1. “MISS BRILL” KATHERINE MANSFIELD

2. Eleanor Rigby Ah look at all the lonely people Ah look at all the lonely people Eleanor Rigby, picks up the rice In the church where a wedding has been Lives in a dream Waits at the window, wearing the face That she keeps in a jar by the door Who is it for All the lonely people Where do they all come from? All the lonely people Where do they all belong? Father McKenzie, writing the words Of a sermon that no one will hear No one comes near Look at him working, darning his socks In the night when there's nobody there What does he care All the lonely people Where do they all come from? All the lonely people Where do they all belong? Ah look at all the lonely people Ah look at all the lonely people Eleanor Rigby, died in the church And was buried along with her name Nobody came Father McKenzie, wiping the dirt From his hands as he walks from the grave No one was saved All the lonely people Where do they all come from? All the lonely people Where do they all belong?

3. Paul McCartney wrote most of this song. He got "Rigby" from the name of a store (Rigby and Evens Ltd Wine and Spirit Shippers) and "Eleanor" from actress Eleanor Bron. He liked the name "Eleanor Rigby" because it sounded natural. The song tells the story of two lonely people. First, we meet a churchgoing woman named Eleanor Rigby, who is seen cleaning up rice after a wedding. The second verse introduces the pastor, Father McKenzie, whose sermons "no one will hear." This could indicate that nobody in coming to his church, or that his sermons aren't getting through to the congregation on a spiritual level. In the third verse, Eleanor dies in the church and Father McKenzie buries her. Paul McCartney (from Observer Music Monthly November 2008): "When I was a kid I was very lucky to have a real cool dad, a working-class gent, who always encouraged us to give up our seat on the bus for old people. This led me into going round to pensioners' houses. It sounds a bit goody-goody, so I don't normally tell too many people. There were a couple of old ladies and I used to go round and say, 'Do you need any shopping done?' These lonely old ladies were something I knew about growing up, and that was what 'Eleanor Rigby' was about - the fact that she died and nobody really noticed. I knew this went on.”

4. MANSFIELD’S LIFE IN SHORT: was born in New Zealand in 1888 was a rebel and modernist Her life was around a time span when gender roles for women were changing Enjoyed travelling She died young at the age of 34 of tuberculous New Zealand’s most successful author

5. SUMMARY: ”Miss Brill” is a short story that takes place in France and revolves around a middle- aged lady and her fur. Miss Brill starts off as a peaceful lady who enjoys going to the park each Sunday to watch people. Throughout the short story the reader watches with her as goes through her Sunday routine. At one point it occurs to Miss Brill that all of the actions surrounding her is really part of a play and she is one of the actresses in it. This makes her feel like she is contributing more to society and she is useful and wanted. However, a boy and a girl ruin Miss Brill’s fantasy by laughing at her fur. The story ends with Miss Brill feeling unimportant and something inside her crying. POINT OF VIEW: Third-Person Omniscient. SETTING: Time: 1900s Physical features: Bright Sunday morning, public garden, benches, rotunda, near the sea Geographic location: French public garden

7. Exposition: We learn about the protagonist’s Sunday routine Rising Action: Imagining She is an actress Conflict: Boy and Girl come Climax: Their ‘crush’ Miss Brill Falling Action: returning home with frustration Resolution: puts her fur in the box again with a crying sound

8. BASIC THEMES: Loneliness: ? Uselessness: ? LITERARY DEVICES: Imagery: is the language used by poets, novelists, and other writers to create images in the mind Of the reader. Imagery includes figurative and metaphorical language to improve the reader’s Experience through their senses. “Silence was broken by the peal of piano keys as John began practicing her concerto” “Burnt red” “bright orange” “tiny small” “zig-zagged” “bang of a gun” “peaceful calm” “perfumes” “food and drinks” body odors” “sweetness” “bitterness” “tartness” “salsas” “curries” “temperature” “texture” “touch” “movement: kicking a soccer ball”

9. Imagery is shown in “Miss Brill” when Mansfield describes “The blue sky powdered with the gold And great spots of light like white wine splashed over the Jardins Publiques” Imagery is also used when Miss Brill is describing the Jardins Publiques “to and fro, in front of the Flower beds and the band rotunda, the couples and groups paraded, stopped to talk, to greet, to buy A handful of flower from the older beggar who had his tray fixed to the railings”. Simile: an example of a simile is shown when the author compares cold air that was “like the chill from a glass of iced water before you sip” Personification: is used when the author gives human qualities to the fur and ermine toque. One other striking personification can be observed at the end of the story when Miss Brill puts her fur away “But when she put the lid on she thought she heard something crying.” Onomatopoeia: the imitation of a sound. The formation of a word from a sound associated with what is named. In Mansfield’s story, this kind of literary device can be observed when Miss Brill is watching the band and she is describing the sound of the music. “Tum-tum-tum, Tiddle-um! Tiddle-um! Tiddley-um um ta!”

10. IRONY: is a figure of speech in which words are used in such a way that their intended meaning is different from the actual meaning of the words. “Oh great! You have broken my new camera.” (verbal) The doctor is as kind hearted as a wolf (verbal) VerbalSituationalDramatic Occurs when a speaker speaks something contradictory to what he/she intends to say. “soft as concrete” It occurs when controversy appears between expectations of something to happen, and what actually happens instead. Thus in the story, something completely different happens from what audience may be expecting. Authors use this type as a useful plot device for creating situations in which the readers/audience know more about the situations, the causes of conflicts, and their resolutions before the leading characters or actors.

11. In Miss Brill we are aware She is the “fur” that she carries around but she does not see that in herself. Miss Brill makes fun of other characters in the story that are old but she does not see that she is describing herself and she is one of those people. SYMBOLISM An object to stand for a larger idea than itself. Mansfield uses these symbols to explore the conflict of the title character. SYNECDOCHE A literary technique of reducing the whole to one part or one to whole. For example, the word “bread” can be used to represent food in general or money.

12. Risk! Risk anything! Care no more for the opinions of others, for those voices. Do the hardest thing on earth for you. Act for yourself. Face the truth.