1. Chapter 12
Eye
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2. Chapter 12
Lesson 12.1
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12-2

3. Objectives Identify organs and structures of the eye.
Define and spell the word parts related to the eye.
Define, pronounce and spell disease and disorder terms related to the eye.
Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

4. Function of the Eye
organs of vision located in a bony protective cavity of the skull called the orbit. Only a small portion of the eye is visible from the exterior.
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5. Anatomy of the Eye
Refer to a 3-D model of the eye in this and the next several slides, as you discuss its various anatomical parts.
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6. Visible Surface of the Eye
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7. Eye sclera: outer protective layer of the eye (white of eye)
cornea: transparent anterior part of the sclera
choroid: middle layer of the eye
iris: the pigmented muscular structure that allows light to pass through
pupil: opening in the center of the iris
lens: lies directly behind the pupil; focuses and bends light
Discuss these structures and their functions.
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8. Eye (cont’d.)
retina: innermost layer of the eye, which contains the vision receptors
aqueous humor: watery liquid found in the anterior cavity of the eye
vitreous humor: jellylike liquid found behind the lens in the posterior cavity of the eye that maintains its shape
meibomian glands: oil glands found in the upper and lower edges of the eyelids that help lubricate the eye
Discuss these structures and their functions.
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9. Eye (cont’d.) lacrimal glands and ducts: produce and drain tears
optic nerve: carries visual impulses from the retina to the brain
conjunctiva: mucous membrane lining the eyelids and covering the anterior portion of the sclera
Discuss these structures and their functions.
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10. Combining Forms of the Eye
blephar/o
conjunctiv/o
cor/o, core/o, pupill/o
corne/o, kerat/o
dacry/o, lacrim/o
Discuss how to build medical terms related to the eye from these combining forms.
Discuss how combining forms cor/o and corne/o are similar but have different meanings.
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11. Combining Forms of the Eye (cont’d.)
irid/o, ir/o
ocul/o, ophthalm/o
opt/o
retin/o
scler/o
Discuss how to build medical terms related to the eye from these combining forms.
Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

12. Combining Forms Commonly Used with the Eye
cry/o
dipl/o
phot/o
ton/o
Discuss how to build medical terms related to the eye from these combining forms.
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13. Prefixes and Suffixes Prefixes Suffixes bi-, bin- -opia -phobia
-plegia
Give examples of how these prefixes and suffixes are used to build medical terms related to the eye.
Prefixes
bi-, bin- = two
Suffixes
-opia = vision (condition)
-phobia = abnormal fear of or aversion to specific things
-plegia = paralysis
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14. Spelling “ophthalm” Look closely at the spelling of “ophthalm.”
Medical terms containing “ophthalm” are often misspelled by omitting the first “h.” “ph” gives the “f” sound followed by the “th” sound of “thal.”
Think pronunciation when spelling terms that contain “ophtalm” as in “ofph-thal-MOL-o-ge”
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15. Clicker Question Which is correct? opthalm/o ophthalm/o ophtham/o
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16. Disease and Disorder Terms Built from Word Parts
blepharitis
blepharoptosis
conjunctivitis
dacryocystitis
diplopia
endophthalmitis
iridoplegia
iritis
keratitis
keratomalacia
Explain how to break up the term into word parts and define the word parts.
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17. Disease and Disorder Terms Built from Word Parts (con’t)
leukocoria
oculomycosis
ophthalmalgia
ophthalmoplegia
photophobia
retinoblastoma
retinopathy
sclerokeratitis
scleromalacia
kerophthalmia
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18. Clicker Question The correct labeling is blefaritis blepharitis
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19. This slide shows a child with blepharoptosis
This slide shows a child with blepharoptosis. What is the most visible symptom?
blepharoptosis
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20. This slide shows a child with dacryocystitis, an inflammation of the tear sac.
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21. Disease and Disorder Terms Not Built from Word Parts
amblyopia
astigmatism (Ast)
cataract
chalazion
detached retina
emmetropia (Em)
glaucoma
hyperopia
macular degeneration
myopia
nyctalopia
nystagmus
pinguecula
presbyopia
pterygium
retinitis pigmentosa
strabismus
sty, stye (hordeolum)
Explain how to analyze terms that are not built from word parts.
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22. Detached Retina Discuss the causes of a detached retina.
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23. Chapter 12
Lesson 12.2
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24. Objectives
Define, pronounce and spell surgical terms related to the eye.
Define, pronounce and spell diagnostic terms related to the eye.
Define, pronounce and spell complementary terms related to the eye.
Interpret the meaning of abbreviations related to the eye.
Interpret, read and comprehend medical language in simulated medical statements and documents.
Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

25. Surgical Terms Built from Word Parts
blepharoplasty
cryoretinopexy
dacryocystorhinostomy
dacryocystotomy
iridectomy
iridotomy
keratoplasty
sclerotomy
Explain how these terms are built and their relation to eye treatments.
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26. Surgical Terms Not Built from Word Parts
enucleation
LASIK
phacoemulsification
PRK
retinal photocoagulation
scleral buckling
trabeculectomy
vitrectomy
Explain how these terms are built and their relation to eye treatments.
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27. Diagnostic Terms Built from Word Parts
Diagnostic imaging
fluorescein angiography
Ophthalmic evaluation
keratometer
ophthalmoscope
ophthalmoscopy
optometry
pupillometer
pupilloscope
retinoscopy
tonometer
tonometry
Explain how these terms are built and their relation to eye anatomy or treatment.
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28. PRK and LASIK
Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) is a procedure for the treatment of nearsightedness in which an Excimer laser is used to reshape (flatten) the cornea.
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29. Clicker Question Which of the following would be performed
during an eye examination in the
ophthalmologist’s office?
enucleation
tonometer
retinoscopy
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30. Complementary Terms Built from Word Parts
binocular
corneal
intraocular
lacrimal
nasolacrimal
ophthalmic
ophthalmologist
ophthalmology
ophthalmopathy
optic
pupillary
retinal
Explain how these terms are built and their relation to eye anatomy or treatment.
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31. Complementary Terms Not Built from Word Parts
miotic
mydriatic
optician
optometrist
visual acuity (VA)
Explain how these terms are built and their relation to eye anatomy or treatment.
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32. Abbreviations ARMD Ast EM OPHTH VA
Describe the terms to which these abbreviations apply.
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33. Read Medical Terms in Use
An elderly gentleman visited his ophthalmologist
because of decreased vision. A tonometry examination
showed borderline readings. Visual acuity measurement
indicated a mild degree of myopia and presbyopia. A
diagnosis of glaucoma was suspected in this case and
Timoptic eye drops were prescribed, one drop daily.
A cataract of the right eye was found. Lens implant
surgery will be performed when the cataract matures
sufficiently. Approximately 5 years ago the patient had a
detached retina of the left eye. A scleral buckling
procedure was performed and was successful in halting
the process of retinal detachment.
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