him a man? Yes, ‘n’ how many seas must a white dove sail Before she sleeps in the sand? Yes, ‘n’ how many times must the cannon balls fly Before they’re forever banned? The answer, my friend, is blowin’ in the wind, The answer is blowin’ in the wind.
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34. Only Connect ... New Directions
UK and USA society
4. Blowin’ in the wind (Bob Dylan)
How many years can a mountain exist Before it’s washed to the sea? Yes, ‘n’ how many years can some people exist Before they’re allowed to be free? Yes, ‘n’ how many times can a man turn his head, Pretending he just doesn’t see? The answer, my friend, is blowin’ in the wind, The answer is blowin’ in the wind.
E quanti anni può esistere una montagna prima di essere erosa dal mare? E quanti anni possono gli uomini esistere prima di essere lasciati liberi? E quante volte può un uomo volgere lo sguardo e fingere di non vedere? La risposta, amico mio, soffia nel vento, la risposta soffia nel vento.
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35. Only Connect ... New Directions
UK and USA society
4. Blowin’ in the wind (Bob Dylan)
How many times must a man look up Before he can see the sky? Yes, ‘n’ how many ears must one man have Before he can hear people cry? Yes, ‘n’ how many deaths will it take till he knows That too many people have died? The answer, my friend, is blowin’ in the wind,
The answer is blowin’ in the wind.
E quante volte deve un uomo guardare in alto prima di poter vedere il cielo? E quanti orecchi deve avere un uomo prima di poter sentire gli altri che piangono? E quante morti ci vorranno prima che lui sappia che troppi sono morti? La risposta, amico mio, soffia nel vento, la risposta soffia nel vento.
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36. 5. British poetry in the second half of the century
UK and USA society
5. British poetry in the second half of the century
Reaction against the poetry of the first half of the century.
A new poetry: the “movement”.
Simple language, contemporary and rational poetry.
Emulation of the American poets.
“Underground” poetry.
The realistic language
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37. 6. American literature after the war
UK and USA society
6. American literature after the war
Poetry
Refusal of traditional forms.
Divided into “beat generation” and “confessional poetry”.
Reflective and denunciatory attitude.
Jack Kerouac’s 1959 album Poetry for the Beat Generation
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38. 6. American literature after the war
UK and USA society
6. American literature after the war
Fiction
Main themes: journey, rebellion, drugs.
Experimentation.
Afro-American identity.
The Catcher in the Rye (1951) by J.D. Salinger
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39. Only Connect ... New Directions
UK and USA society
7. Pop Art
Artistic movement of the late 1950s.
The word “pop” stands for “popular”.
Themes and techniques drawn from the mass culture.
Three important painters: Andy Warhol, Jasper Johnson (considered the precursor of the pop art) and Hamilton.
Richard Hamilton, Just What Is It that Makes Today's Homes So Different, So Appealing?, 1956.
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40. 8. Andy Warhol He became famous in the 1960s.
UK and USA society
8. Andy Warhol
He became famous in the 1960s.
He painted dollar bills, celebrities, brand name products.
His most important works are: Marilyn Monroe, Green Coca-Cola bottles and Big Campbell’s Soup cans.
Andy Warhol, Campbell’s Soup Can, 1962.
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