1. As a group: Identify this subspecies of deer.

2. Kaibab Deer

4. Populations

5. Population
A group of individuals of the same species within a given area.

6. Population Growth
Populations grow when the birth rate is greater than the death rate within the group. Populations experience exponential growth, see graph below, until factors within an environment start to limit their ability to grow.

7. Limiting Factors

8. Limiting Factors
Are abiotic and biotic factors within an ecosystem that can limit the size of a population. Examples include:
Availability of food
Water
Shelter
Space
Competition for resources
Predation
Disease

9. Carrying Capacity

10. Carrying Capacity
The number of organisms that an ecosystem can support based on its natural resources is known as its carrying capacity.
As population growth reaches the ecosystem's carrying capacity, the population's growth rate begins to decrease.

11. Carrying Capacity
When population growth reaches the carrying capacity, birth rates and death rates are close to equal. Because of these limiting factors in the environment, populations cannot to continue to grow indefinitely.

12. Lets take a closer look into the Kaibab Deer

13. Ecological Overshoot
Overshoot occurs when a population temporarily exceeds the long term carrying capacity of its environment. The consequence of overshoot is called a collapse, a crash or a die-off in which there is a decline in population.

15. So…How did they get the numbers for the Kaibab deer?

16. Types of Observations
Direct Observation - counting all individuals in an area
Indirect Observation - counting the “signs” of an individual