1. PARASITOLOGY

2. General characteristics
The Protozoa are the simplest and most primitive animals.
They live either singly or in colonies. Some are parasitic.
They are usually defined as "unicellular" animals.

3. Amoeba Habitat: freshwater ponds. Means of locomotion: pseudopodia.
Reproduction mechanism: asexually by binary fission, and under unfavourable conditions it encysts.
Shape and characteristics: quite irregular in shape; the body changes its shape constantly with the formation and withdrawal of the pseudopodia.
Kingdom :Protista
Phylum: Sarcomastigophora
Subphylum: Sarcodina
Genus : Amoeba
Species :Amoeba

4. nucleus
Contractile vacuole
Food vacuoles
Ectoplasm
Endoplasm
pseudopodia

5. Entamoeba histolytica
Kingdom :Protista
Phylum: Sarcomastigophora
Subphylum: Sarcodina
Genus: Entamoeba
Species: Entamoeba histolytica
It causes amoebic dysentery.
Life cycle:
The trophozoite: feeding-dividing form) It has one pseudopodia).
Cyst: have 4 nuclei (infective stages(
Infective stage: Cyst.
Mode of infection: contamination of food and water with cyst.
Characteristic features: Cyst have 4 nuclei. Trophozoite have RBCs in their vacuoles.

6. Endamoeba coli: does not cause any known disease
Entamoeba coli
Kingdom :Protista
Phylum: Sarcomastigophora
Subphylum: Sarcodina
Genus: Entamoeba
Species: Entamoeba coli
Endamoeba coli: does not cause any known disease
Habitat: large intestine of human .
Characteristics: mature cysts have 8 nuclei

7. Euglena Habitat: ponds and stagnant water.
Kingdom :Protista
Phylum : Sarcomastigophora
Subphylum : Mastigophora
Class : Phytomastigophora
Genus : Euglena
Habitat: ponds and stagnant water.
Characteristics: Green in colour (have chloroplasts)
Means of locomotion: flagellum
Reproduction: asexually by longitudinal binary fission and is able to form a cyst.

8. Flagellum
Eyespot
Nucleus
Chloroplast
Second flagellum

9. Trypanosoma Intermediate host: insect or leech
Habitat in intermediate host: alimentary canal
Definite host: human.
Habitat in definite host: blood of man
Causes the disease: sleeping sickness.
Means of locomotion: flagellum.
Feeding habits: absorbing the nutrient subs­tances from the host.
Reproduction: reproduce asexually by longitudinal binary fission.
Major characteristics: long slender, undulating a whip-like flagellum.
Kingdom : Protista
Phylum: Sarcomastigophora
Subphylum: Mastigophora
Class: Zoomastigophora
Genus: Trypanosoma
Species: gambiense

11. Means of locomotion: cilia
Paramecium
Kingdom : Protista
Phylum: Ciliophora
Genus: Paramecium
Means of locomotion: cilia
Habitat: freshwater ponds where decaying organic matter is abundant, feeding on it and on bacteria and other micro -organisms.
Reproduction: asexually by transverse binary fission, and sexually by conjugation .

12. Characteristics:
the numerous cilia covering the whole surface of the body. They have two contractile vacuoles and two nuclei: a large oval macro­nucleus (for vegetative functions), and a small micronucleus (for reproduction).

13. Causes the disease: malaria fever to man.
Plasmodium malariae
Kingdom: Protista
Phylum: Apicomplexa
Class: Sporozoa
Genus: plasmodium
Species: Plasmodium malaria
Trophozoite:
Habitat: live intracellu­larly in the blood corpuscles of its vertebrate host.
Causes the disease: malaria fever to man.
Vector: a mosquito belonging to the genus Anopheles.

14. Life cycle
Asexual stage
Sexual stage
human
mosquito

16. feeding and growing stages in red cells 4. Formation of Merozoites
2. Trophozoite stage
feeding and growing stages in red cells
5. Release of merozoites
1. Ring stage
Immature trophozoite
6. Macrogametocyte
sexual blood stages
6. Microgametocyte
4. Formation of Merozoites
3. Schizont

17. Under The microscope

18. 2 3 1
الأميبا (Amoeba)
1- نواة Nucleus
2- أرجل كاذبة Pseudopodia
3- فجوة غذائية Food vacuole

19. حوصلة انتاميبا كولاي Entamoeba coli1 2 3
حوصلة انتاميبا كولاي Entamoeba coli
1- جدار الحويصلة Cyst Wall
2- (4-8) أنوية Nuclei
3- سيتوبلازم Cytoplasm

20. حوصلة انتاميبا هستوليتكا Entamoeba histolytica 1 2 3
حوصلة انتاميبا هستوليتكا Entamoeba histolytica
1- جدار الحويصلة Cyst Wall
2- (1-4) أنوية Nuclei
3- سيتوبلازم Cytoplasm
اعداد الأستاذة/ أفراح الخريجي

21. 1 3 2
اليوجلينا (Euglena)
1- السوط Flagellum
2- فجوة متقبضة Contractile vacuole
3- نواة Nucleus

22. التريبانوسوما (Trypanosoma)1 2 3 4
التريبانوسوما (Trypanosoma)
1- كريات دم حمراء Red blood cell
2- السوط Flagellum
3- غشاء متموج Undulating membrane
4- نواة Nucleus

23. البراميسيوم (Paramecium)1 4 2 3 4
البراميسيوم (Paramecium)
1- أهداب Cilia
2- نواة كبيرة macronucleus
3- نواة صغيرة micronucleus
4- فجوة متقبضة Contractile vacuole

24. البلازموديوم Plasmodium1 2
البلازموديوم Plasmodium
1- الطور الحلقي Ring Stage
2- كريات دم حمراء Red blood cell

25. البلازموديوم Plasmodium1 2
البلازموديوم Plasmodium
1- الطور الأميبي Amoeboid stage
2- كريات دم حمراء Red blood cell

26. البلازموديوم Plasmodium1 2
البلازموديوم Plasmodium
1- الشيزونت( تكوين الميروزيتات ) Schizonte(formation of merozoites)
2- كريات دم حمراء Red blood cell

27. البلازموديوم Plasmodium1 2
البلازموديوم Plasmodium
1- إنطلاق الميروزيتات Release of merozoites
2- كريات دم حمراء Red blood cell

28. Thank you for attention