1. Discovering useful words and expressions
Learning about language
Discovering useful words and expressions
词汇学习

2. Discovering useful words and expressions 1. (P36)
multi=many
meanings
multicultural
including many cultures 多元文化的
multinational
including many nations 多民族的，多国的
multistorey
having many stories / storeys 多层
multicoloured
made of many colours 多种颜色的
multimedia
using many media (TV, CDs) 多媒体
multichannel
having many channels 多种频道

3. Discovering useful words and expressions 1. (P36)
ward(s)=in a direction
meanings
eastward(s)
to the east
forward(s)
ahead, to the front
upward(s)
to higher position/level
outward(s)
out, in a direction away
downward(s)
to lower position/level
backward(s)
to the rear, to the back

4. Discovering useful words and expressions 2. (P36)
baggage
________ bags that people take with them when they travel
2. __________ a government member who is in charge of a government
department
3. ________ a short informal test
4. ________ to talk to someone in a friendly, informal way
5. _______ on or onto a ship, plane, bus or train
6. ________ general appearance of nature around you, especially
beautiful nature
7. ________ in or by a very small amount, so small that it almost cannot
be seen
8. _________ to be all around sb. or sth on every side
minister
quiz
chat
aboard
scenery
slightly
surround

5. Discovering useful words and expressions 3. (P36)
The city of Rome, Italy, completely __________ the smallest country in the world, the Vatican City State. It has an area of 0.44 square kilometres with a ______ ___________ 3.2 kilometres long. Because the Vatican is entirely __________ Rome, it has no ________ for ocean ships. The country is really just one very small city: its _________ area covers 100 percent of the country.
surrounds
border
measuring
within
harbour
urban

6. Using words and expressions 1. (P70)
-ive -y
act
impress
expense
frost
mist
smoke
active
frosty
impressive
misty
expensive
smoky
-(r)ess
-ing
host
actor
waiter
hear
spell
feel
re-
tell
place
build
retell
hostess
hearing
replace
actress
spelling
rebuild
waitress
feeling

7. Using words and expressions 2. (P70)
On my first morning in Toronto, I woke up early. Looking through the_____, I could just see the ______ trees near the hotel entrance. The _____ from the recent cold autumn nights was starting to turn the leaves bright red. After Liu Qian woke up, we went looking for a restaurant _______. We found a small place that had a ______ with all kinds of great breakfast food. We sat in a small ______ to eat, enjoying the amazing _______ of people around us and the different ______ of conversation. We learned a lot about Canada just by watching and listening to the people at breakfast!
mist
maple
frost
nearby
buffet
booth
mixture
topics

8. Using words and expressions 3. (P70)
At dawn, we got our fishing poles and headed out to the lake. Dawn is the best time to catch fish.
It’s not far at all to Atlanta! As far as I can tell, it will take us only about half an hour to drive there.
The two tall trees in the distance made Jack realize that he was going in circles, although he felt like he had come a great distance.
He can’t speak any foreign languages very well, but his business always takes him to France and Spain as well as Germany.
A: Darren may not be the best reporter, but he manages the people under him very well.
B: Yes, I agree! At first I doubted his ability, but in the end he managed to do the job well.

9. Using words and expressions 3. (P71)
6. A: What’s this? I have a gift on my desk! Hmm… it looks like a CD!
B: Let’s look!... You’re right! My, you really have a gift for guessing.
7. A: I’m glad we’ve finally settled our holiday plans!
B: So am I. now I can finally settle down and relax!
8. A: That’s so disappointing! As soon as those birds caught sight of us, they flew away!
B: Well, the zoo has lots of other animals! The monkey mountain caught my eye. Let’s go there!
9. A: Would you rather visit Inner Mongolia or Tibet this summer?
B: Oh, I think I’d like to just stay at home and rest rather than go anywhere!

10. Using words and expressions 4. (P71)
When I was young, going to sleep in the dark terrified me.
According to tradition, the eagle is usually regarded as a symbol of courage.
The traffic is always terrible downtown; it takes me approximately one hour to get home every day.
The city’s broad streets are lined with bushes and maple trees.
Her clothes and behaviour confirmed my guess that she was really quite wealthy.
Standing at the top of the tower, I found myself surrounded by some clouds. However, I could still see the mountains in the distance. The beautiful scenery impressed me a lot.
He has a gift for communication, so he managed to mix with all kinds of people in his job.
As far as I know, there is a bank within a hundred metres of the bus stop.

11. Discovering useful structures
Learning about language
Discovering useful structures
语法学习

12. Discovering useful structures 1 (P37): 找出短文中含有同位语从句的句子。
The thought that they could cross the whole continent was exciting. (L3-4)
Some people have the idea that you can cross Canada in less than five days, but they forget the fact that Canada is 5,500 kilometres from coast to coast. (L8-10)
The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great Lakes. (L26-27)

13. Discovering useful structures 2 (P37): 搭配成完整的句子
The possibility that the weather in winter would be warmer pleased the Canadians.
The idea that there will be an earthquake terrifies many people.
The hope that we could go to France was exciting.
The fact that more and more people settle down in Canada surprises me.
The belief that the world is flat is not scientific.

14. Using structures 1 (P71)
His suggestion that we should take the train from west to east across Canada sounds very exciting.
The idea that they decided to clone the first human being surprised many people at the meeting.
He broke the rule that no one is allowed to smoke on campus.
The Chinese basketball fans went wild with joy when they heard the news that Yao Ming had collected forty points for the Houston Rockets in the game.
Mary left a message with me for you that she won’t be able to see you off this afternoon.

15. Using structures 1 (P72)
There is no doubt that he is the right person for this job.
In the letter he expressed his wish that he would come and visit China again.
The captain gave the order that all the soldiers had to reach the village before dawn.
Not everyone present agrees to his thought that it is impossible to finish the work by the end of this month.

16. 同位语从句小结：
同位语从句先行词？用法/意义？
同位语从句连接词？
同位语从句和定语从句的区别？

17. 一、同位语从句 (the appositive clause) 先行词
回顾刚才的句子，哪些是先行词？哪些是补充说明先行 名词的从句？【同位语从句】
这些先行名词有什么特点？
同位语从句中先行词通常是抽象名词，如 fact, news, question, idea, reply, saying, belief, truth等。

18. 二、同位语从句 (the appositive clause)连接词
1. 从属连词：that等
2. 连接代词：what, who 等。如：
接下来的问题是，你想往盒子里放什么。
Next comes the question what you want to put in the box.
3. 连接副词：how, why等。如：
你的关于黑洞是怎样形成的问题很难回答。
It is difficult to answer your question how black holes came into being.

19. 三、同位语从句 (the appositive clause)与定语从句
判断下列句子是同位语从句还是定语从句(the attributive clause)：
The news that you heard is not true. 你听到的消息不真实。
The news that our team has won is true. 我们队获胜的消息是真的。
The fact that we talked about is very important. 我们所谈论的事实是非常重要的。
The fact that we succeeded pleased everybody. 我们成功了，这一事实让大家很高兴。
【定语从句】
【同位语从句】
【定语从句】
【同位语从句】

20. 三、同位语从句 (the appositive clause)与定语从句的区别
定语从句是从句对其先行词的修 饰或限制, 属于形容词性从句的范 畴; that 在定语从句中担任句子成分， 是关系代词。当that充当定语从句 的宾语时可以省略。
同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词 的进一步的说明和解释, 属于名词 性从句的范畴； that 在同位语从句中不担任句子成 分，是从属连词，通常不能省略。