1. University of Malaga, Spain
PROFILE OF RESIDENTS: ATTITUDE TOWARDS TOURISM IN BENALMADENA (COSTA DEL SOL, SPAIN)
Fernando Almeida-García
Rafael Cortés-Macías
Mª Angeles Peláez-Fernández
Antonia Balbuena-Vázquez
University of Malaga, Spain

2. INTRODUCTION
Attitude of residents: important for the management and planning of destinations
Destinations have many changes along the time
Attitudes of residents related to impacts: economic, socio-cultural and environmental
Attitude of residents: tool to assess and propose strategies for destination

3. OBJECTIVES
Analyse the role of residents regarding the perception of tourism
Explore relationship resident and perception of tourism impacts
Identify residents profiles

4. LOCALIZATION

5. Tourism house on the hills Beachfront
View from the mountain

6. METHODOLOGY Questionnaire Descriptive analysis 1) Pearce Correlation,
770 valid responses
A 39-item self-report questionnaire
Population was stratified
Five-point Likert-type scale
Economic
Social
Environmental
Questionnaire
Descriptive analysis
1) Pearce Correlation,
2) ANOVA test (SPSS),
3) Regression analysis (SPSS),
4) Moderation analysis (PROCESS)

7. SOME QUESTIONNAIRE ITEMS – MEASURED IMPACTS

8. RESULTS Correlations between characteristics of residents,
and tourist impact variables
Environmental Impact
Socio-cultural Impact
Economic Impact
Total Attitude
Age
.13**
.04
-.08*
Gender
-.01
Civil status
.10**
-.06
.06†
Having children
.07†
-.03
.08*
Level of studies
.18**
.16**
.14**
Type of work
.00
-.06†
Social participation
.01
-.02
-.11**
Native condition
-.14**
-.17**
-.10**
-.18**
Years of residence
-.19**
-.16**
Note: † p < .10; * p < .05; ** p < .01

9. Wage cuts, part-time jobs, labor instability
RESULTS
ANOVA tests
Attitude improves progressively
with age. (+ 65 ) the best attitude,
(-20) the worst attitude
Environmental
Impact
Age
(-20 years) the best attitude,
(45-64 years) the worst attitude.
Crisis plays significant role
Economic
Impact
Wage cuts, part-time jobs, labor instability
Having Children
Residents with kids showed positive
attitude towards tourism on the environment
(parks)

10. RESULTS Anova test Type of work Native condition Tourism direct jobs
The best perception
Type of work
Tourism
indirect jobs
The worst perception
The worst perception
about tourism
Natives
Native condition
The best perception
about tourism
Foreigners

11. Natives residents living + 10 years Foreigners living – 5 years
RESULTS
Anova test
Living + 10 years
The worst perception
about tourism
Years of residence
The best perception
about tourism
Living – 5 years
Native condition +
Years of residence
Natives residents living + 10 years
The worst perception
about tourism
The best perception
about tourism
Foreigners living – 5 years

12. HIERARCHICAL REGRESSION ANALYSES showing amount of variance in attitudes towards tourism accounted for by residents´ characteristics. B
SEB β R2 FΔ
ΔR2
Environmental Impact
1. Age
Gender
2. Civil status
Having children
Level of studies
Type of work
Social participation
Native condition
3. Years residence
4. Native condit X Years res
.07*
.04
-.06
.14*
.05
-.01
-.03
-.10**
-.09**
.07**
.03
.07
.02
.10
-.04
.06
-.09
-.14
.11
6.26**
3.78**
11.15**
7.65**
.01
Socio-cultural Impact
1. Age
2. Civil status
3. Years residence
4. Native condit X Years_res
.00
.06*
-.02
-.08**
-.05**
.04†
.09
-.11
-.12
.60
5.48**
7.74**
3.01†
Note: † p < .10; * p < .05; ** p < .01

13. HIERARCHICAL REGRESSION ANALYSES showing amount of variance in attitudes towards tourism accounted for by residents´ characteristics (continuation) B
SEB β R2 FΔ
ΔR2
Economic Impact
1. Age
Gender
2. Civil status
Having children
Level of studies
Type of work
Social participation
Native condition
3. Years residence
4. Native condit X Years res
-.02
.00
.06
.08**
-.05*
-.07*
-.00
.03†
.02
.03
.04
.05
.01
-.05
.07
.14
-.04
-.08
-.11
2.58†
5.07**
3.73†
Total Attitude
.07**
-.03
-.08**
-.05**
.04*
.08
.13
-.12
-.13
.09
.79
7.62**
8.91**
4.97*
Note: † p < .10; * p < .05; ** p < .01

14. Interaction of Place of birth and Years of residence
in predicting Environmental Impact.
Benalmádena
Rest of Spain
Foreign country
Note: ** p < .001

15. Interaction of Place of birth and Years of residence
in predicting Sociocultural Impact
Benalmádena
Rest of Spain
Foreign country
Note: * p < .05

16. Interaction of Place of birth and Years of residence
in predicting Total Attitude
Benalmádena
Rest of Spain
Foreign country
Note: * p < .05; ** p < .001

17. CONCLUSIONS
1. Natives and who have been living years are the residents perceiving more adversely tourism impact
Burning out + rotation
Link destination level of development and perception of tourism impact (support / critique for development)

18. CONCLUSIONS
2. Attitudes towards tourism improve with educational level
Programs help to involve residents in decision/ planning
Education have positive attitudes toward tourism
Resident opinion and destination changes along the time (monitoring)

19. Profiles of residents Profile A: Profile B: Profile C: Non-native
Married with children
High level of education
Living in Benalmádena for less than five years
Positive attitude towards environmental impact of tourism
Profile A:
Non-native
Single and childless couples
High cultural and economic level
Living in Benalmádena for less than five years.
Positive attitude towards economic and socio-cultural impact caused by tourism
Profile B:
Natives and residents living in Benalmádena for more than ten years
Negative attitude towards tourism
Profile C:

20. University of Málaga, Spain
PROFILE OF RESIDENTS: ATTITUDE TOWARDS TOURISM IN BENALMÁDENA (COSTA DEL SOL, SPAIN)
THANK YOU
University of Málaga, Spain