1. The Muslim Empires
Chapter 18

2. 1. What did you learn new about your person in completing your project?
2. What problems did you encounter?
3. Did you enjoy this project or no?
4. Tell me how you think your project went and what grade you should make?

3. Answer Examining the Issues questions on pg 506
Bellringer
Answer Examining the Issues questions on pg 506

4. The Ottoman Empire Section:1
Chapter 18

5. Rise of the Ottoman Turks
Anatolian Turks-ghazis (warriors for Islam)
Osman-followers Ottomans
Used gunpowder
Okrhan I-declares himself sultan
Captured Adrianople
Rise of the Ottoman Turks

6. Timur the Lame halted expansion with the defeat at Ankara 1402
Mehmed II launched attack on Constantinople to gain control of Bosporus Strait
Mehmed took the city after a 7 week battle and opened it to new citizens
Dramatic Expansion

7. Dramatic Expansion Selim the Grim 1514-defeated the Safavids
Captured Mecca and Medina (Muslim Holy cities)
Took Cairo- intellectual center
Dramatic Expansion

11. Empire reaches its limits
Came to dominate eastern Mediterranean
Conquered people of North African ports
Advanced into Hungary and Austria
Empire reaches its limits

13. Expansion of the Empire
used local leaders and appointed them as pashas to collect taxes, maintain the law, and report directly to the sultan’s
Expansion of the Empire

14. Created a law code to handle criminal and civil action
Simplified taxation
Suleyman the Lawgiver
Highly structured

15. Rise of the Ottoman Turks
20,000 personal slaves made up palace bureaucracy
Under the devshirme system,
Captured/recruited from the local Christian population, converted to Islam, and trained as foot soldiers to protect and serve the sultan.
Elite-janissaries (personal guard)
Rise of the Ottoman Turks

17. Granted freedom of religion to other communities
Treated as millets or nations
Allowed to practice own religions and laws

18. Cultural Achievements
Suleyman was Renaissance man
Employed Sinan, created Mosque of Suleyman
Four schools, library, bath, hospital
Art, painting, literature, poets flourished
Cultural Achievements

20. 1. By what means did the early Ottomans expand their empire?
2.Why was Suleyman called the lawgiver?
3.How powerful was the Ottoman Empire compared to other empires of the time?
Get your vocab out to check
Bell Work October 1

21. Cultural Blending: The Safavid Empire
Section 2

22. A Shi’ite Muslim dynasty that ruled Persia between 16th and 18th centuries
Blended Persians, Ottomans, and Arabs
The Safavid Empire

23. Racial or ethnic blending
Cultural Blending
Language
Religion
Styles of government
Racial or ethnic blending
Arts and Architecture

24. Isma’il Seized what is modern day Iran
Established Shi’a Islam as the state religion
Any citizen who did not convert was killed
Was defeated by Selim
Set border between empires: now Iraq/Iran
Son Tahmasp adopted artillery

25. Created Persian army and Christian army (like Janissaries)
Shah Abbas
Created Persian army and Christian army (like Janissaries)
Promoted competent officials
Industry grew bc he was tolerant of other religions

26. Shah Abbas Built new capital Esfahan
Showplace for local and foreign artist
Brought Chinese artisans to work with Safavid artist
Blend of ideas
Result: demand for Persian carpets with reflection of culturally blended ideas
Became national industry

27. Safi-incompetent grandson took throne
Decline
Killed able sons
Safi-incompetent grandson took throne
Nadir Shah took over, but cruel
With his death, 1747, empire fell

28. The Grandeur of the Moguls/ Muhgals
Section 3

29. The Mogul Dynasty The founder of the Mogul Dynasty is Barbur.
Brilliant general
captured Delhi and established his power in the plains of North India.
The Mogul Dynasty

30. Barbur’s grandson Akbar came to the throne when he was 11 years old.
Akbar equipped his armies with heavy artillery
Appointed rajputs (leaders of local kingdoms as officers)
The Reign of Akbar

31. A Liberal Ruler Believed in religious freedom
Married two Hindus, Christian, and Muslim
Abolished taxes on Hindu and Jizya (tax on non-muslim)
Income tax
Gave land to bureaucrats but took it back after they died
A Liberal Ruler

32. Cultural Blending Hindi-mix of Persian and local
Urdu-blend of several languages from soldiers
Art flourished
Masters of miniatures brought to court- Akbarnamah (book of Akbar)
Tulsi Das-Indian Poem Ramayana
Cultural Blending

34. Successors Jahangir-wife Persian princess Nur Jahan
Nur Jahan ruled, saw son Khusrau as her ticket to power
Sikhs defended Jahangir’s son who had rebelled against him
Sikhs leader, Guru Arjun, protected Khusrau but was killed
Shah Jahan-successor-built the Taj Mahal in honor of his wife Mumtaz Mahal, died having 14th child
Successors

35. Shah Jahan’s four sons scrambled for throne when he became ill
Aurangzeb-executed older brother and jailed his father
Oppressed Hindus and taxed them to pay for empire
Hindu rajputs and Hindu militants called Marathas rebelled
By end of his reign, all resources gone and power will eventually fall into the hands of Europeans
Decline of an Empire

36. bellringer What is this monument? Where is it located?
Why do you think so many people visit it each year?
bellringer