1. This document contains material gathered from Mark Hubley’s, PhD Human Anatomy and Physiology class at Prince Georges’ Community College

2. Explain the commonality of these two videos?
Brain Pop
Explain the commonality of these two videos?

3. Integumentary System
Skin
Sweat & Oil glands (Exocrine)
Hair
Nails

4. General Functions of the Integumentary System
Protective covering
Body temperature regulator (environmental)
Excretes wastes
Looking good

5. Basic Skin Structure The skin has 2 main layers:
The superficial, avascular epidermis consisting of
4-5 layers
2. The deep, vascular dermis Contains multiple blood vessels.

6. The Epidermis Top Layer Avascular – no blood vessels
Epidermal cell type:
Melanocytes (produces pigment)
Yellow arrow indicates the epidermis of thick skin

7. Dermis
Second layer
Heavily invested with blood vessels – they constrict (firm up) in cold weather and dilate (open up)in warm weather.
Also contains multiple sensory receptors.

8. Identify the epidermis and the dermis
Identify the epidermis and the dermis! Which is made of connective tissue? What type?

9. Skin Color Melanin Melanin is made in the skin. Melanin:
Ranges in color from yellow to reddish brown to black.
All people have the same # of melanocytes, individual variations in skin color are due to how much and what type of melanin is made.
Freckles and moles are local accumulations of melanin.

10. Appendages of the Skin
Sweat & Oil glands
Hair
Nails 1 4 2

11. Sweat Glands
Distributed over the entire body except the nipples and portions of the external genitalia.

12. Parts of the Skin

13. Ceruminous Glands
Secrete a sticky waxy substance called cerumen (earwax).
Earwax is a combination of sebum and dead skin cells that form a bitter compound that offers a barrier to the entry of the ear.

14. Hair and Hair Follicles
Keratin is found in the epidermis.
It is tougher and its cells do not individually flake off.
The hair is made by the living hair follicle
(YES it is ALIVE).

15. Notice the hair shaft, hair follicle, papilla, and the multiple sebaceous glands.

16. Clinical/Pathological Disorders Skin Cancer
Consists of uncontrolled growth of cells of the upper stratum cells.
Often occurs on sun-exposed areas of face and neck

17. Acne
When excess oil and dead skin cells combine to plug the pore of a hair follicle
Behind the plugged pore, bacteria grow and multiply, triggering redness and swelling.

18. Ehlers–Danlos Syndrome EDS
Caused by a defect in the synthesis of connective tissue in the Dermis.

19. Name that System
What movie clip illustrated the an example of the Integumentary System (Skin)? Indicate why?