1. Exploration

2. SSWH 10:
The student will analyze the impact of the age of discover and expansion into the Americas, Africa, and Asia

3. Why Explore the World? Renaissance = spirit of adventure and curiosity
God, Glory, and Gold
Needed new sources of wealth
goods from Asia; cut out Muslim & Italian “middle men”
Spread Christianity

4. SSWH 10, C.
Explain the role of improved technology in European exploration; include the astrolabe

5. Technology Technology made exploration possible
Early sailors never willingly sailed out of sight of land – made trips longer
New inventions made it possible for sailors to lose sight of land and not get lost

6. Astrolabe
Created by Muslims
Used to calculate latitude

7. Compass
Created by the Chinese
Used to track direction

8. Caravel Created by the Portuguese Sail against the wind
Shallow; could get really close to shore
Lots of cargo space
Triangular and square sails; maneuverability & power
Caravel

9. SSWH 10; A
Explain the roles of explorers and conquistadors; include Zheng He, Vasco da Gama, Christopher Columbus, Ferdinand Magellan, James Cook, and Samuel de Champlain

10. Zheng He (jung huh) After Mongol Dynasty; Ming Dynasty
Sailed to ports in Indian Ocean;
Silver & Silk
Hoped to increase tribute payments to China; 16 new
Officials; waste of $$$; cancelled after 7th voyage

12. Prince Henry the Navigator
Portuguese; sailed for Portugal
Portugal lead exploration due to his support
1419; Navigation School
By 1460; Trade posts along West African Shore

14. Bartholomeu Dias Portuguese; sailed for Portugal 1487-1488
Discovered the Cape of Good Hope (southern tip of Africa)
Explored the south east coast of Africa

16. Christopher Columbus Italian; sailed for Spain
1492; Sailed west (instead of east)
Found Caribbean Island/Bahamas
Thought it was East Indies
Lead to European colonization of the Americas

18. Portugal & odds!
Portugal was getting upset about Spain’s success
Rivalry between countries got TENSE
1493; pope steps in
Imaginary dividing line
going north & south
Line of Demarcation
West Spain
East Portugal
Pope, Alexander VI

19. Treaty of Tordesillas; 1494

21. Vasco da Gama Portugues; sailed for Portugal 1498-1499 Reached India!
Gave Portugal a DIRECT SEA ROUTE to India which is in ASIA

22. Vasco da Gama’s Route

23. Amerigo Vespucci Italian; sailing for Portugal 1501
Sailed along eastern coast of South America
“New world”; not Asia
1507; German map maker named the new world America in honor of Amerigo

25. Hernando Cortes Spanish; sailing for Spain Conquered Aztecs in 1521
Weapons
Native groups helped
Disease

27. Ferdinand Magellan Portuguese; sailing for Spain 1519-1522
Claim Philippines for Spain
Killed in route
His crew was the first to circumnavigate the world

29. Francisco Pizzaro Spanish; sailing for Spain 1532
Conquered the Incan Empire in South America
Modern day Peru

31. Samuel de Champlain French; sailing for France 1608
Sailed up St. Lawrence River
Founded Quebec
Base for France’s colonial empire; known as New France

33. James Cook British; sailing for Great Britain 1769 – 1770
Claimed New Zealand & Australia for Great Britain
Australia = penal colony

35. Triangular Trade Transatlantic trade network
Slaves and goods were carried between African, England, Europe, the West Indies & the colonies in the Amreicas

37. What does this diagram suggest about conditions on board?
Middle Passage
What does this diagram suggest about conditions on board?

39. Olaudah Equiano

40. Primary Source
I was soon put down under the decks, and there I received such a salutation [greeting] in my nostrils as I never experienced in my life; so that, with the loathsomeness of the stench, and crying together, I became so sick and low that I was not able to eat But soon, to my grief, tow of the white men offered me eatables; and on my refusing to eat, on of them held me fast by my hands, and laid me across the windlass, while the other flogged me severely.

42. SSWH 10; B
Define the Columbian Exchange and its global economic and cultural impact

43. The Columbian Exchange
The global transfer of foods, plants and animals during the colonization of the Americas

44. Columbian Exchange

45. What was exchanged again?
Europe, Africa & Asia to Americas:
Foods
Grains; wheat, rice, etc.
Citrus, grape banana, sugar cane, honey bee, onion, olive, coffee bean, peach, pear
Livestock
Cattle, sheep, pig, horse
Disease
Small pox, influenza, typhus, measles, malaria, diptheria, whooping cough

46. What was exchanged again?
Americas to Europe, Africa & Asia:
Mainly foods
Squash, sweet potato, peppers, avocado, pineapple, cacao bean, vanilla, pumpkin, tobacco, turkey, peanut, tomato, corn & potato
Corn & Potato
Inexpensive & nutritious
Live longer
Boost population
Good or bad? Potato Famine in Ireland